抗性树种在园林中的应用

针对各种不良环境因子 ,分类介绍了相应的抗性树种及其园林用途。     

苔藓植物的生态功能及其在园林中的应用

苔藓是世界上分布最广的植物之一,常生长在潮湿地带,遍布森林、温地、沼泽与山脉。介绍了苔藓在园林中的应用途径:可以专类园、小庭院、湿地原始生态景观、屋顶花园、微缩景观、室内园艺、污染环境绿化等形式应用。对推广苔藓植物在园林中的应用有指导意义。     

双向电泳技术及其在植物抗性研究中的应用

双向电泳技术是蛋白质组学研究中的核心技术之一,其作为高效、高分辨率的蛋白分析手段,在现代生命科学研究中扮演着重要的角色。本文主要对其基本原理、特点以及在植物抗性研究中的应用作了简要介绍,并对其今后的发展方向作了展望。     

麻栎无性系对干旱胁迫的抗性研究

采用盆栽试验方法,研究干旱胁迫下13个1a生麻栎(Quercus acutissima Carruth.)无性系的生理生化特性,并用隶属函数法对其抗旱性进行了综合评价。结果表明:参试麻栎无性系的叶片相对含水量随着干旱胁迫的加重而逐渐下降。叶片失水曲线呈现的规律性较为一致,轻度干旱胁迫下,失水量先增大后减小,中度干旱时,失水量一直下降或先增后降,重度干旱时,失水量总体曲线呈下降趋势。SOD活性随土壤干旱胁迫的加剧先增大后下降或一直下降,而各无性系可溶性糖含量的变化规律不一。综合评价得出麻栎无性系7、5、13、15和11号具有较强的耐旱能力。     

生物技术在林木抗性育种中的应用

本文综述了林木抗性育种领域生物技术研究、应用现状，并对生物技术在应用方面存在的问题及其发展前景进行了探讨。     

花卉在园林中的应用

广义的花卉是指有观赏价值的草本植物和灌木以及小乔木,如梅花、碧桃、木兰、山茶等;狭义的花卉仅指草本的观赏植物。花卉有观赏价值的范围包括花、果、叶及茎各部分。分布于温暖地区的高大乔木,移至北方做温室盆栽观赏时,往往亦列入花卉之内,如白兰、印度橡皮树、广玉兰、菩提树及各种棕榈科植物等等。 在园林绿地中,除了乔灌木的栽植和建筑、道路等必需的构筑物外,其它空旷地、林下、坡地等,都要     

波斯菊在园林绿化中的应用

文章通过对波斯菊在园林中应用的介绍,分析波斯菊的形态特性,观赏性状和栽培特性等,并就其在辽宁园林应用中存在的问题和应用方式进行了分析,为波斯菊进一步在园林中推广应用提供了借鉴依据.     

景石在园林中的应用

景石是园林造景的主要材料之一。从应用的角度,论述了景石在园林中的作用、常用景石的种类、特性及其在园林中常用的布置方法,并指出现代园林置石造景存在的一些问题,以及解决现存问题的方法。     

野草在园林中的应用

分析了野草的特点、观赏习性,探讨了野草在园林中的应用形式、适用的场所,提出了野草应用的建议及可以选择的野草种类等。指出了野草的自然、野趣能够满足人们的审美需求,将在园林中具有十分广阔的应用前景。     

水团花扦插繁殖试验

为尽快解决制约水团花发展的种苗问题,于2003年在厦门市同安区林业局上埔苗圃的联栋大棚内进行了APT1号生根粉7种不同浓度及6种不同扦插基质的水团花扦插育苗试验,结果为生长激素以400~500mg.kg-1ABT1号生根粉处理效果最好,以红心土+火烧土、红心土+河沙、红心土+腐殖质土为佳。     

水杨梅等5个树种造林耐水性比较试验

在太湖滩地采用水杨梅、光蜡树、水杉、池杉和柳树（对照）进行耐水性比较试验,结果表明：（1）在淹水深度10.0～30.0 cm、连续淹水时间40 d,水杨梅和柳树（对照）的成活率分别为100%和99.5%,光蜡树、水杉和池杉的成活率分别为19.5%,30.2%和31.1%。（2）水杨梅的耐淹水能力略高于柳树（对照）,水杨梅的生长势和生长量一切正常,且叶色翠绿。     

浅谈植物生态学在湿地恢复过程中的作用

湿地在保护生物多样性等方面具有不可或缺的作用。如何通过风景园林生态性规划来解决生态问题,并且抑制这些趋势的不断蔓延成了当务之急。本文将阐述植物生态学在湿地恢复中起到的重要作用,以及植物生态学对风景园林规划设计所起到的指导作用。     

四川省生态环境恢复与重建中发展人工用材林的前景及对策

分析天然林保护工程实施后四川省林材资源的供应状况，论述发展人工用材林的可行性，提出了几种相应的发展模式。     

吉林省森林生态建设面临的问题和对策(英文)

吉林省是我国重要林业省份,本文分析了吉林省生态建设现状和趋势,揭示了所面临的生态与经济问题。将吉林省划分为三个经济区：中西部农牧区、东部低山丘陵多种经营区和长白山国有林区。讨论了每个区的生态建设、发展方向和任务,并对该省的林业生态可持续发展提出了对策和建议。     

The restoration of research

Research per se is a highly heterogeneous activity with a variety of objectives, actors and stakeholders, and a range of mechanisms to enhance collaboration while minimizing cost and unnecessary duplication. There is an urgent need to disseminate the results of research in forms that can be understood by policy-makers, administrators, the media and the public as well as by resource managers and peer scientists.To be effective, research itself needs to be restored. It must be both proactive and reactive to policy and public issues and use modern techniques of information technology and networking. Current human demands on forests for social, environmental and economic benefits require new, interdisciplinary approaches to research and rapid implementation of relevant results by appropriate stakeholders.In this paper, the extents, rates and causes of deforestation are identified together with the criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management that have specific relevance to restoration of site productivity. The changes in forest policies and management objectives over the second half of the 20th century are described and it is recognized that the role of forests as global resources may conflict with national sovereignty.     

Evolution of soil microbial biomass in restoration process of Robinia pseudoacacia plantations in an eroded environment

Vegetation recovery is a key measure to improve ecosystems in the Loess Plateau in China. To understand the evolution of soil microorganisms in forest plantations in the hilly areas of the Loess Plateau, the soil microbial biomass, microbial respiration and physical and chemical properties of the soil of Robinia pseudoacacia plantations were studied. In this study, eight forest soils of different age classes were used to study the evolution of soil microbial biomass, while a farmland and a native forest community of Platycladus orientalis L. were chosen as controls. By measuring soil microbial biomass, metabolic quotient, and physical and chemical properties, it can be concluded that soil quality was improved steadily after planting. Soil microbial biomass of C, N and P (SMBC, SMBN and SMBP) increased significantly after 10 to 15 years of afforestation and vegetation recovery. A relatively stable state of soil microbial biomass was maintained in near-mature or mature plantations. There was an increase of soil microbial biomass appearing at the end of the mature stage. After 50 years of afforestation and vegetation recovery, compared with those in farmland, the soil microbial biomass of C, N and P increased by 213%, 201% and 83% respectively, but only accounting for 51%, 55% and 61% of the increase in P. orientalis forest. Microbial soil respiration was enhanced in the early stages, and then weakened in the later stage after restoration, which was different from the change of soil organic carbon. The metabolic quotient (qCO₂) was significantly higher in the soils of the P. orientalis forest than that in farmland at the early restoration stage and then decreased rapidly. After 25 years of afforestation and vegetation recovery, qCO₂ in soils of the R. pseudoacacia forest was lower than that in the farmland soil, and reached a minimum after 50 years, which was close to that of the P. orientalis forest. A significant relationship was found among soil microbial biomass, qCO₂ and physical and chemical properties and restoration duration. Therefore, we conclude that it is possible to artificially improve the ecological environment and soil quality in the hilly area of the Loess Plateau; a long time, even more than 100 years, is needed to reach the climax of the present natural forest. __________ Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(3): 909–917 [译自: 生态学报]     

农田防护林的综合效益及对环境质量作用的分析

通过对榆树市农田防护林作用的调查,说明防护林不仅有生产木材和林副产品的直接经济效益,而且还具有涵养水源、保持水土、防风固沙、调节气候、净化空气、减少噪音、防止污染、美化环境等改善生态的综合作用和显著的生态效益及社会效益.     

钙-钙调素对中东杨扦插苗的诱导抗冻作用

以零下低温锻炼和结合效应剂（CaCl2、钙离子螯合剂EGTA、钙离子通道阻断剂LaCl3或钙调素拮抗剂CPE）处理的低温锻炼下的中东扬扦插苗为试材，对其体内丙二醛（MDA）及钙调素CaM含量，SOD、POD及线粒体Ca^2-＋ATPase活性分别进行测定。结果表明，低温锻炼不仅在一定程度下提高了幼苗CaM含量，提高了SOD、POD和Ca^2＋-ATPase活性，降低了MDA含量；而且减少了低温胁迫所引起的SOD、POD，Ca^2＋＋ATPase和CaM含量的下降程度以及MDA的增加幅度。在低温锻炼的同时。用CaCl2处理能加强低温锻炼的效果，但这种效应可被EGTA、LaCl3或CPZ处理抑制。经低温锻炼后，幼苗中的CaM含量的增加有助于SOD、POD和线粒体Ca^2＋-ATPase活性的提高，进而对幼苗抗冻性的提高有明显的促进作用。     

The role of herbicide in savanna restoration: Effects of shrub reduction treatments on the understory and overstory of a longleaf pine flatwoods

Woody plant encroachment is a threat to savanna ecosystems worldwide. By exploiting differences in the physiology and seasonality of herbaceous species and encroaching hardwoods, herbicides can be used to control woody shrubs in savannas without causing lasting harm to desirable vegetation. We applied three herbicides and one tank mix to control shrubs following removal of the slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) canopy and replanting with container-grown longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) seedlings in a mesic-wet savanna in the southeastern USA. The herbicides tested were imazapyr, sulfometuron methyl, hexazinone, and a hexazinone + sulfometuron methyl tank mix. 4 years after application, no negative effects on understory species richness, diversity, evenness, or community composition were evident in any of the herbicide treatments. Oaks (Quercus spp.), one of the dominant shrub genera on the study site, were resistant to sulfometuron methyl, and this herbicide was therefore ineffective both as a pine release treatment and for enhancing herbaceous species cover. Imazapyr was the most effective treatment overall, leading to significant improvements in longleaf pine seedling growth and also enhancing herbaceous species cover. Both hexazinone and the hexazinone + sulfometuron methyl tank mix provided some seedling growth and understory enhancement as well. In particular, the tank mix significantly increased wiregrass cover relative to the control. Shrubs resprouted quickly following a dormant-season prescribed fire in the fifth year after treatment, indicating that herbicide-related increases in herbaceous cover may be lost if an aggressive prescribed fire program is not implemented.