Laboratory evaluation of commercial hyaluronate sodium products

Eight commercial equine products which utilize hyaluronate sodium as the active ingredient were tested by various means of chemical analysis. These laboratory tests revealed a considerable variation among the eight products tested. Hyaluronic acid concentration for one product was labeled as 5 mg/mL; the other 7 products were labeled as containing 10 mg/ml. Protein concentration varied from 3.33 to 13.83 ppm, intrinsic viscosity varied from 246 to 3978 ml/g, kinematic viscosity varied from 10.3 to 30375 centipoise, and molecular weights were from 82,000 to 2,650,000.     

透明质酸钠对犬膀胱炎的疗效研究

为了研究透明质酸钠对犬膀胱炎的治疗效果,选用60只雌性中华田园犬,随机分为5组,每组12只,A组为空白对照,B组为膀胱炎阳性对照组,C、D、E组使用75%酒精(0.6 m L/kg)灌注损伤犬的膀胱黏膜,再用0.08 mg/m L透明质酸钠溶液膀胱内灌注进行治疗(C组灌注1次,D组灌注2次,E组灌注3次),并检测犬血液及尿液指标,观察黏膜损伤范围及炎症浸润情况,免疫组织化学法检测热休克蛋白60(HSP60)在膀胱黏膜中的表达。结果显示:酒精可损伤犬膀胱黏膜及黏膜下层建立犬膀胱炎模型;试验第6天,经2次以上透明质酸钠灌注(D、E组)后,犬膀胱炎症状明显好转,黏膜快速修复,C-反应蛋白(CRP)及HSP60表达水平与B和C组相比显著下降(P0.05)。结果表明:膀胱灌注透明质酸钠对犬非细菌性膀胱炎有良好的治疗效果,且灌注2次透明质酸钠对于膀胱黏膜损伤的修复效果最明显。     

Chylous effusions revisited

Varying terms and criteria have been used in the veterinary literature to characterize milky opaque pleural effusions through the years. This article addresses ideas widely repeated in the veterinary and human literature upon which time, experience, diagnostic techniques, experimental data, and improved understanding of pathogenesis have cast doubt. Topics discussed include terminology, pathogenesis of chylous and pseudochylous effusions, criteria for differentiation of chylous from pseudochylous effusions, and clinicopathologic changes associated with drainage of chylous effusions.     

Determination of concentration of hyaluronate in equine serum

Concentration of hyaluronate (HA) in equine serum was determined by a recently developed specific radioassay. The mean +/- SD HA concentration in equine serum was 288 +/- 145 micrograms/L, was age dependent, and varied widely between horses (range, 190 to 760 micrograms/L). Light or moderate exercise increased serum HA concentration from baseline values by 1.5- to 3-fold. In all horses, serum HA concentration returned to or below the original resting values 1 and 2 hours after exercise.