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1.
在中央储备粮乳山和文登两直属库进行了高大平房仓磷化氢熏蒸实仓试验研究.对实验仓进行了密封处理,经测试实验仓压力由500Pa降至250Pa的时间都在40秒以上.共设3种磷化氢熏蒸方法磷化氢钢瓶气(298)、磷化氢仓外发生器和磷化铝片粮面施药法.借助环流熏蒸装置进行了熏蒸杀虫试验,磷化铝用药量为1g/m3,钢瓶气和磷化氢仓外发生器分两次施药.试验结果表明施药后环流3天可使仓内磷化氢基本分布均匀(最高和最低浓度比小于4),磷化氢浓度绝大部分时间都在200ppm以上,密封14天的CT值绝大部分测试点都在150mg.h/L左右.粮堆内原有的害虫和试验前预埋的敏感和抗性害虫以及各种虫态害虫(成虫、卵、幼虫和蛹)均被杀死.研究表明在高大平房仓内,借助环流装置用磷化铝粮面施药法能很好地杀死害虫,是一种经济实用的害虫防治方法.  相似文献   

2.
文章主要论述将高大平房仓密封后,采用磷化氢仓外发生器与磷化铝粮面施药2种施药方法,借助环流熏蒸装置进行杀虫试验。试验结果证明了粮面自然潮解施药法的简便性、经济性和可行性,并阐述了熏蒸效果与用药量、仓房气密性以及密闭时间之间的关系。  相似文献   

3.
高大平房仓综合技术密封与环流熏蒸效果生产试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
李甲戌  张慧民  齐俊甫 《粮食储藏》2004,33(4):36-38,48
采用多种技术密封仓房,施用1.5g/m^3磷化铝,在高大平房仓进行粮面施药自然潮解磷化氢环流熏蒸,保持仓内磷化氢气体浓度在100mW以上47天,投药72小时,气体分布均匀。完全杀死害虫各虫态后,积极采取科学防护措施,可实现仓库连续两年以上不再熏蒸杀虫。  相似文献   

4.
仓外与粮面联合施药磷化氢环流熏蒸试验   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
利用高大平房仓环流熏蒸设备,进行仓外磷化氢发生器施药并结合粮面投药的环流熏蒸试验。结果表明仓外投药与粮面投药相结合的环流熏蒸能使磷化氢气体迅速达到有效浓度,而且达到浓度最高值的时间长,能保持较长的熏蒸时间,对粮堆内的害虫和试虫笼内的害虫均有良好的防治效果。  相似文献   

5.
高大平房仓磷化铝与敌敌畏粮面施药混合熏蒸杀虫试验   总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2  
对在高大平房仓中采用磷化铝与敌敌畏粮面施药混合熏蒸杀虫技术进行了试验,同时研究了不同的粮食杂质含量,以及不同的进粮方式(皮带输送机与人工驮包)对熏蒸杀虫效果的影响。结果表明:采用磷化铝与敌敌畏粮面施药混合熏蒸可以杀死高大平房仓储粮堆中各发育阶段的储粮害虫,较好地解决了新建粮库环流熏蒸设备未及时安装前,高大平房仓储粮熏蒸杀虫难的问题。  相似文献   

6.
敌敌畏和磷化铝自然潮解混合环流熏蒸杀虫试验   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
为了解决高大平房仓高粮堆、多抗性害虫和杀虫不彻底的问题,我们进行了敌敌畏与磷化铝混合粮面施药自然潮解环流熏蒸试验。研究表明,敌敌畏与磷化铝混合环流熏蒸几乎对所有储粮害虫都有较好的熏杀效果,尤其是对书虱、螨类、谷蠹等抗药性害虫,且较仓外投药环流熏蒸大大降低了熏蒸费用和投药时间,是一种具有推广价值的环流熏蒸杀虫方法。  相似文献   

7.
在高大平房仓环流熏蒸技术的基础上,将仓外通风管道口作为投药点,用磷化铝自然潮解的方法进行环流熏蒸试验。结果表明自然潮解使磷化铝分解产生有效的杀虫浓度,磷化氢直接进入粮堆,分布均匀,作用时间长,在风机产生的风压下能保持较长时间的熏蒸效果,对仓内害虫和试验虫笼内的害虫都有良好的防治效果。  相似文献   

8.
环流熏蒸技术是四项储粮新技术之一,现已广泛应用于储粮害虫防治。单一采用仓外磷化氢发生器施药方法,虽能节约大量人力,但操作耗时长,二氧化碳用量大,费用也较高。而采用磷化铝(A1P)粮面施药环流熏蒸和仓外磷化氢发生器补药相结合,能有效地均衡磷化氢(PH3)在熏蒸期间的浓度,确保有效浓度期,达到良好的杀虫效果。  相似文献   

9.
磷化氢仓外投药环流熏蒸新技术成套装备产业化开发研究   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
徐永安  董才 《粮食储藏》1999,28(2):3-9,26
重点对自行设计开发的磷化氢、二氧化碳混合钢瓶剂型(2:98W/W)仓外投药的车载钢瓶施药装置,用于仓内使熏蒸气体分布均匀的环流熏蒸装置,用于检测仓内磷化氢浓度的气体取样装置以及选用的磷化氢检测仪进行了实仓实验。结果表明,该设备安全可靠,使用方便,熏蒸用药量较少,杀虫彻底,在平房仓和筒仓熏蒸中均取得良好效果,用于高大粮堆和筒仓熏蒸杀虫时更具优越性。  相似文献   

10.
在低温时节高大平房仓中采用磷化铝仓外投药与粮面施药相结合进行环流熏蒸杀虫试验。试验结果表明:这种方法经济、实用、杀虫率100%。  相似文献   

11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans.  相似文献   

12.
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed.  相似文献   

13.
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol...  相似文献   

14.
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality.  相似文献   

15.
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination...  相似文献   

16.
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses.  相似文献   

17.
T. Visser  E. H. Oost 《Euphytica》1981,30(1):65-70
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed.  相似文献   

18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho...  相似文献   

19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf 1) and recessive for the other (Rf 2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph 3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf 1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf 1and Rf 2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf 1, and 0.15 for Lf 1-Sph 3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph 3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf 1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph 3. Poor performance of lf 1- (and possibly lf 2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off).  相似文献   

20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques.  相似文献   

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