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用SEM和TEM观察与表征该复合材料的微观结构,表明改性物质纳米粒子在杉木中的结合方式与单纯加入有机高分子或无机微米粒子有很大差别,并发现凝胶中的纳米CaCO3粒子多数以纳米尺度分布在木材细胞壁上,部分则沉积在木材中的纳米空间;基于二元复合理论,结合XRD和EDXA等,分析了其复合机理,结果表明:纳米CaCO3可与杉木木材形成良好的复合;纳米CaCO3与木材组分既有原位复合,但主要是其表面的大量不饱和残键以及游离羟基与杉木木材细胞壁主要组分—纤维素和半纤维素上的羟基形成化学结合。 相似文献
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在纳米材料特征、制备方法、纳米复合材料等方面研究成果的基础上,国内外的学者对木材无机纳米复合材料进行了初步研究.研究表明,木材内部具有容纳纳米粒子的纳米空间,它存在于木材细胞壁上的微细纤维之间;并存在能与纳米粒子结合的活性基团;可用溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel)、原位插层合成法、注入填充法等方法,形成木材/无机纳米复合材料;木材原有性能均能有不同程度的提高,甚至有可能产生全新的性能.基于木材的特点,以木材/无机纳米复合材料的工业化研究为目标,分析木材/无机纳米复合材料的制备、检测与分析表征的研究现状,提出研究建议与展望,主要包括无机纳米材料的筛选、表面改性和分散处理、纳米粒子与木材复合的途径和复合机理研究、木材/无机纳米复合材料的结构表征和性能分析及其应用研究等. 相似文献
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对不同伴生树种人工林酸枣木材物理力学性质和化学组分的测定和比较分析,结果表明:伴生树种马尾松和杉木提高了酸枣人工林木材密度、干缩系数、差异干缩和力学强度及其波动性,且杉木的影响大于马尾松;伴生树种马尾松和杉木对酸枣人工林木材物理性质影响不显著,杉木对酸枣人工林木材除弦面硬度和冲击韧性外的其它力学强度指标的影响极显著或显著,而马尾松对酸枣人工林木材力学强度指标均影响不显著;马尾松降低了酸枣人工林木材抽出物含量、纤维素含量和木素含量,提高了酸枣人工林木材戊聚糖含量,而杉木影响正好相反。 相似文献
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要实现木材-无机质复合材的人工模拟,其关键还是在于研究和探讨木材生物矿化的机理,因此要对木材中无机物的情况进行研究,从而获取生物矿化所形成的木材/无机质复合材料的形成机理,以此来指导木材的生物改性或木材/无机复合材的仿生合成。本文采用光学显微镜对几种木材/二氧化硅生物矿化复合材中硅石的分布进行观察发现:硅石主要分布在木射线细胞中,大量的晶体在木射线细胞以及轴向薄壁细胞中均有分布;采用重量法对几种木材/二氧化硅生物矿化复合材中二氧化硅含量情况进行测定表明:子京、山油柑、柚木、柠檬桉、山竹子等5种木材/二氧化硅生物矿化复合材中二氧化硅含量分别为1.5106%、0.8941%、0.8654%、0.2155%、0.1676%。 相似文献
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生物矿化原理与木材纳米结构复合材料 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
为促进传统木材改性技术产生新的发展 ,将生物矿化概念导入到木材科学与技术的研究领域中。本文综述了生物体系中生物矿化作用的基本内涵 ,探讨了基于这些原理之上的木质基纳米材料控制合成的构想 ,即通过立木形成层细胞分生的有机分子和无机离子在界面处的相互作用来设置矿化位 ,调节微环境 ,建立饱和溶液、提供有机质、搬运离子、加入添加剂等来控制生物矿化作用的方向和过程 ,实现用活立木制备木材纳米结构复合材。 相似文献
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杨木浸渍填充改性实验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过浸渍填充碳酸钠和氯化钙两种不同的无机盐溶液,使浸入木材的钙离子与碳酸根离子结合。在木材微纤丝间隙和管胞的胞腔中生成稳定的固体化合物碳酸钙,从而使杨木中填充了大量的无机物,得到无机复合木材。实验表明当温度为60℃、CaCl2溶液浓度为40%、Na2CO3溶液浓度为25%时,木材增重率最大,可达32.4%;而且处理过的杨木试件的硬度均比未处理高,且硬度平均提高24.36%。 相似文献
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对杉桐复合经营效果进行了调查研究。结果表明,杉木-三年桐复合经营能有效地利用林地空间,提高林分的光能利用率,5a生林分总生物量是杉木纯林的1.92倍,其干材生物量比杉木纯林增加72.6%,有效地提高了木材的经济产量。同时复合经营模式还具有较高的短期经济收益和较强的培肥土壤功能,在南方杉木产区具有重大推广应用价值。 相似文献
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为了对杉木/钙基蒙脱土插层复合材的结构进行表征,笔者通过色差计测定其颜色,通过扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)测定了其微观结构.研究结果表明:1.通过色差计可见,杉木/钙基蒙脱土插层复合材的颜色比未处理杉木深,但杉木的天然纹理并没有被改变.2.通过SEM可见,钙基蒙脱土全部或基本充实整个细胞腔和纹孔腔,且填充完整连续,与细胞壁紧密接触.但杉木的填充存在不均匀性,单个细胞和纹孔中,其填充程度也有差异.3.XRD证明,杉木/钙基蒙脱土捕层复合板材中水溶性酚醛树脂插入到钙基蒙脱土层间,为插层型复合材料.蒙脱土和酚醛树脂在一定程度上撑大了杉木的无定区域. 相似文献
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Optimum preparation technology for Chinese fir wood/Ca-montmorillonite (Ca-MMT) composite board 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
XUE Feng-lian ZHAO Guang-jie 《中国林学(英文版)》2008,10(3):199-204
For this study, an intercalation compounding method was used to prepare Chinese fir wood/Ca-montmorillonite (Ca-MMT) composite board to improve its properties such as surface mechanical properties, flame retardance and dimensional stability. By virtue of water-soluble phenolic resin (PF), Chinese fir wood and Ca-MMT were mixed by pressure and vacuum impregnation. The optimum impregnation technology of Chinese fir wood/Ca-MMT composite board was obtained by using an orthogonal design and a single factor design of pressure and vacuum impregnation, using weight percent gain (WPG) as the basic index. The results are as follows: 1) On the basis of the orthogonal design and an actual experiment, the optimum preparation technology of Chinese fir wood/Ca-MMT composite board is 20% PF resin dispersion concentration (wt%), 1.0 CEC amount of organic intercalation agent, 0.098 MPa vacuum degree, 5% concentration of Ca-MMT and 1.0 MPa pressure. 2) The WPG of the composite board samples of 450 mm length was much larger than that of the samples of 600, 750 and 900 mm length. Warm water extraction contributed little to WPG 相似文献
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Kouichi SETOYAMA 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2002,(4)
The effect of wood species (Chinese fir and Poplar), wood fiber content (10%, 25%, 40%) and wood fiber sizes (16 to 32 mesh, 32-65 mesh, above 65 mesh) on the properties of the wood fiber-Polypropylene composites were studied in this paper. The results indicate that the effect of wood fiber content and size in composite were more important than that of chosen wood species. Compared with polypropylene without wood fiber, the flexural strength of the composites increased when adding wood fiber into polypropylene, but the tensile and unnotched charpy impact strength decreased. And the above strength decreased with the wood fiber content increasing. When the wood fiber size becoming smaller (in higher mesh), the strength increased. In the comparison of wood species, the properties of composite using Chinese fir wood were better than that of Poplar, but not significant. The dynamic mechanical properties of the composites and PP were also tested and analyzed in this paper. 相似文献
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为了探索较佳的木束条尺寸,以提高杉木积成材的质量,研究了不同尺寸的杉木木束条对杉木积成材性能的影响规律,结果表明:木束条的长度对杉木积成材的纵向静曲强度、弹性模量、24h吸水厚度膨胀率有较大的影响;木束条的厚度对杉木积成材纵向静曲强度、弹性模量的影响不大,但对24h吸水厚度膨胀率、内结合强度有较大的影响;木束条的宽度对杉木积成材的物理力学性能影响极小,不存在统计意义上的影响;木束条的较佳尺寸为:长度120 mm,宽度4mm,厚度2.5 mm. 相似文献
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Jianxiong Lü Zhiyuan Lin Jiali Jiang Youke Zhao Jinghui Jiang Ruiqing Gao Yafang Yin 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2007,2(2):222-226
Chinese fir plantation sapwood and heartwood boards were treated by three drying methods: radio frequency-vacuum drying (RFVD),
conventional kiln drying (KD) and high temperature drying (HTD). The maximum amount of dyeing solution uptake by the capillary
rising method was used to evaluate the liquid penetration of the treated wood. The pit aspiration ratio was determined by
a semithin section method. Changes in wood microstructure were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The results
show that liquid penetration of Chinese fir sapwood after RFVD is significantly higher than that after KD and HTD. Liquid
penetration of Chinese fir heartwood after RFVD is higher than that after HTD. Liquid penetration of Chinese fir sapwood is
significantly higher than that of heartwood after three drying treatments. Low pit aspiration ratio and cracks of some bordered
pits are the main reasons for the increase in liquid penetration after RFVD treatment.
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Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2006, 42(10): 85–90 [译自: 林业科学] 相似文献
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对杉木素材与聚乙烯醇缩甲醛浸渍处理材的物理与力学性能进行了对比研究,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了改性剂在木材中的分布情况。结果表明:随着改性剂浓度的提高,改性材的气干密度和抗缩系数均逐渐提高,气干密度最大可达0.4 g/cm3,提高了5.7%,抗缩系数最大提高了18.8%;改性材的吸水率逐渐下降,最多下降了21.1%;当改性剂浓度为30%时,改性材的破坏极限和弹性模量分别提高了6.7%和35.3%;当改性剂浓度为15%时,静曲强度下降了9.9%。SEM结果表明,改性剂填充于部分木射线以及交错纤维间的空隙中。 相似文献
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杉木冷冻干燥材和气干材液体浸注性的比较研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
LU Jian-xiong LIN Zhi-yuan JIANG Jia-li JIANG Jing-hui 《林业研究》2005,16(4):293-295
A comparative study was conducted on liquid penetration of the freeze-drying and air-drying sapwood and heartwood lumber of plantation Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata). The maximum amount of dyeing solution uptake by the capillary rise method was used to evaluate the liquid penetration properties of the treated wood. The pit aspiration ratio was determined by semithin section method. Changes in wood microstructure were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that compared with air drying, the freeze drying had a significant effect on liquid penetration of sapwood and heartwood of Chinese fir. The liquid penetration of sapwood is significantly higher than that of the heartwood for both drying treatments. Low pit aspiration ratio and cracks of pits membrane of some bordered pits are the main reasons for increasing liquid penetration after freeze drying treatment. 相似文献
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概述了我国杉木遗传育种研究的进展,针对存在的问题提出了对策,以期推动杉木良种化的进程。建议今后在杉木的遗传育种方面加强以下5个方面的研究:杉木制浆造纸纤维用材育种研究,杉木装饰用材育种研究,杉木营养遗传育种研究,杉木种子园技术及优良材料的区域试验,杉木优良种质基因资源选择收集和第3代育种研究。 相似文献