Arterial supply of the superior cervical ganglion in the guinea-pig (Cavia porcellus)

The vascularization of the cranial cervical ganglion [superior cervical ganglion (SCG)] of 10 adult guinea-pigs (Cavia porcellus) was investigated by latex injection and dissection techniques. Compared with other species, there were differences in the arterial supply of SCG and in the number of branches originating from these vessels. The SCG received arterial blood from branches of the ascending pharyngeal and internal carotid arteries. In addition, it was demonstrated that the superior thyroid and occipital arteries contribute rarely to the vascularization of the SCG.     

The gross anatomy of the cranial cervical ganglion and its branches in the bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus)

Ten specimens of the head and neck of the Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) were dissected to study the situation, arrangement and branches of the cranial cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale craniale). The ganglion was a greyish fusiform structure, averaging 15–20 mm in length, 4–6 mm in width and 3 mm in thickness, located on the rostro-lateral surface of the longus capitis and covered by the mandibular gland. The branches of the cranial cervical ganglion included the internal carotid nerve, external carotid nerve, jugular nerve and the branches connecting with the glossopharyngeal, vagus, hypoglossal and first cervical nerves.     

Comparative renal anatomy of exotic species.

All living organisms consume nutrients that are required for the production of both tissue and energy. The waste products of this process include nitrogenous materials and inorganic salts. They are removed from the body by excretory organs, which in vertebrate shave developed into kidneys and into salt glands in some birds and reptiles. Many invertebrates use a series of excretory organs called nephridia to perform the same function. Even though they perform similar functions, there is no evolutionary connection between invertebrate nephridia and vertebrate kidneys. Both evolved independently.     

Comparative studies on the antigenicity of extra- and intracellular viruses of fowl pox.

The intra- and extracellular virus of three strains of fowl pox virus, when precipitated in succession with different saturation of ammonium sulphate revealed three antigens in gel diffusion test in the precipitates obtained at 25%, 50% and 75% of saturation. Further analysis of each positive antigen by dot ELISA revealed that the extracellular virus of FS-8 and HP 1 strains possessed excess antigenic protein at 50% saturation compared to their intracellular viruses. While no difference between extra- and intracellular viruses of FS-4 strain was observed.