《草坪绿地规划设计与建植管理》介绍

由孙吉雄教授主编的《草坪绿地规划设计与建植管理》一书 ,已于 2 0 0 2年 4月由科学技术文献出版社出版发行。《草坪绿地规划设计与建植管理》是在草坪学和园林规划学母体上产生的新型学科 ,他由草坪与环境、草坪绿地规划设计、草坪建植管理和草坪工程质量监理与评定四部分组成。他利用系统生态学的理论 ,园林配置的艺术 ,园林绿化工程施工的规范与技术 ,草坪建植养护管理的知识 ,将草坪、地被等植物性材料合理配置 ,保持于人类生活空间之中的一门艺术 ,有着丰富的学科背景。包涵草坪学特色 ,体现园林规划艺术精华 ,具有实用价值技术 ,这是…     

滑草场建设、管理的理论与实践

以高夫园林实业有限公司尔康苑滑草场建植与管理为例,概述了滑草场的建植和管理技术.滑草场草坪的建植主要包括基础调查、场地准备、选择草坪草草种和确定草种组合、草坪栽植过程和幼坪的养护管理5个主要环节;滑草场的管理主要包括草坪的水肥管理、病虫害管理以及常见杂草的防除等方面.总结分析了滑草场草坪的建植和管理技术及经验,并通过对草坪管理现状的连续监测结果,分析影响草坪质量的因素,提出相应对策,为今后滑草场的建植和管理提供参考.     

长沙贺龙体育中心足球场草坪建植与质量评价

根据标准化足球场草坪对坪床和草坪草的要求及长沙市气候、土壤特点,选用2种冷季型草坪草以混播方式建植了湖南省长沙贺龙体育中心国际标准足球场草坪。根据此次高标准草坪建植养护的成功经验,在我国南方地区建植国际标准足球场的草种选择、坪床配方、草坪建植技术、建坪后的养护管理等方面总结出了草坪过渡带地区足球场草坪建植的技术规范,为今后建植高标准的足球场草坪提供了有益的借鉴。     

东北寒冷地区冷地型草坪建植及养护管理

着重介绍了东北寒冷地区冷地型草坪的建植及养护管理技术,主要从坪床准备、草种选择、草种合理混播、草坪建植、草坪的养护管理等方面进行了阐述。为东北乃至整个寒冷地区建植草坪提供了参考。     

冷季型运动场草坪的移栽建植技术研究

通过对成都全兴足球俱乐部足球训练场用移植冷季型草皮的方式建植草坪的实践,就如何快速建植优质、耐用的运动场草坪的设计、施工、管理等技术要点和关键技术措施进行了系统的研究。     

冷季型运动型草坪的移栽建植技术研究

通过对成都全光足球俱乐部足球训练场用移植冷季型草皮的方式建植草坪的实践，就如何快速建植优质、耐用的运动场草坪的设计、施工、管理等技术要点和关键技术措施进行了系统的研究。     

康定城区草坪建植与管理

依据近年来康定城区草坪建植经验 ,对康定城区高寒生境条件下草坪建植从草种的选择、草坪建植技术、管理措施等进行了论述。     

冷暖季型草坪混播技术研究Ⅰ建植技术与养护管理

冷、暖季型草坪混播为过渡地区草坪建植的一种新尝试.在成功建植实践的基础上,提出了冷暖混播的技术要点及管理日志,并总结了一套相应的建植技术和养护管理方法,以期为过渡地区草坪建植提供理论依据和实践经验,达到延长草坪绿期、保持四季平衡、改善草坪品质、提高坪用质量的目的.     

网格草坪的建植技术

网格草坪是指在地面上铺设地砖,地砖中留出一些形状、大小系统排列整齐的空隙,在这些空隙内种植的草坪。这类草坪也叫停车场草坪、草坪砖草坪、镶嵌草坪等。在建植过程中会因建植方法的不同或某些技术环节的处理不同而使得建成的草坪品质差异较大。笔者通过多年的实践和观察,总结出该类草坪理想的建植方法是草坪卷移植法,在建植中较为关键的技术环节是填补孔隙边缘和打通隔离层。     

大型公共绿地草坪建植与管理技术探讨

以四川雅安市休闲音乐广场的草坪建植与管理为例,总结分析了亚热带气候、土壤条件下大型公共绿地草坪建植与管理技术及施工经验;并通过对草坪管理现状的连续监测结果,评价了草坪质量现状,分析了影响草坪质量的因素;提出了防止草坪退化的对策和措施。     

建立动态饲料数据库的意义及方法

在配合饲料前获得准确的饲料原料的营养价值对高效的动物生产至关重要。由于当前缺乏快速而廉价的饲料检测技术,营养学家和畜禽生产者都依据饲料数据库对原料的营养价值进行估测。但是现有的饲料数据库中存在信息不完全,过时或者参考的价值有限等问题。畜牧业需要一个包含大量的饲料原料营养价值的动态数据库。这种数据库可以通过低成本饲料配方提高饲料的利用效率。通过建立这类数据库,研究人员也可以挖掘饲料原料的营养价值及其影响因素。这种动态数据库同时可以作为一种参考数据库用于比较各种饲料原料的营养价值。     

Computer-based information system (CliniTox) for the management of poisoning in small animals

Because cases of poisoning are observed rarely, veterinary practitioners have only limited knowledge of clinical toxicology and may face considerable problems in handling toxicological emergencies. In this report, we describe a novel decision support system for the management of poisonings in companion animals that provides rapid access to the current knowledge of clinical toxicology. For that purpose, relevant reports from the peer-reviewed literature were evaluated and organised according to the requirements of a structured database. The information provided for each toxic substance includes a summary of its chemical and physical properties, sources, commercial uses or natural occurrences, toxicokinetic data, mechanisms of action, threshold doses, clinical symptoms with brief case reports, sampling and analytical results, post-mortem findings, differential diagnoses, therapeutic guidelines and references to the literature. This decision support system has been programmed with two user-friendly search functions: a search tool that allows to choose clinical symptoms, and another function that serves to find a substance using its chemical name, the class of compounds to wich it belongs, a possible source or one of its main applications. CliniTox can be accessed directly via our webserver (http://www.clinitox.ch).     

基于决策树方法的青藏高原温泉区域高寒草地植被分类研究

植被指数作为植被生长状态的最佳指示因子,已成为植被分类的重要手段之一。为了解青藏高原温泉区域高寒草地植被的分布状况,利用野外样方调查获得植被点数据,结合MODIS/EVI遥感影像数据及数字高程（DEM）数据,综合分析各种高寒草地植被类型的EVI时序曲线特征及其生长环境的高程、坡度和坡向等地形特征,建立知识库并采用决策树分类算法对该区域的高寒草地植被分类进行研究。结果表明,总体分类精度为72%,Kappa系数是0.6,决策树方法能有效地分类和识别具有相似EVI时序特征的高寒草地植被。     

Development of a decision support system for trypanocidal drug control of bovine trypanosomosis in Africa

During this century livestock production has increased massively through the improved ability to diagnose, treat, control and prevent certain diseases. Despite these advances, disease remains a major constraint to livestock production and welfare throughout the world. In many instances, this is a result of failure to properly apply methods that are already available. TrypsChemo is an expert system that attempts to aid the application of veterinary knowledge to disease management. It has been designed to maximise the effectiveness and cost efficiency of the different trypanocidal drug regimens currently available for prophylaxis and treatment of tsetse-transmitted bovine trypanosomosis in Africa. This paper describes the design of TrypsChemo, the properties of the system, and illustrates how it can be used to support decision making for trypanocidal drug control. The system is currently undergoing a structured evaluation by potential users in Africa.     

甘肃省草业开发专家系统的结构与功能

系统地分析、设计了甘肃省草业开发专家系统的总体结构，详细地讨论了数据库、知识库和模型库的基本内容以及系统应具备的主要功能。以3S技术和国际互联网络为基础的草业开发专家系统，可以将近年来草业专家积累的知识、经验和技术，以文本、图形、图像和视频等多媒体信息集成的方式集中展示在用户面前，并可动态更新系统内容，对指导我国西部地区生态环境建设与草业开发均具有重要的意义。     

基于“3S”的甘肃省苜蓿病害诊断专家系统的知识获取与表示

知识获取和知识表示是构建专家系统的核心环节。在知识获取方面采用了基于“3S”（地理信息系统GIS、遥感RS、全球定位系统GPS）的半自动获取方式，这一方式结合了人工获取和自动获取的优势，提高了苜蓿Medicago spp.病害诊断的准确性。同时，应用“3S”技术把传统的关系数据库与具有空间属性的矢量数据关联起来，生成具空间属性的新知识库，增强了苜蓿病害诊断的可靠性，更加有利于苜蓿病害知识库的及时更新。在知识表示方面，则采用传统的产生式(If-Then)表示法，表示方式自然、简洁，易于广大基层农业人员所理解和接受，增强了苜蓿病害诊断专家系统实用性，有利于苜蓿病害诊断专家系统的推广应用，进而促进苜蓿产业的快速发展。     

Decision support system for overall welfare assessment in pregnant sows B: validation by expert opinion

This paper examines the validity of a model that is embedded in a computer-based decision support system to assess the welfare status of pregnant sows in housing and management systems. The so-called SOWEL (SOw WELfare) model was constructed using a formalized procedure to identify and weight welfare-relevant attributes of housing systems in relation to the animal's needs, and evidenced by scientific statements collected in a database. The model's predictions about welfare scores for 15 different housing systems and weighting factors for 20 attributes were compared with expert opinion, which was solicited using a written questionnaire for pig-welfare scientists. The experts identified tethering and individual housing in stalls as low welfare systems. The group of midwelfare systems contained indoor group-housing systems and an individual-housing system with additional space and substrate. The five best systems were all systems with outdoor access and the provision of some kind of substrate such as straw. The highest weighting factors were given for the attributes "social contact," "health and hygiene status," "water availability," "space per pen," "foraging and bulk," "food agonism," "rooting substrate," "social stability," and "movement comfort." The degree of concordance among the experts was reasonable for welfare scores of housing systems, but low for weighting factors of attributes. Both for welfare scores and weighting factors the model correlated significantly with expert opinion (Spearman's Rho: 0.92, P < 0.001, and 0.72, P < 0.01, respectively). The results support the validity of the model and its underlying procedure to assess farm-animal welfare in an explicit and systematic way based on available scientific knowledge.     

奶牛肢蹄病辅助诊断专家系统的设计与实现

本研究旨在辅助基层奶牛养殖人员对奶牛肢蹄病的诊断，提高奶牛肢蹄病的诊疗水平。通过模拟兽医临床诊断思维，采用带有阈值的知识不确定性表达方法，应用置信系数多值逻辑对知识模糊性进行评价。借助C#开发语言、ASP.NET操作平台及SQL Server 2008r2数据库管理工具，设计基于B/S结构的奶牛肢蹄病辅助诊断专家系统。该系统实现对奶牛肢蹄疾病的正向诊断、反向诊断和鉴别诊断及对奶牛肢蹄疾病的病历管理、知识查询等功能。利用该系统可有效提高基层养殖人员对奶牛肢蹄病的诊断与治疗水平。     

The use of a geographical information system in the management of a foot-and-mouth disease epidemic

A decision support system for managing a foot-and-mouth disease epidemic is being developed at Massey University on behalf of the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. The system will comprise a variety of computer technologies, including a database management system, a geographic information system, a spatial simulation model of foot-and-mouth disease and a number of expert systems.