不同地理株柔嫩艾美耳球虫对地克珠利敏感性试验

进行了3个不同地理株的柔嫩艾美耳球虫(吉林株、山东株、黑龙江株)对地克珠利饮水剂的敏感性试验.分别给予试验组鸡1×105个孢子化柔嫩艾美耳球虫卵囊,感染后饮水给予地克珠利药物治疗.结果表明,3株球虫的敏感性不同,其敏感顺序为:山东株＞黑龙江株＞吉林株.由此可见,柔嫩艾美耳球虫不同地理株间存在对地克珠利的敏感性差异.     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫毒害艾美耳球虫变位艾美耳球虫交叉免疫试验

柔嫩艾美耳球虫毒害艾美耳球虫变位艾美耳球虫交叉免疫试验黄兵，赵其平，何林华，吴薛忠，陈兆国，史天卫（中国农科院上海家畜寄生虫病研究所，２００２３２）鸡感染球虫后会产生一种抵抗再次感染的免疫反应，这种免疫反应具有种的特异性，即感染某种球虫不能保护抵抗另...     

五种不同来源柔嫩艾美耳球虫耐药性虫株的检测

五种不同来源柔嫩艾美耳球虫耐药性虫株的检测秦建华，赵月兰，田勇，张明勇（张家口农业高等专科学校０７５１３１）国外，近年来对鸡球虫的耐药性进行了大量研究，为合理选择和正确使用抗球虫药以防治球虫病奠定了良好的基础。我国在这方面研究较少，实际用药过程中十分...     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫盐霉素耐药株的实验室诱导

为了研究耐药性柔嫩艾美耳球虫产生耐药性的机理,本研究在实验室条件下,采用药物浓度递增的方法,以15 mg/kg为起始诱导浓度,对柔嫩艾美耳球虫盐霉素耐药性进行诱导.经过10次传代,获得了对60 mg/kg盐霉素耐药的柔嫩艾美耳球虫虫株.以抗球虫指数、最适抗球虫活性百分率、病变记分减少率和相对卵囊产量四项指标综合判定柔嫩...     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫交叉抗药性试验

以雏鸡为试验对象,以抗球虫指数(ACI)为判断指标,检测5 mg/kg马杜霉素,70 mg/kg盐霉素,1 mg/kg 地克珠利对抗盐霉素株、抗地克珠利株和实验室保存的敏感株的控制效果。结果表明,马杜霉素对3 个虫株都有很好的抑杀效果,地克珠利也可有效地控制抗盐霉素株,同时,盐霉素也可有效地控制抗地克珠利株,说明盐霉素和地克珠利2种药物之间没有交叉抗药性。     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫果洛分离株的耐药性试验

雏鸡分组后人工感染果洛地区柔嫩艾美耳球虫分离株2.4×105个/只,分别采用地克珠利、氨丙啉、尼卡巴嗪、磺胺氯吡嗪钠、复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶等5种常用抗球虫药进行治疗观察,以POAA、RLS、ROP、ACI作为评定指标.结果表明,柔嫩艾美耳球虫果洛分离株对氨丙啉、地克珠利高度敏感,对尼卡巴嗪、磺胺氯吡嗪钠均产生不同程度的耐...     

13株柔嫩艾美耳球虫分离株对地克珠利及盐霉素耐药情况分析

为了解不同地区球虫对地克珠利(DIC)与盐霉素(SAL)的耐药情况,收集了来自江苏、山东、福建、安徽、河南地区共13个鸡场的球虫样本,对其进行了DIC与SAL的耐药性分析.试验时对每个虫株分别设药物防治组、感染不用药组和空白对照组,以抗球虫指数、病变记分减少率、相对卵囊产量、最适抗球虫活性百分率为指标进行综合评定.结果...     

尼卡巴嗪对鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫田间株的敏感性试验

以最适抗球虫活性百分率(POAA)、病变记分减少率(RLS)、相对卵囊产量(ROP)和抗球虫指数(ACI)为指标,检测了尼卡巴嗪对秦皇岛株和唐山株柔嫩艾美耳球虫的敏感性.结果表明,唐山株柔嫩艾美耳球虫对尼卡巴嗪无耐药性,秦皇岛株对其呈轻度耐药性.提示尼卡巴嗪在唐山和秦皇岛地区可以继续合理使用,但应控制用量和使用时间,以...     

5株柔嫩艾美耳球虫对4种抗球虫药的抗药性

选择260只19日龄雏鸡，随机分成26组，每组10只，研究柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E．tenella)南京株、凤阳株、扬州株、宣城株和蒙城株对地克珠利(Diclazuril)、马杜霉素(Maduramicin)、氯羟吡啶(C1opido1)、氯苯胍(Robenidine)的抗药性。每株球虫均设4个感染用药组、1个感染不用药组，另外设1个不感染不用药组。以POAA、RLS、ROP、ACI作为指标，判定5株球虫对4种药物的抗药性。结果表明凤阳株、扬州株和蒙城株分别仅对马杜霉素、氯苯胍、地克珠利敏感，南京株和宣城株对该4种药物均已产生不同程度的抗药性。提示目前在凤阳、扬州和蒙城地区可分别合理地使用马杜霉素、氯苯胍和地克珠利，对其它药物须减少或暂停使用。     

Field isolates of Eimeria resistant to arprinocid

Twenty-four field isolates of Eimeria spp. which included Eimeria acervulina, E. praecox and E. mivati were tested for sensitivity to arprinocid included in the diet at 60 ppm. Twelve isolates from sites where arprinocid had been use for 5-7 successive flocks were resistant to the drug, whereas 12 isolates from sites where arprinocid had never been used were sensitive. These results indicate that resistance had been acquired as a result of the use of arprinocid in the field.     

Efficacy of decoquinate against drug sensitive laboratory strains of Eimeria tenella and field isolates of Eimeria spp. in broiler chickens in China

The efficacy of decoquinate against Eimeria infections in broiler chickens was evaluated using two drug sensitive laboratory strains of Eimeria tenella and 20 field isolates of Eimeria spp. collected from farms in China where various anticoccidials (including maduramicin) had been used. Decoquinate (20-40 ppm in feed) and maduramicin (5 ppm) were efficacious against E. tenella laboratory strains, but decoquinate more so than maduramicin. Body weight gains of E. tenella infected chickens were significantly improved, and caecal lesions were prevented, by feeding either decoquinate or maduramicin. Decoquinate also prevented oocyst production, but maduramicin did not. Most (18/20) Eimeria field isolates were resistant to maduramicin, judged by oocyst production; decoquinate at > or =20 ppm completely controlled all 20 field isolates. Decoquinate has potential value as a broiler anticoccidial in China and other countries where it has not been previously used.     

鸡艾美耳球虫哈尔滨株的分离与鉴定

为研究鸡艾美耳球虫哈尔滨株单一虫种的生物学特性,本研究利用单卵囊分离技术分离了6种鸡艾美耳球虫哈尔滨株,用分离的单卵囊接种雏鸡,同时应用PCR方法对收集的单卵囊分离株进行球虫种类鉴定并进行同源性和系统进化分析.结果显示,分离得到的6株鸡艾美耳球虫分别为柔嫩艾美耳球虫、毒害艾美耳球虫、堆型艾美耳球虫、早熟艾美耳球虫、和缓艾美耳球虫和布氏艾美耳球虫,PCR结果表明单卵囊分离株确为该6种纯株.本研究表明毛细吸管单卵囊分离法简便易行,使接种难度降低,提高了接种成功率,为球虫的分子生物学研究奠定了基础.     

Isolation and pathogenicity of Australian strains of Eimeria praecox and Eimeria mitis

Objective To determine the presence of E praecox and E mitis in Australia, to isolate representative strains of these species from chickens and determine their pathogenicity.
Design Morphological, physiological and cross protection studies were undertaken to confirm the identity of Australian isolates of E praecox and E mitis.
Procedure Oocysts were isolated from a backyard flock at Jimboomba, southeastern Queensland and numbers of E praecox and E mitis enriched by passage in chickens immune to five other species of poultry Eimeria . Oocysts of mean conformation and size of the two species were purified by single oocyst passage. Two isolates that closely matched recorded parameters for E praecox and E mitis were selected and designated JP and JM respectively. The cross protection between the isolates and E acervulina was determined by infection and challenge experiments. The virulence of the two isolates was determined by comparing weight gains of groups of birds inoculated with JP isolate or JM isolate with untreated groups.
Results Isolates JP and JM most closely matched recorded parameters of E praecox and E mitis respectively. Groups of chickens, previously infected with JP and JM isolates, showed no significant protection against infection with E acervulina . In a separate trial, groups of susceptible chickens inoculated with 10⁵ oocysts of JP and JM isolates showed significantly reduced weight gains compared with untreated controls.
Conclusion Isolates JP and JM are E praecox and E mitis respectively, confirming the presence of these species in Australia. These isolates were found capable of causing significant reductions in weight gains in susceptible chickens.     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫杂交株对亲本株的免疫保护性研究

为探讨柔嫩艾美耳球虫杂交株对亲本株的免疫保护性,本研究用柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)杂交株及其亲本广州株、长春株、黑龙江株分别对AA肉鸡进行免疫和攻虫,通过OPG计数、粪便计分、盲肠病变计分、增重测定和保护率等指标评价免疫保护效果。结果表明E.tenella杂交株对其亲本广州株、长春株、黑龙江株的感染具有较强的免疫保护效果,保护率分别为83.9%、79.1%和81.2%;杂交株免疫肉鸡的盲肠病变计分和粪便计分显著低于广州株、长春株和黑龙江株(p0.05)。杂交株免疫后的肉鸡再用亲本株攻虫,采血进行CD4+T、CD8+T细胞检测,结果杂交株能引起两种T细胞数量增加,表明CD4+T、CD8+T细胞在球虫免疫中起着重要作用。