猫尾射的组织培养

以猫尾射无菌播种苗(去除根部)为外殖体,对其愈伤组织诱导和分化及其不定芽增殖进行研究。结果表明,外殖体在MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg/L＋NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基上,愈伤组织诱导和分化的效果较好,愈伤诱导率为82.0%,分化率为74.5%;经不定芽增殖培养基MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg/L＋NAA 0.05 mg/L培养,不定芽增殖倍数为8.2,平均株高为4.7cm。组培苗在MS＋IBA 0.5 mg/L培养基上生根率达90%。生根苗移栽成活率达84%。     

贵港报春苣苔的叶片组培与植株再生

以贵港报春苣苔的叶片为外植体,研究不同培养基对其不定芽诱导和增殖、愈伤组织诱导与分化以及生根的影响。结果表明,外植体叶片以纵切为宜,不定芽诱导最适培养基为MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L+IAA 1.5 mg/L,愈伤组织诱导最适培养基为MS+6-BA3.0～5.0 mg/L+2,4-D0.5～1.0 mg/L,不定芽诱导率以及愈伤组织诱导率均为100.00%;愈伤在MS+KT 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+potato 30 g/L+banana 30 g/L+apple 20 g/L+coconut juice 100 mL/L培养基上分化系数达12.64;不定芽在MS+ZT 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.10 mg/L+potato 30 g/L+banana 30 g/L+apple 20 g/L+coconut juice 100 mL/L培养基的增殖系数为8.55;不定芽在3/4 MS+NAA 0.01～0.05 mg/L+活性炭1.0～3.0 g/L培养基上的生根率为100.00%。综上所述,叶片纵切后能通过不定芽途径以及愈伤组织途径建立贵港报春苣苔的组织培养技术体系,在该体系下不定芽增殖系数高、愈伤分化高,组培苗生根好。     

猪笼草的组织培养

以猪笼草（Nepenthes mirabilis）腋芽为试材,研究猪笼草的组培快繁。结果表明,外殖体的建立以1/2MS+6-BA 1mg/L+NAA 0.05mg/L液体培养基春季（3～6月）进行培养最佳。愈伤组织（或不定芽）增殖以 MS+6-BA 1mg/L+Ad 10mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+100mL/L椰子汁较佳,高浓度（200mL/L）的椰子汁不利于愈伤组织（或不定芽）增殖;继代芽的增殖以MS+6-BA 1.5mg/L+Ad 1～5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+100～200mL/L椰子汁较好:生根培养用1/2MS+6-BA0.1mg/L+NAA1.0mg/L,20d后可长出2～4条根。      

彩椒的离体快繁研究

以红盾彩椒为试材,进行组培快繁,研究不同激素类型与配比组合对愈伤组织诱导、不定芽分化及芽的伸长的影响,并初步建立彩椒的组培快繁体系。 结果表明：子叶愈伤诱导最适培养基为：MS＋0.3 mg/L 6-BA＋1.0 mg/L NAA;不定芽诱导最适培养基为：MS＋3.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.5 mg/L IAA＋4.0 mg/L AgNO3;芽伸长最适培养基为：MS＋2.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.2 mg/L IAA＋2.0 mg/L ZT＋2.0 mg/L GA3;最后在1/2MS＋0.5 mg/L IBA(或 0.5 mg/L NAA)培养基上进行生根培养。     

水田七的组织培养和植株再生

用水田七成熟种子为材料进行无菌播种,得到无菌苗再用幼叶、叶柄为材料进行组织培养和植株再生。经试验得出各阶段适宜的培养基分别为：(1)诱导愈伤组织：MS＋2.0 mg/L TDZ;(2)诱导芽分化：MS＋1.5 mg/L 6-BA＋0.5 mg/L NAA;(3)生根培养：1/2MS＋0.5 mg /L IBA＋0.1 mg/L NAA。     

香蕉未成熟雄花组织培养与快速繁殖研究

以香蕉未成熟雄花为外植体,进行组织培养和快速繁殖研究。结果表明,香蕉未成熟雄花外植体不消毒处理,在离体24 h内切片厚度1.2 mm为最佳外植体处理方式。最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+TDZ 0.2 mg/L+Zeatin 0.2 mg/L+生物素1.0 mg/L+谷氨酰胺100 mg/L+糖40 g/L（pH值5.3）;最佳胚性分化培养基为MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L+糖30 g/L（pH值5.8）;最佳生根培养基为MS+IBA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L（pH值5.8）。炼苗后移栽至椰糠基质中,移栽成活率100％。     

Callogenic studies of Achyranthes aspera leaf explant at different hormonal combinations

With the objective to promote in vitro callus induction, leaf segments of Achyranthes aspera were inoculated on basal MS medium supplemented with 3.0% sucrose and 0.8% agar with different concentrations of 2,4-D alone and in combination with NAA, BAP, IAA, IBA and Zeatin. The explants were maintained in growth room at 25 +/- 1 degrees C and 16 h light cycle. The best callus induction was obtained with 2,4-D (1.0 and 2.0 mg L(-l)) in combination with NAA (0.5 mg L(-1)). Callus induction and good texture from leaf explant was also observed at 2,4-D with BAP. On these combinations morphologically, light green, soft, compact and non-embryogenic callus (Type III callus) was observed. While morphology of callus and callogenic response was poor at 2,4-D alone or in combination with other hormones at different concentrations.     

Growth optimization and organogenesis of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex. Hook f. in vitro

Regeneration potentials in Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex. Hook f. from tissues culture system was studied using leaf, petiole and root explants. In vitro regeneration, callus induction and root formation were optimized by manipulation of growth regulators during organogenesis. Various kinds of plant growth regulators such as 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), alpha-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), Indole-3-Butyric acid (IBA), N6-[2-Isopentenyl]adenine (2iP), Kinetin and Zeatin were used to initiate cultures. These plant growth regulators were added to Murashige and Skoog medium in different combinations and concentrations. Adventitious shoots were obtained from petiole explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L(-1) BAP and 0.5 mg L(-1) NAA. Effectiveness of shoot regeneration medium, type of growth regulator used and duration of induction period were investigated. Leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L(-1) BAP and 2.0 mg L(-1) 2, 4-D showed the best results for callus induction. Root explants were found to be non-regenerative in all experiments conducted. Petiole segment was identified as the best explant for regeneration of this species. Regenerated plants were rooted on Murashige and Skoog basal medium. Plantlets were then transferred to field with 75% survival rate.     

马铃薯脱毒试管苗的快速繁殖的研究

剥取小于0.3mm的马铃薯茎法进行组织培养。在诱导愈伤组织和愈伤组织分化成芽过程中采用不同的激素条件，诱导培养基为MS＋6－BA2mg/L＋NAA0.1mg/L＋蔗糖3％＋琼脂0.6%，分化培养基为MS＋GA30.5mg/L 蔗糖3％＋琼脂0.6%。这种方法可提高分化成芽率，最后获得马铃薯脱毒苗。     

屏南龙源‘四季杜鹃’古树组培快繁技术研究

以屏南县棠口乡龙源村400多年‘四季杜鹃’古树的顶芽为外植体,开展离体快繁技术研究,探讨外植体消毒方式、取材时间对无菌系建立的影响,培养基中植物生长调节剂种类和配比对芽苗继代增殖的影响,以及培养基中植物生长调节剂的种类与配比对无根苗瓶内生根的影响。试验结果表明,外植体表面消毒以75%酒精作用30 s后再用0.1% HgCl₂消毒8 min,消毒效果最好。外植体最佳的取材时间为5月中旬前后。在无菌系建立中污染的外植体可采用75%酒精消毒20 s,然后用0.1% HgCl₂消毒5 min,再经4次转瓶后成功率可达71%。初代培养的最适培养基为WPM+3.0 mg/L ZT+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/L GA₃ ,平均有效芽数为3.45。在增殖培养中,带腋芽茎段诱导丛生芽的增殖效果优于顶芽,最适培养基组合为Anderson+0.5 mg/L TDZ+0.1 mg/L NAA,增殖系数达13.23。最适的瓶内生根培养基为：WPM+0.1 mg/L ZT+0.5 mg/L NAA,生根率达92.6%。本研究的结果可为‘四季杜鹃’古树的保护与开发利用提供理论与技术支持。     

阿希蕉合生花组培快繁技术研究

阿希蕉为野生香蕉资源,可作为重要的遗传育种资源并具有观赏价值。本研究以阿希蕉合生花为植物材料,进行组培快繁技术研究。结果表明,阿希蕉在巴西蕉愈伤诱导培养基上可诱导出愈伤组织,最佳芽分化培养基配方为MS+6-BA（3.0 mg/L）+NAA（0.1~0.2 mg/L）,最佳芽增殖培养基配方为MS+6-BA（2.0 mg/L）+NAA（0.1 mg/L）,最佳生根培养基配方为MS+IBA（3.0 mg/L）+NAA（0.3 mg/L）。从取材到获得根系完整的组培苗约需100 d,繁殖效率100株/花苞以上,增殖效率高,可达到快速繁育的目的。     

澳洲坚果不同外植体愈伤组织诱导与不定芽增殖研究

以澳洲坚果品种'H2'的幼嫩茎段和种子为材料,获取腋芽、子叶和上胚轴等外植体,开展愈伤组织诱导及不定芽增殖研究,再通过石蜡切片法对不同愈伤组织的细胞结构进行观察,分析比较不同外植体诱导的愈伤组织性质与不定芽分化效果.结果表明:适合腋芽愈伤诱导和分化的培养基为MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L KT,腋芽...     

澳洲鸽子石斛兰花梗芽组织培养技术研究

以澳洲鸽子石斛兰（Dendrobium kingianum Bidwill）的花梗为外植体,研究花梗芽的诱导、增殖和生根情况。结果表明：在1号诱导培养基[MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+10%椰子汁（CM）]和2号诱导培养基（MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+AC 1.0 g/L+10% CM）中均能诱导出芽,尽管在诱导过程中70.6%带节间的花梗茎段因不能诱导出侧芽或侧芽弱小而死亡,但为种苗生产和种质资源的保护提供了一种有效途径。在增殖培养过程中,2号增殖培养基（MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+AD 3.0 mg/L+10% CM）有利于增殖培养;在生根壮苗过程中,生根培养基（1/2 MS+NAA 0.3~0.5 mg/L+10% CM）适宜澳洲鸽子石斛兰‘金斯卡’的生根培养。     

花生不同外植体芽诱导制约因素研究

以花生品种远杂9102成熟种胚发芽12d、4d的幼叶为外植体,对花生幼叶不定芽诱导制约因素进行了研究,结果表明,采用较高浓度的6-BA（8mg/L）、较低浓度的NAA（1mg/L）,不定芽诱导率可达70%以上。最佳诱导培养基为MS＋6-BA8mg/L＋NAA0.5mg/L＋AgNO32mg/L 最佳继代培养基为MS＋6-BA5mg/L＋NAA2mg/L＋AgNO32mg/L。同时试验发现种子预培养4d的幼叶不定芽诱导率较预培养12d的高 花生幼叶近叶柄基部切口处不定芽诱导率较高,是较理想的不定芽诱导部位。以远杂9102预培养2d的子叶作外植体,对愈伤组织诱导及分化进行试验,确定MS＋6-BA4.5mg/L＋2,4-D2.2mg/L为诱导愈伤的最佳培养基,愈伤组织诱导率达79.8%,最佳分化培养基为MS＋KT（0.15mg/L）。     

猫须草无菌短枝组织培养与快速繁殖体系的建立

猫须草又称作“肾茶”,是一种生长在热带和亚热带地区的多年生草本植物,有一定的药用价值和观赏价值。在东南亚,猫须草作为一种传统的茶饮而深受人们喜爱,在我国则更多是作为一种中草药用于治疗肾脏疾病。然而猫须草野生药材资源日趋枯竭,传统生产繁殖方式难以满足市场需求,因此采用植物组织培养快速繁殖技术,为猫须草大规模种植提供种苗已成为急需解决的问题。为了研究适合猫须草的无菌短枝组织培养快速繁殖体系,本研究以带一对腋芽的猫须草幼嫩茎段为外植体,探究不同消毒方法、激素类型与浓度及培养基配方对猫须草无菌短枝组织培养的影响。结果表明,猫须草无菌短枝组织培养的最佳消毒方法为75%酒精浸泡10 s或15 s+0.1%升汞浸泡6 min,当0.1%升汞消毒时间为8 min时,猫须草无菌短枝的萌芽率显著下降,当0.1%升汞消毒时间为4 min时,猫须草无菌短枝的污染率显著提高。最佳初代培养基配方为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L或MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L;但当6-BA的浓度达2.0 mg/L时,组培苗长势细弱,叶片发黄,并有玻璃化发生。最佳继代培养基配方为MS+TDZ 0.05 mg/L+IBA 0.2 mg/L;与添加6-BA相比,添加TDZ更有利于猫须草无菌短枝继代组培苗的生长。最佳生根培养基配方为1/2MS+NAA 1.0 mg/L+IBA 1.0 mg/L+活性炭3 g/L,组培苗生根率可达95%。培养基配方及不同激素组合均会影响猫须草无菌短枝组培苗的生根,1/2MS培养基明显优于MS培养基,同时添加NAA和IBA比单独添加NAA的效果好。将组培苗移栽至珍珠岩、细河沙、泥炭土的体积比为1:1:1的混合基质中,植株生长良好,成活率高。研究结果可为猫须草大规模工厂化生产提供科学可行的技术支持。     

In vitro study on regeneration of Gladiolus grandiflorus corm calli as affected by plant growth regulators

In this study, in vitro organogenesis of Gladiolus grandiflorus cultivar pink corm segments were evaluated by culturing corm calli in modified MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 0.7% agar with different concentration of BAP (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg L(-1) medium) and NAA (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg L(-1) medium) in factorial experiment of Completely Randomized Design (CRD). In order to obtain Gladiolus calli, corm segments (Aprox. 5 x 5 x 1 mm in size) were kept in modified MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) that was supplemented with 1 mg L(-1) 2, 4-D, 3% sucrose and 0.7% agar. The results showed that increasing the concentration of BAP from 0 to 2 mg L(-1) medium simulated plantlet regeneration but no significantly effect was obtained on shoot and cormel organogenesis between 2 and 4 mg L(-1) BAP concentration in medium. Increasing of NAA content in media without BAP developed rootlet significantly. Interaction results showed that increasing BAP content against decreasing of NAA concentration stimulates the shoot and cormel proliferation.     

珠芽魔芋组培快繁技术

为探索出一套适于珠芽魔芋的组培快繁技术体系,本研究以珠芽黄魔芋不同发育时期的叶片为外植体,开展组培快繁技术研究。结果表明：以开始伸出鳞片叶片作为外植体材料,75%酒精消毒30 s后,0.1% HgCl₂溶液中浸泡15 min为宜,其成活率达到96.7%;最优愈伤组织诱导培养基配方为MS+TDZ 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+蔗糖30.0 g/L+琼脂6.0 g/L,其诱导率达到95.6%;最优不定芽诱导培养基配方为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+蔗糖30.0 g/L+琼脂6.0 g/L,不定芽诱导率达到71.1%,单位接种质量愈伤组织分化芽数达到2.88;全展叶片苗在MS+NAA 0.25 mg/L+蔗糖15.0 g/L+琼脂 6.0 g/L培养基的生根率达到100.0%,平均根数达到1.36。以开始伸出鳞片叶片为外植体建立的珠芽黄魔芋组培快繁技术体系,达到了魔芋种苗的规模化生产技术水平,对解决珠芽魔芋产业发展中种芋供不应求的问题具有积极意义。     

凌云白毫茶组培无菌体系的建立与抗褐化研究

以凌云白毫茶嫩芽为外植体,建立凌云白毫茶无菌体系,探讨抗褐化措施,建立白毫茶组织培养体系,为白毫茶优良品种产业化种植提供种苗技术基础。结果表明:以白毫茶树带腋芽茎段和顶芽为外植体,浓度为0.1%HgCl2溶液对外植体进行灭菌10 min,污染率最低;在此基础上,预处理采用0.1%高锰酸钾溶液浸泡10 min,抗褐化效果和降低污染率都较明显,褐化率低至30%;选用腋芽茎段的褐化率和污染率均比顶芽低,在培养基中添加活性炭1.5 mg/L,能降低褐化率至16.7%。凌云白毫茶初代培养使用6-BA诱导腋芽效果好,浓度为2.0 mg/L的诱导率达到100%;对无菌芽增殖来说较适宜的培养基为MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+7g/L琼脂+30 g/L蔗糖,增殖倍数为3.3,长势最好。     

非洲菊离体快繁条件的优化

以非洲菊无菌苗带节茎段为外植体,比较各种不同激素组合、浓度大小对非洲菊芽苗的诱导、增殖和生根的影响。结果表明,以0．8—1．2cm的非洲菊带节茎段为外植体,可以不通过愈伤组织途径,直接诱导出芽。非洲菊带节茎段诱导芽苗的最佳培养基为Ms＋6-BA3．0mg·L-1＋NAA0．1mg·L-1。较高浓度的6-BA有利于增殖系数的提高,但容易出现玻璃化现象,高浓度的NAA会使芽苗叶色退绿,故最适合的增殖培养基为Ms＋6-BA2．0mg·L-1 ＋NAA0．3mg·L-1。非洲菊芽苗生根的浓度范围较宽,最佳生根培养基为1／2MS＋NAA0．2mg·L-1。     

茅膏菜试管苗不同增殖方式研究

为解决茅膏菜离体快繁中试管苗增殖的困难,本试验以茅膏菜试管苗为材料,通过3种不同增殖方式,研究不同激素组合、浓度的培养基对其增殖的影响。结果表明,①丛生芽增殖方式的最佳培养基为：1/2MS＋0.1 mg·L^-1 6-BA＋0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA,时间为55 d;②叶片愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基为：1/2MS＋1.0 mg·L^-1 6-BA＋0.1 mg·L^-1NAA,时间为15-20 d,愈伤组织分化的最佳培养基为1/2MS,时间为15-20 d;③茅膏菜叶片直接诱导不定芽增殖方式的最佳培养基为1/2MS,时间为30 d。