高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征的防治策略

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus,PRRSV)引起猪的一种急性、热性、高致病性传染病。该病发病快、传染性强。近年来高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征的发病率不断升高,成为困扰我国养猪业的巨大难题。当前就高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征防控而言,猪场可以通过接种疫苗、加强生物安全管理及饲养管理等措施防控。笔者从高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征的发病特点、诊断防治对该病的防治措施进行综述,望能为同行提供参考。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的研究进展

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征是(PRRS)由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)引起,以母猪繁殖障碍和仔猪呼吸道综合征为主要特征。为了更好地认识猪繁殖与呼吸综合征在我国的发生与流行,本文对PRRS的病原学、流行病学、发病机理、临床症状与防治等方面的研究进展进行综述。     

猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征的感染与流行病特征及其防控

猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征(PRRS)是由猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒(PRRSV)引起的以猪繁殖和呼吸系统障碍为主要临床特征的传染病,经典的临床症状是病猪耳部出现"一过性"蓝灰色,又称"蓝耳病"。该病的危害不仅表现在对猪繁殖性能的破坏,妊娠母猪在怀孕的中后期流产,产弱胎、死胎、木乃     

猪繁殖和呼吸障碍综合征的诊治方案探析

猪繁殖(Pig breeding)和呼吸障碍综合征(Respiratory disorder syndrome,PRRS)也可以被称为是蓝耳病。猪繁殖和呼吸障碍综合征普遍存在于我国的各大养猪场内,但是根据相关资料研究显示,只有2.1%的猪会出现猪繁殖和呼吸障碍综合征症状,部分病猪的猪繁殖和呼吸障碍综合征症状很快消失,还有部分病猪的症状不仅仅出现在耳部位置,还出现在病猪的乳头以及四肢末端位置。呼吸障碍综合征既能导致仔猪出现严重的呼吸道疾病,也能导致母猪出现严重的繁殖障碍情况发生。呼吸障碍综合征是一种严重影响猪的市场以及市场效益的传染病。     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒Nsp2基因的克隆及序列分析

<正>猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS)又称"猪蓝耳病",是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)引发的猪的一种高度传染性疾病。根据PRRS致病性的不同,可将其分为低致病性(经典)猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(LPPRRS)和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(HPPRRS)~([1])。HP-PRRS临床上以41℃以上高烧、肤色发红、严重呼吸道病症、母猪繁殖障碍、仔猪和育肥     

第2讲:生猪疫病防控篇之 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)预防与诊治

1猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)概论猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)引起的一种严重危害养猪业的烈性传染病,又称"蓝耳病"。临床表现为母猪繁殖障碍,怀孕母猪呈现流产,产死胎、木乃伊胎及弱仔等症状;仔猪及育成猪表现为呼吸系统症状,仔猪死     

仔猪PRRS母源抗体消长规律的测定

##正##为消除或降低母源抗体对仔猪猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征疫苗免疫的抑制,同时防止猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒在免疫空白期对仔猪的侵袭,试验通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)分别对产前1个月免疫猪繁殖与呼吸系统综合征灭     

猪蓝耳病病毒的结构与相关抗体的分析

猪繁殖和呼吸障碍综合征(简称:PRRS,俗称:蓝耳病)是由猪繁殖和呼吸障碍综合征病毒(简称:PRRSV,俗称:蓝耳病病毒)引起的一种猪急性接触性传染病.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的流行病学与防制措施

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS),俗称"猪蓝耳病",是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)引起的以怀孕母猪繁殖障碍和仔猪呼吸道症状为特征的一种传染病.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征诊治经验谈

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征是一种由病毒引起的以繁殖障碍和呼吸系统症状为特征的急性、高度传染的病毒性传染病。笔者在猪的饲养过程中发现多例猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的病猪,临床的诊治后收效比较明显。现将诊治过程做以详述,以供同行参考。(一)流行病学1.传染源。猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS),又称蓝耳病,是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒引起     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.