中子星性质的模型依赖性

采用相对论平均场理论(RMFT)下的GL85,GL92,TM1和TM2等核物质参数组,研究了这些参数组对中子星的粒子数密度分布、状态方程及质量-半径关系的影响.结果表明,在不同的参数组下,超子出现的密度、顺序和种类均不同;状态方程的软硬情况也较大不同;中子星的引力质量和相应的半径有明显不同.计算结果也表明,采用GL85,TM1和TM2等参数组得到的中子星质量和半径均在脉冲星的观测数据范围内,而采用GL92参数组得到的中子星质量小于中子星质量下限1.4M⊙(M⊙=1.99×1030kg为太阳质量).     

关于X(3872)作为粲夸克偶素类四夸克态的色旋机制的进一步讨论

分析了四夸克态的不同耦合道的色旋组态及不同耦合道的色旋组态之间的变换,进而采用拟合介子和重子质量得到的参数,在夸克间的色旋耦合相互作用下计算了X(3872)作为粲夸克偶素类四夸克态(cqcq--)(q=u,d)的质量,并在色旋机制下对X(3872)作为双夸克一双反夸克态和分子态进行了讨论.

Abstract：

Color-spin configurations and transformations between color-spin configurations in different coupled channels are analyzed. The mass of X(3872) is estimated in the color-spin force with the parameters obtained by fitting the masses of mesons and baryons. The X(3872) is discussed as a diquark-diquark bound state and as a molecular state.     

四夸克态质量的一相对论夸克模型研究

考虑四夸克态是双夸克和双反夸克的束缚态, 在一相对论夸克模型下利用变分法计算了轻重四夸克态的质量. 采纳夸克-夸克及双夸克-双反夸克之间的相互作用为单胶子交换势与标量和矢量线性禁闭混合势的总和, 使用拟合基态介子质量得到的参数作为输入, 计算了0++的轻、重四夸克态的质量. 计算的结果支持X(3872), Y(3940)是含有粲夸克的0++重四夸克态;f0(600), κ(800), f0(980)和a0(980)是0++的轻四夸克态.     

奇异虉草和小子虉草生物学特性及其对小麦生长的影响和经济阈值研究

【目的】研究云南麦田虉草属2种外来入侵杂草奇异虉草Phalarisparadoxa L.和小子虉草Phalarisminor Retz.的生物学特性、对小麦的竞争性与危害性以及经济阈值,为了解和防控两种外来入侵杂草奠定基础。【方法】温室条件下,以小麦云选2号作为参照和受体植物,采用密度添加系列试验和模型拟合的方法,比较奇异虉草、小子虉草和云选2号的生物学特性差异,分析两种杂草对云选2号的竞争效应、产量性状影响以及经济阈值。【结果】营养生长阶段云选2号的株高、叶长和叶宽以及生长发育速度均显著大于奇异虉草和小子虉草,而生殖生长阶段奇异虉草和小子虉草的生长发育速度则快于云选2号,但三者的生育期却无较大差异,分别为:小子虉草(129.33d)云选2号(128.78d)奇异虉草(124.78d)。奇异虉草和小子虉草对云选2号的竞争作用与密度正相关,随着密度的增加,奇异虉草和小子虉草对云选2号的竞争能力逐渐增强,其中小子虉草的竞争能力强于奇异虉草。不同密度的奇异虉草和小子虉草与云选2号混种,云选2号的产量性状受到显著影响,通过回归分析,函数模型y=96.5687×(1-e-[(x+2.1672)/54.5604]^0.8220)和y=96.3346×(1-e-[(x+2.5306)/46.7132]^0.7918)可较好拟合不同密度奇异虉草和小子虉草与云选2号产量损失间关系。田间人工防除奇异虉草和小子虉草经济阈值分别为3.07和2.63株/m2,化学药剂精恶唑禾草灵(骠马,Fenoxaprop-ethyl,德国拜耳公司)防除奇异虉草和小子虉草经济阈值分别为1.71和1.61株/m2。【结论】温室条件下奇异虉草和小子虉草的生物学特性与小麦云选2号存在一定差异;奇异虉草和小子虉草对云选2号存在较强的竞争作用,与云选2号混种对小麦的产量性状产生显著影响。     

色夸克团模型下核子自旋结构的研究

考虑核子结构中可能存在的五夸克分量qqqqq,在组分夸克模型框架下对核子的自旋结构进行了研究.结果表明,在核子波函数中考虑了qqqqq分量后,核子中奇异夸克对自旋的贡献和极化中子的自旋分布与实验结果符合较好.     

玉米3个密度试验结果数学模型的构建

比较不同数学模型在3个密度试验结果上适用性,寻求玉米产量-密度的最优模型,为深入挖掘3密度试验信息提供理论依据.数据集包括3个密度89个数据集和4个密度128个数据集,均来自中国1950s至2000s六个年代间的玉米密度试验.通过省略次高或者次低密度的方法从4个密度数据集中导出两组3密度伪数据集.拟合的2参数——模型分别为无常数抛物线(PM2)和无常数指数乘积型(EPM2).对于真数据集,以模型是否存在极大值、参数的统计显著性、理论适宜密度是否越界进行逐级筛选淘汰.最终按照AIC准则决选最优模型.对于伪数据集,则分别比较PM2和EPM2与真数据集最优模型的相似程度,相似性大者获胜.在3个密度的真数据集中,符合AIC准则的PM2数据集最多有32个,比EPM2多21个.能够获得最优模型的数据集数目远小于数据集总数目的原因是理论最适密度越界.在3个密度的伪数据集中,PM2的试验最适密度、最高产量分别与真数据集最优模型的差异均最小.玉米3个密度处理试验数据集可以拟合数学模型,且最优模型是PM2,其次为EPM2.这些结果对于深入挖掘利用玉米3个密度试验结果的价值具有一定参考价值.     

奇异时滞系统对时滞参数的自适应控制

针对一类状态时滞奇异系统,研究状态反馈控制器的设计问题.基于Lyapunov稳定性理论和线性矩阵不等式(LMI)工具,当时滞常数精确已知时,设计带有记忆的状态反馈控制器,使得相应的闭环系统渐近稳定;当时滞常数不能精确已知时,通过求解相应的线性矩阵不等式,得到满足设计要求的对时滞参数的自适应控制器,使得时滞系统镇定.最后,仿真实例表明此方法的有效性.     

一类奇异半线性椭圆方程解的存在性

运用极小作用原理获得了奇异半线性椭圆Dirichlet边值问题:-Δu=u-γ+g(x, u) x∈Ω u＞0 x∈Ω u=0 x∈(e)Ω的一个存在性结果, 其中Ω(U)Rn(n≥3)是一个有界区域, γ是正常数.     

密度对大叶相思幼林地上竞争和地下竞争的影响

对不同密度大叶相思Acacia auriculaeformis幼林林木各器官(根、枝、叶、干)平均干质量、生物量及竞争进行了研究.结果表明,枝和叶干质量随着密度的增大呈减小趋势,低密度林分林木的干和根的平均干质量均大于中密度和高密度林分.低密度林分林木的平均个体干质量为干＞根＞叶＞枝,而中密度和高密度林分林木为干＞根＞枝＞叶.各密度林分林木的平均地上与地下干质量之比分别为3.51、4.66和4.40,说明幼苗对光具有较强的需求和竞争能力.林分生物量随着密度的增加而显著增加.地上竞争指数和总竞争指数为高密度林分＞中密度林分＞低密度林分,地下竞争指数为高密度林分＞低密度林分＞中密度林分.各林分的地上竞争指数明显大于地下竞争指数.苗木地上部分干质量与地下部分干质量之间及地上竞争指数与地下竞争指数之间呈极显著正相关.     

奇异超线性Emden-Fowler方程三点边值问题的正解

应用锥上不动点定理,给出了奇异超线性Emden-Fowler方程三点边值问题{x"(t)+a(t)xλ(t)=0,0＜t＜1x(0)=0,x(1)=kx(η)存在C[0,1]正解的充分必要条件.这里η∈(0,1)是常数,λ∈(1,∞),a∈C((0,1),[0,∞)).     

Determination of the equation of state of dense matter

Nuclear collisions can compress nuclear matter to densities achieved within neutron stars and within core-collapse supernovae. These dense states of matter exist momentarily before expanding. We analyzed the flow of matter to extract pressures in excess of 10(34) pascals, the highest recorded under laboratory-controlled conditions. Using these analyses, we rule out strongly repulsive nuclear equations of state from relativistic mean field theory and weakly repulsive equations of state with phase transitions at densities less than three times that of stable nuclei, but not equations of state softened at higher densities because of a transformation to quark matter.     

The quark-hadron transition in cosmology and astrophysics

A transition from normal hadronic matter (such as protons and neutrons) to quark-gluon matter is expected at both high temperatures and densities. In physical situations, this transition may occur in heavy ion collisions, the early universe, and in the cores of neutron stars. Astrophysics and cosmology can be greatly affected by such a phase transition. With regard to the early universe, big bang nucleosynthesis, the theory describing the primordial origin of the light elements, can be affected by inhomogeneities produced during the transition. A transition to quark matter in the interior by neutron stars further enhances our uncertainties regarding the equation of state of dense nuclear matter and neutron star properties such as the maximum mass and rotation frequencies.     

Scale for the phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics

Matter described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of strong interactions, may undergo phase transitions when its temperature and the chemical potentials are varied. QCD at finite temperature is studied in the laboratory by colliding heavy ions at varying beam energies. We present a test of QCD in the nonperturbative domain through a comparison of thermodynamic fluctuations predicted in lattice computations with the experimental data of baryon number distributions in high-energy heavy ion collisions. This study provides evidence for thermalization in these collisions and allows us to find the crossover temperature between normal nuclear matter and a deconfined phase called the quark gluon plasma. This value allows us to set a scale for the phase diagram of QCD.     

食用菌筒袋的循环利用模式——以丽水地区为例

随着人们需求的多样化和科技的不断进步,农业生产越来越依赖于薄膜的应用。大量的废弃所带来的环境污染及资源消耗的问题愈来愈受到重视。以浙江省丽水地区为例,从循环经济的角度探索食用菌筒袋的循环利用模式并分析其可行性。以期能对现实产生一定借鉴作用。     

The physics of neutron stars

Neutron stars are some of the densest manifestations of massive objects in the universe. They are ideal astrophysical laboratories for testing theories of dense matter physics and provide connections among nuclear physics, particle physics, and astrophysics. Neutron stars may exhibit conditions and phenomena not observed elsewhere, such as hyperon-dominated matter, deconfined quark matter, superfluidity and superconductivity with critical temperatures near 10(10) kelvin, opaqueness to neutrinos, and magnetic fields in excess of 10(13) Gauss. Here, we describe the formation, structure, internal composition, and evolution of neutron stars. Observations that include studies of pulsars in binary systems, thermal emission from isolated neutron stars, glitches from pulsars, and quasi-periodic oscillations from accreting neutron stars provide information about neutron star masses, radii, temperatures, ages, and internal compositions.     

Shedding light on baryonic dark matter

Halo dark matter, if it is baryonic, may plausibly consist of compact stellar remnants. Jeans mass clouds containing 10(6) to 10(8) solar masses could have efficiently formed stars in the early universe and could plausibly have generated, for a suitably top-heavy stellar initial mass function, a high abundance of neutron stars as well as a small admixture of long-lived low mass stars. Within the resulting clusters of dark remnants, which eventually are tidally disrupted when halos eventually form, captures of neutron stars by non-degenerate stars resulted in formation of close binaries. These evolve to produce, by the present epoch, an observable x-ray signal associated with dark matter aggregations in galaxy halos and galaxy cluster cores.     

果树木屑黑木耳袋栽基质研究

黑木耳产业对栎木资源的依赖是该产业发展和生态文明建设不相适应的突出表现,因而选取果树替代传统栎木是促进黑木耳产业绿色生态发展的潜在途径。本文选取苹果树木屑、桃树木屑、桔树木屑和核桃树木屑为黑木耳主要栽培基质,通过菌丝生长速度、菌丝密度、菌丝色泽以及锁状联合数目等指标考核最佳果木木屑袋栽基质。结果表明,黑木耳菌丝在桃树木屑袋料基质上生长最好,生长速度（5.62 mm/d）比对照组（5.24 mm/d）提高了7.25%;菌丝生长势较好,边缘整齐、浓密、色泽洁白且锁状联合数目较多;选取78%、82%、86%和90%等4个不同桃树木屑配比,通过不同袋料基质对桃树木屑黑木耳袋栽基质进行优化研究,最佳果木黑木耳袋栽基质配方为：桃树木屑78%、米糠19%、红糖1.5%、石膏粉1%、石灰粉0.5%,此时黑木耳菌丝的生长速度(10.06 mm/d)比对照组的生长速度(5.88 mm/d)提高了71.09%,且锁状联合数目最多。本研究结果表明,桃树可替代栎木进行黑木耳袋料栽培,为黑木耳产业的绿色高质量发展奠定基础。     

Is GRO J1744-28 a strange star?

The unusual hard x-ray burster GRO J1744-28 recently discovered by the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory can be modeled as a strange star with a dipolar magnetic field of 相似文献   

多孔膜袋水力特性研究

多孔膜袋技术是一种新提出的灌溉技术,可以减少棵间蒸发和深层渗漏,其压力分布情况是研究多孔膜袋水力问题的重要内容,直接影响多孔膜袋的出流均匀度。根据水力学基本原理建立多孔膜袋压力分布的数学模型,并对其相关系数进行分析。由能量守恒定律推求出多孔膜袋任一点处压强的计算公式,通过比较计算值与实测值可以认为计算值符合试验结果;用微元法推导了多孔膜袋沿程水头损失计算公式,通过比较实测值与计算值可以看出其变化趋势完全一致。