蜻蜓凤梨叶片组织培养植株再生的研究

以蜻蜓凤梨试管苗叶片为外植体进行离体再生研究。结果表明，叶片诱导直接分化不定芽的最佳培养基是MS＋BA 5.0 mg/L＋IBA 1.5 mg/L，分化率高达80%。增殖培养基为MS＋BA 0.5 mg/L＋NAA 0.2 mg/L。壮苗培养基为MS＋NAA 2.0 mg/L。生根培养基为MS＋NAA 2.0 mg/L＋AC 0.5 g/L，生根率达100%。     

Large scale in vitro propagation of Stevia rebaudiana (bert) for commercial application: Pharmaceutically important and antidiabetic medicinal herb

Stevia rebaudiana is a valuable medicinal plant species and it is being used for the treatment of diabetes. Currently, there is a high demand for raw material of this medicinal herb due to ever increasing diabetes disorder among the population. In order to meet the increased demand an efficient in vitro propagation of S. rebaudiana was established. Nodal explants collected from the field were cultured on MS basal medium fortified with different concentrations of BAP (0.5-3.0 mg/l) and KIN (0.5-3.0 mg/l) individually for shoot bud induction. In vitro derived nodal buds were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations (0.5-3.0 mg/l) of BAP and KIN for multiple shoot bud regeneration. In the second experiment, in vitro derived buds were placed on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP (0.5-3.0 mg/l) in combination with 0.5 mg/l IAA or IBA or NAA for shoot bud multiplication. The highest frequency (94.50%) of multiple shoot regeneration with maximum number of shoots (15.69 shoots/explant) was noticed on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP. For large scale plant production, in vitro derived nodal bud explants were cultured on MS medium fortified with 1.0 mg/l BAP, in which about 123 shoots/explant were obtained after three subcultures on the same media composition. Elongated shoots (>2 cm) dissected out from the in vitro proliferated shoot clumps were cultured on half-strength MS medium containing different concentrations of NAA (0.1-0.5 mg/l) and/or MS medium fortified with various concentrations (0.5-2.0 mg/l) of auxins (NAA, IAA and IBA) for root induction. Highest frequency of rooting (96%) was noticed on half-strength MS medium augmented with 0.4 mg/l NAA. The rooted plantlets were successfully transferred into plastic cups containing sand and soil in the ratio of 1:2 and subsequently established in the greenhouse. The present in vitro propagation protocol would facilitate an alternative method for rapid and large-scale production of this important antidiabetic medicinal plant.     

山东茶树良种组织培养及繁殖能力的研究

取茶树嫩茎段作外植体进行离体培养 ,以MS作基本培养基 ,经添加不同激素水平及组合的试验 ,得到最佳分化率 83% ,其培养基配方为MS +BA 1 5+ZT 0 5;最佳生根率 80 % ,其培养基配方为 1/ 2MS +IBA0 2 +2 0g糖。选出了最佳移栽基质为蛭石 +壤土 +木屑 ,其配比为 2∶1∶1,移栽成活率达 85%。一个外植体经三次继代培养可繁殖 4 7棵苗。     

芦笋组织培养快繁技术

[目的]探索芦笋的组织培养快繁技术.[方法]利用丰岛芦笋3—4月抽出的嫩茎为外植体,在不同培养基上诱导、增殖和生根.[结果]筛选出芦笋适宜的诱导培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L NAA,增殖培养基为MS+0.5 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L NAA,生根培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L IBA+...     

野生黄精离体快繁技术体系的优化

以野生黄精不定芽为材料,以MS为基本培养基,添加不同浓度的植物生长调节剂6-BA、2,4-D、NAA、KT进行3因素4水平的正交设计试验,筛选黄精增殖的最佳培养条件;探讨不同培养温度对黄精组培苗继代增殖的影响;以1/2 MS为基本培养基,探讨不同生长素及其浓度和不同培养容器对组培苗生根的影响。结果表明,黄精组培苗最佳继代增殖培养基为MS + 2.0 mg/L 6-BA + 0.2 mg/L 2,4-D + 0.4 mg/L NAA,最佳培养温度为22 ℃,平均繁殖系数达6.88;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS + 0.5 mg/L NAA + 0.2 mg/L IBA,平均生根率达96.2%;接种袋是黄精工厂化育苗的首选生根培养容器。     

Growth optimization and organogenesis of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex. Hook f. in vitro

Regeneration potentials in Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex. Hook f. from tissues culture system was studied using leaf, petiole and root explants. In vitro regeneration, callus induction and root formation were optimized by manipulation of growth regulators during organogenesis. Various kinds of plant growth regulators such as 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), alpha-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), Indole-3-Butyric acid (IBA), N6-[2-Isopentenyl]adenine (2iP), Kinetin and Zeatin were used to initiate cultures. These plant growth regulators were added to Murashige and Skoog medium in different combinations and concentrations. Adventitious shoots were obtained from petiole explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L(-1) BAP and 0.5 mg L(-1) NAA. Effectiveness of shoot regeneration medium, type of growth regulator used and duration of induction period were investigated. Leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L(-1) BAP and 2.0 mg L(-1) 2, 4-D showed the best results for callus induction. Root explants were found to be non-regenerative in all experiments conducted. Petiole segment was identified as the best explant for regeneration of this species. Regenerated plants were rooted on Murashige and Skoog basal medium. Plantlets were then transferred to field with 75% survival rate.     

樟树优良家系的组培育苗技术研究

以新选育的珍贵用材树种樟树的2个优良家系为材料,开展组培快繁育苗技术研究.结果表明,樟树适宜初代培养基为改良DCR(DCRI)附加6-BA 0.3 mg/L和NAA 0.05 mg/L.家系X5和X9的最佳继代培养基分别为DCRRI+6-BA 0.6 mg/L+NAA 0.05 mg/L和DCRI+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IAA 0.2 mg/L+NAA 0.05 mg/L,其芽倍数分别为增殖2.69倍和3.25倍.通过优化组合,筛选得到2个家系的通用生根培养基:1/2MS+IBA 2.0 mg/L+IAA 1.7 mg/L+6-BA 0.1 mg/L+NAA 0.05 mg/L,其生根率高达96.30％.探索出适宜的驯化、移栽和后期管理技术,使2个家系生根苗的移栽存活率分别高达85.2％和89.7％.     

橡胶树品种云研77-2茎芽诱导体系优化及移栽管理

采用正交设计方法,研究橡胶树品种云研77-2茎段快繁试验中NAA、KT、6-BA 3种激素对茎芽诱导的影响.结果表明,培养基中添加6-BA对茎芽诱导起主导性的作用.橡胶树云研77-2茎芽诱导最适培养基为MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+0～0.5 mg/L KT.诱导生根试验中,培养基为1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L IBA的生根率可达66.7%.叶片剪去1/2的自根无性系进行移栽的植株平均成活率为43.6%.     

水田七的组织培养和植株再生

用水田七成熟种子为材料进行无菌播种,得到无菌苗再用幼叶、叶柄为材料进行组织培养和植株再生。经试验得出各阶段适宜的培养基分别为：(1)诱导愈伤组织：MS＋2.0 mg/L TDZ;(2)诱导芽分化：MS＋1.5 mg/L 6-BA＋0.5 mg/L NAA;(3)生根培养：1/2MS＋0.5 mg /L IBA＋0.1 mg/L NAA。     

刚果12号桉愈伤组织的诱导与再生植株快繁体系的构建

以刚果12号桉（Eucalyptus 12ABL）7 d苗龄的下胚轴为外植体,进行了组织培养试验,研究了具分化潜力的愈伤组织的获得、不定芽的分化、增殖培养、生根培养,建立了从愈伤组织到再生植株的快繁体系.结果表明：诱导愈伤组织阶段表现最优的配方是改良H培养基＋6-BA0.5mg/L＋NAA0.5mg/L＋蔗糖40g/L,红色紧密愈伤组织诱导率达65.7%;诱导不定芽表现最优的配方是改良H＋6-BA1mg/L＋NAA0.1 mg/L＋蔗糖40g/L,诱导率达54%;增殖培养中表现最优的配方是MS＋6-BA1mg/L＋NAA0.1mg/L＋蔗糖30g/L,增殖系数达3.4;生根效果表现最优的配方是1/2MS＋IBA0.5mg/L＋蔗糖30g/L,生根率达100%,平均每株萌发的根系数为3.6条.     

弄岗马兜铃组培苗的生根培养

对弄岗马兜铃组培苗进行生根诱导研究,以达到可移栽的目的。在1/2改良MS固体培养基(KH2PO4 170 mg/L、蔗糖30 g/L,pH 5.8)中添加不同浓度的6-苄胺基腺嘌呤(6-BA)和吲哚丁酸(IBA)筛选最佳生根培养基配方。结果表明：在1/2改良MS固体培养基(蔗糖30 g/L,pH 5.8)加入1 mg/L的IBA具有较好的生根诱导作用,而6-BA对弄岗马兜铃组培苗不具有生根作用。     

Callogenic studies of Achyranthes aspera leaf explant at different hormonal combinations

With the objective to promote in vitro callus induction, leaf segments of Achyranthes aspera were inoculated on basal MS medium supplemented with 3.0% sucrose and 0.8% agar with different concentrations of 2,4-D alone and in combination with NAA, BAP, IAA, IBA and Zeatin. The explants were maintained in growth room at 25 +/- 1 degrees C and 16 h light cycle. The best callus induction was obtained with 2,4-D (1.0 and 2.0 mg L(-l)) in combination with NAA (0.5 mg L(-1)). Callus induction and good texture from leaf explant was also observed at 2,4-D with BAP. On these combinations morphologically, light green, soft, compact and non-embryogenic callus (Type III callus) was observed. While morphology of callus and callogenic response was poor at 2,4-D alone or in combination with other hormones at different concentrations.     

大苞鞘石斛组织培养快繁研究

为筛选出大苞鞘石斛组培快繁体系各阶段最适培养基配方,以大苞鞘石斛无菌苗茎段为外植体,通过正交试验研究不同因素对大苞鞘石斛植株再生的影响。结果表明:拟原球茎诱导最适培养基为1/2MS+2,4-D0.2 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L,诱导出的拟原球茎直径1.5 mm时将其从茎段上剥离,并接入原培养基继续诱导15~20 d;拟原球茎增殖最适培养基为1/2MS+NAA 1 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+椰乳10%,继代周期25~30 d;拟原球茎分化最适培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+椰乳10%,分化培养需40 d;将分化的无菌苗继代于花宝2号3 g/L+蛋白胨2 g/L+IBA 1 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+椰乳10%生根诱导效果最好,培养45 d;生根壮苗最佳培养基为花宝1号3 g/L+蛋白胨2 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L+活性炭1 g/L,培养50 d。     

In vitro study on regeneration of Gladiolus grandiflorus corm calli as affected by plant growth regulators

In this study, in vitro organogenesis of Gladiolus grandiflorus cultivar pink corm segments were evaluated by culturing corm calli in modified MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 0.7% agar with different concentration of BAP (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg L(-1) medium) and NAA (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg L(-1) medium) in factorial experiment of Completely Randomized Design (CRD). In order to obtain Gladiolus calli, corm segments (Aprox. 5 x 5 x 1 mm in size) were kept in modified MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) that was supplemented with 1 mg L(-1) 2, 4-D, 3% sucrose and 0.7% agar. The results showed that increasing the concentration of BAP from 0 to 2 mg L(-1) medium simulated plantlet regeneration but no significantly effect was obtained on shoot and cormel organogenesis between 2 and 4 mg L(-1) BAP concentration in medium. Increasing of NAA content in media without BAP developed rootlet significantly. Interaction results showed that increasing BAP content against decreasing of NAA concentration stimulates the shoot and cormel proliferation.     

猫须草无菌短枝组织培养与快速繁殖体系的建立

猫须草又称作“肾茶”,是一种生长在热带和亚热带地区的多年生草本植物,有一定的药用价值和观赏价值。在东南亚,猫须草作为一种传统的茶饮而深受人们喜爱,在我国则更多是作为一种中草药用于治疗肾脏疾病。然而猫须草野生药材资源日趋枯竭,传统生产繁殖方式难以满足市场需求,因此采用植物组织培养快速繁殖技术,为猫须草大规模种植提供种苗已成为急需解决的问题。为了研究适合猫须草的无菌短枝组织培养快速繁殖体系,本研究以带一对腋芽的猫须草幼嫩茎段为外植体,探究不同消毒方法、激素类型与浓度及培养基配方对猫须草无菌短枝组织培养的影响。结果表明,猫须草无菌短枝组织培养的最佳消毒方法为75%酒精浸泡10 s或15 s+0.1%升汞浸泡6 min,当0.1%升汞消毒时间为8 min时,猫须草无菌短枝的萌芽率显著下降,当0.1%升汞消毒时间为4 min时,猫须草无菌短枝的污染率显著提高。最佳初代培养基配方为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L或MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L;但当6-BA的浓度达2.0 mg/L时,组培苗长势细弱,叶片发黄,并有玻璃化发生。最佳继代培养基配方为MS+TDZ 0.05 mg/L+IBA 0.2 mg/L;与添加6-BA相比,添加TDZ更有利于猫须草无菌短枝继代组培苗的生长。最佳生根培养基配方为1/2MS+NAA 1.0 mg/L+IBA 1.0 mg/L+活性炭3 g/L,组培苗生根率可达95%。培养基配方及不同激素组合均会影响猫须草无菌短枝组培苗的生根,1/2MS培养基明显优于MS培养基,同时添加NAA和IBA比单独添加NAA的效果好。将组培苗移栽至珍珠岩、细河沙、泥炭土的体积比为1:1:1的混合基质中,植株生长良好,成活率高。研究结果可为猫须草大规模工厂化生产提供科学可行的技术支持。     

黑毛石斛×鼓槌石斛杂交种组培快繁技术研究

本研究以黑毛石斛×鼓槌石斛杂交种蒴果为外植体,通过对种子无菌萌发和原球茎诱导、原球茎增殖及丛生芽诱导、生根壮苗以及移栽驯化研究,建立杂交石斛兰的组培快繁技术体系。结果表明,最适合种子无菌萌发和原球茎诱导的培养基为MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L+琼脂6.8 g/L+蔗糖20 g/L+马铃薯50 g/L;原球茎增殖及丛生芽诱导的最佳培养基为1/2 MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+KT 1.0 mg/L+蔗糖25 g/L+琼脂6.8 g/L+碳粉1.0 g/L+马铃薯50 g/L+香蕉50 g/L,继代培养50 d,增殖系数达6.19;最佳生根壮苗培养基为1/2 MS+6-BA 0.2 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+花宝1号0.5 g/L+蔗糖25 g/L+琼脂6.8 g/L+碳粉1.0 g/L+马铃薯50 g/L+香蕉50 g/L,培养2个月后,平均株高达7.14 cm,平均根数6.17条,平均根长6.46 cm,生根率达100%。体积比为单一松树皮和松树皮∶兰石=1∶1适于移栽,移栽65 d成活率分别达到96.32%和96.71%。     

猫尾射的组织培养

以猫尾射无菌播种苗(去除根部)为外殖体,对其愈伤组织诱导和分化及其不定芽增殖进行研究。结果表明,外殖体在MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg/L＋NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基上,愈伤组织诱导和分化的效果较好,愈伤诱导率为82.0%,分化率为74.5%;经不定芽增殖培养基MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg/L＋NAA 0.05 mg/L培养,不定芽增殖倍数为8.2,平均株高为4.7cm。组培苗在MS＋IBA 0.5 mg/L培养基上生根率达90%。生根苗移栽成活率达84%。     

澳洲鸽子石斛兰花梗芽组织培养技术研究

以澳洲鸽子石斛兰（Dendrobium kingianum Bidwill）的花梗为外植体,研究花梗芽的诱导、增殖和生根情况。结果表明：在1号诱导培养基[MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+10%椰子汁（CM）]和2号诱导培养基（MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+AC 1.0 g/L+10% CM）中均能诱导出芽,尽管在诱导过程中70.6%带节间的花梗茎段因不能诱导出侧芽或侧芽弱小而死亡,但为种苗生产和种质资源的保护提供了一种有效途径。在增殖培养过程中,2号增殖培养基（MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+AD 3.0 mg/L+10% CM）有利于增殖培养;在生根壮苗过程中,生根培养基（1/2 MS+NAA 0.3~0.5 mg/L+10% CM）适宜澳洲鸽子石斛兰‘金斯卡’的生根培养。     

播娘蒿与甘蓝型油菜的原生质体融合与植株再生

以播娘蒿叶片和甘蓝型油菜子叶为材料提取原生质体.采用PEG-高pH、高钙附加DMSO融合方法,液体浅层静置培养,研究影响播娘蒿与甘蓝型油菜原生质体融合的因素,获得了再生植株.结果表明:4%纤维素酶 0.5%离析酶 5mmol/L MES酶解10b可获得高产率播娘蒿原生质体,1%纤维素酶 0.2%离析酶 3mmol/LMES酶解14h可获得高产率油菜原生质体;30%PEG 0.3mol/L葡萄糖 50mmoL/L CaCl2·2H2O 15%DMSO可获得10%的融合率;改良B5培养基的原生质体培养效果最好;最佳分化培养基为MS 4.0mg/L 6-BA 0.3mg/LNAA 5.0mg/L AgNO3;最佳生根培养基为MS 0.1mg/LIBA 0.1mg/L NAA.     

贵港报春苣苔的叶片组培与植株再生

以贵港报春苣苔的叶片为外植体,研究不同培养基对其不定芽诱导和增殖、愈伤组织诱导与分化以及生根的影响。结果表明,外植体叶片以纵切为宜,不定芽诱导最适培养基为MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L+IAA 1.5 mg/L,愈伤组织诱导最适培养基为MS+6-BA3.0～5.0 mg/L+2,4-D0.5～1.0 mg/L,不定芽诱导率以及愈伤组织诱导率均为100.00%;愈伤在MS+KT 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+potato 30 g/L+banana 30 g/L+apple 20 g/L+coconut juice 100 mL/L培养基上分化系数达12.64;不定芽在MS+ZT 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.10 mg/L+potato 30 g/L+banana 30 g/L+apple 20 g/L+coconut juice 100 mL/L培养基的增殖系数为8.55;不定芽在3/4 MS+NAA 0.01～0.05 mg/L+活性炭1.0～3.0 g/L培养基上的生根率为100.00%。综上所述,叶片纵切后能通过不定芽途径以及愈伤组织途径建立贵港报春苣苔的组织培养技术体系,在该体系下不定芽增殖系数高、愈伤分化高,组培苗生根好。