旋毛虫病McAb快速ELISA诊断盒的研制与应用

本研究建立了ＭｃＡｂ快速诊断猪旋毛虫病的ＥＬＩＳＡ试剂盒，应用旋毛虫单克隆抗体系和层析纯化抗原（ＰＡＡ）与旋毛虫肌幼虫排泄－分泌抗（ＥＳ）作常规ＥＬＩＳＡ平行检测６１头人工感染旋毛虫病猪血样，阳性率均为１００％，检测健康猪血样１０８２头，阴性率也为１００％，检测疫区自然感染猪血样１２５３头，阳性率分别为１．４４％和１．１２％，随机抽采１７５头猪血样和肉样作旋毛虫病消化法，常规法和快速法对比试验，诊     

猪旋毛虫病疫苗后海穴免疫研究

本项目对猪旋毛虫病成虫可溶性抗原疫苗经后海穴免疫注射的效果进行了研究。大鼠经口感染旋毛虫肌幼虫后３或７ｄ剖杀，收集成虫。经超声粉碎、高速离心制备成虫可溶性抗原。将抗原与等体积ＦＣＡ乳化，按０．２５ｍｇ／头及０．５０ｍｇ／头的抗原量分别进行后海穴注射（ＡＰ）及腹腔注射（ＩＰ），免疫猪只，使之经受旋毛虫的实验室攻击感染及自然感染。结果表明，３日龄及７日龄成虫可溶性抗原的免疫原性基本一致。采用后海穴注射     

二种方法检测猪传染性胃肠炎病毒抗体的比较

分别用血清中和（ＳＮ）试验和单克隆抗体（ＴＧＥｍＡｂ和ＴＧＥ／ＰＲＣＶｍＡｂ）阻断酶联免疫吸附试验（Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）对８１头美国进口猪血清作猪传染性胃肠炎（ＴＧＥ）抗体检测。ＳＮ试验检出７份阳性血清，检出率为８．６４％；Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ试验检出７份ＰＲＣＶ抗体阳性血清，检出率为８．６４％，无ＴＧＥ阳性。ＳＮ试验检出７份ＴＧＥ抗体阳性血清与Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ试验检出的７份ＰＲＣＶ抗体阳性血清完全重合。结果证明，应用单克隆抗体进行的Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ可鉴别诊断ＴＧＥ与ＰＲＣＶ感染，优于ＳＮ试验     

旋毛虫病McAb快速ELISA诊断盒的应用研究

应用ＭｃＡｂ 快速ＥＬＩＳＡ 诊断盒,对感染了４ 个旋毛虫隔离种的猪定期检测其血清中抗体出现情况。结果,猪旋毛虫和旋毛形线虫（Ｔ．ｓｐｉｒａｌｉｓ）在感染２４ ｄ 后、犬旋毛虫和本地毛形线虫（ Ｔ．ｎａｔｉｖａ）３１ ｄ 后,可在猪血清中检出抗体;在抗体出现时间上前二者较后二者早７ ｄ 左右。     

猪旋毛虫病疫苗后海穴免疫研究

本项目对猪旋毛虫病成虫可溶性抗原疫苗经后海穴免疫注射的效果进行了研究。大鼠经口感染旋毛虫肌幼虫后３或７ｄ剖杀，收集成虫。经超声粉碎、高速离心制备成虫可溶性抗原。将抗原与等体积ＦＣＡ乳化，按０．２５ｍｇ／头及０．５０ｍｇ／头的抗原量分别进行后海穴注射（ＡＰ）及腹腔注射（ＩＰ），免疫猪只，使之经受旋毛虫的实验室攻击感染及自然感染。结果表明，３日龄及７日龄成虫可溶性抗原的免疫原性基本一致。采用后海穴注射疫苗具有减少抗原用量、增强免疫效果的作用。免疫后猪血清抗体滴度增加，呈暂时的细胞免疫抑制现象。后海穴注射疫苗猪群保护率达１００％，增加一倍抗原量经腹腔注射的猪群保护率为７５．２６％。     

旋毛虫病AcAb快速ELISA诊断盒的应用研究

应用ＭｃＡｂ快速ＥＬＩＳＡ诊断盒,对感染４个旋毛虫隔离种的猪定期检测其血清中抗体出现情况。结果,猪旋毛虫和旋毛形线虫（Ｔ．ｓｐｉｒａｌｉｓ）在感染２４ｄ后、犬旋毛虫和本地毛形线虫（Ｔ．ｎａｔｉｖａ）３１ｄ后,可在猪血清中检出抗体;在抗体出现时间上前二者较后二者早７ｄ左右。     

用LSAB免疫组化染色法检测猪生殖—呼吸道综合征病毒抗原？…

本研究在国内首次成功建立了辣根过氧化物酶标记的链霉亲和素－生物系（ＬＳＡＢ）免疫组化染色法检测猪生殖－呼吸道综合征病毒（ＰＲＲＳＶ）抗原。应用ＬＳＡＢ染色技术检测１２头人工感染ＰＲＲＳＶ美洲株（ＡＴＣＣ ＶＲ－２３３２）或国内分离株（Ｂ９６－４，Ｂ９６－５）的ＳＰＦ仔猪组织细胞内的ＰＲＲＳＶ抗原，阳性检出率为１００％。     

旋毛虫单克隆抗休特性鉴定

将两株将抗旋毛虫单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞所分泌的ＭｃＡｂ，经纯化后电泳分析，其重链分子质量为５５ｋｕ，轻链分子质量为２９ｋｕ，符合ＩｇＧ抗体的特点。两株ＭｃＡｂ与旋毛虫阳性血清所针对的旋毛虫抗原决定簇相同，都不与猪的其它寄生虫发生交叉反应，与抗原的相对亲和力Ｅ２〉Ｄ４，ＭｃＡｂ亲和层析纯化抗原的分子质量为４９ｋｕ，经免疫斑点染色证明为糖蛋白。     

二种方法检测猪传染性胃肠炎病毒抗体的比较

分别用血清中和试验和单克隆抗体阻断酶联免疫吸附试验对８１头美国进口猪轿清作猪传染性胃肠炎抗体检测。ＳＮ试验同７份阳性血清，检出率为８．６４％，Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ试验检出７份ＰＲＣＶ抗体阳性血清，检出率为８．６４％，无ＴＧＥ阳性。ＳＮ试验检出７份ＴＧＥ抗体阳性血清与Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ试验检出的７份ＰＲＣＶ抗体阳性血清完全重合。结果证明，应用单克隆抗体进行的Ｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ可鉴别诊断ＴＧＥ与ＰＲＣＶ感染，优于Ｓ     

志贺氏菌样毒素Ⅱ型变异体单克隆抗体的制备及其应用

应用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术,获得１株针对志贺氏菌样素Ⅱ为异体９Ｓｈｉｇａ－ｌｉｋｅ ｔｏｘｉｎ Ⅱ ｖａｒｉａｎｔ,ＳＬＴ－Ⅱｖ）Ａ亚基单位的杂交瘤细胞,并建立了以硝酸纤维素膜为载体的菌落ＥＬＩＳＡ法。用此法检测１５株分离自猪水肿病的野毒菌株和３株产其它型ＳＬＴ的标准菌株,发现该单克隆抗体与１４株野毒菌株呈阳性反应,与产ＳＬＴ－Ⅱ的９３３Ｗ株菌有微弱交叉反应,但与产ＳＬＴ－Ⅰ和ＶＴ２的菌株（Ｈ３０和Ｅ     

抗旋毛虫单克隆抗体细胞林的建立及其特性鉴定

为筛选旋毛虫保护性抗原,建立了4株分泌抗旋毛虫McAb的细胞株。经连续培养30余代,仍稳定地分泌抗体。其中,2G3和2C10的靶抗原为旋毛虫幼虫表膜。免疫球蛋白 型及亚 鉴定表明,2G3和2C10为IgG_1,1D5为IgG_3,1C9为IgM。除2C10和IC9对伊氏锥虫可溶性抗原呈现阳性反应外,未见对猪圆线虫、猪囊尾蚴、伊氏锥虫表膜抗原和正常猪肉反应。经ELISA测定,2G3、2C10、1D5、1C9均可与施毛虫幼虫可溶性抗原作用,其腹水效价分别为1:50000、1:10000、1:1000、1:800。各McAb均与旋毛虫幼虫排泄分泌物抗原(ES抗原)作用,经ELISA测定表明,2G3腹水效价达1:320000。     

抗猪囊虫循环抗原杂交瘤细胞系的建立和鉴定

建立了8株抗猪囊虫循环抗原(CA)的杂交病细胞系。其中6F12和2E7为抗囊虫特异McAb;McAb 1C6、1C7、1B5、4D9、2B9和8D8与囊虫、(?)球蚴、细颈囊尾蚴抗原均可发生反应。这些McAb的腹水ELISA效价为105～107,细胞培养上清液效价为102,并均可与病猪血清中的囊虫CA反应形成沉淀线。用1B5、6F12和8D8分别致敏血球,以反向间接血凝试验检测98份囊虫病猪血清,检出率分别为70.41%(69/98)、6.12%(6/98)和7.14%(7/98)。本研究制备的McAb可用于猪囊虫循环抗原检测。     

抗猪口蹄疫病毒单克隆抗体的抗原识别位点分析

用ELISA叠加试验，对5株具有ELISA反应特性的抗猪口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)单克隆抗体(McAb—A6、F9、G17、G52、S25)的抗原识别位点进行检测。抗体反应增值结果表明，5株单抗分别针对4个不同抗原住点，McAb—G17、G52、S25识剐的住点各不相同，其中McAb—G7、G52识别的位点有部分重叠，McAb—A6、F9识别同一位点，位于G17、G52位点的重叠区内。     

Comparative assessment of a double antibody enzyme immunoassay test kit and a triple antibody enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of Trichinella spiralis spiralis and Trichinella spiralis nativa infections in swine.

Enzyme immunoassays using the triple antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with both Trichinella spiralis spiralis and T. spiralis nativa excretory-secretory (ES) antigens and a commercial Trichinella spiralis enzyme immunoassay test kit were carried out on sera from pigs that were infected with light, moderate and high doses of infective T. spiralis spiralis and T. spiralis nativa respectively. Seroconversion occurred in all pigs given infective Trichinella larvae although no trichinae were recovered from pigs given T. spiralis nativa larvae and examined between days 92 and 99 postinfection by pepsin digestion. Anti-Trichinella antibodies were detected in pigs infected with T. spiralis spiralis and T. spiralis nativa by ELISA using either the homologous or heterologous ES antigen. The commercial Trichinella spiralis enzyme immunoassay test kit also detected anti-Trichinella antibodies in both the T. spiralis spiralis and T. spiralis nativa infected pigs. The commercial test kit did not appear to be as sensitive as the triple antibody ELISA since it usually took two to three days longer for seroconversion to be detected by the former procedure. Finally seroconversion occurred more rapidly in swine infected with T. spiralis spiralis than with pigs receiving comparable doses of T. spiralis nativa.     

绵羊肺腺瘤病毒衣壳蛋白杂交瘤细胞系的建立

为了制备特异性的抗绵羊肺腺瘤病毒(jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus,JSRV) 内蒙株衣壳蛋白(CA)的单克隆抗体(McAb)杂交瘤细胞系,以原核表达CA蛋白为抗原,免疫BALB/c小鼠,经4次免疫后,取脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞经杂交瘤技术进行融合,同时以表达蛋白作为包被抗原进行特异性ELISA检测,共筛选到6株阳性杂交瘤细胞株。经过3次亚克隆后,最终得到了5株能稳定分泌抗体的单细胞克隆株;再利用CA真核表达蛋白以间接免疫荧光法,对此5株杂交瘤细胞进行进一步的特异性鉴定。结果显示,有3株具有特异性强荧光反应,也能检测到目的基因的表达产物。本试验获得了3株稳定分泌抗JSRV-NM株CA蛋白McAb的杂交瘤细胞系,为建立检测病原的特异性诊断方法、分析JSRV-NM株CA蛋白的功能及鉴定B细胞抗原表位等奠定基础。     

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gD蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为制备牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)gD蛋白单克隆抗体,并对其免疫学特性进行分析与鉴定。用CHO细胞表达的IBRV-gD蛋白作为免疫原免疫8周龄的Balb/c小鼠,无菌取其脾细胞与SP2/0细胞进行细胞融合,筛选阳性杂交瘤细胞株,经小鼠腹腔注射,待小鼠腹腔膨胀后,收集腹水,纯化后进行单克隆抗体浓度、纯度、类及亚类、抗体效价、相对亲和常数、Western blot和间接免疫荧光测定。结果表明,筛选到2株阳性杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为4G3D4和9D7A7。4G3D4和9D7A7这2株单抗纯化后的浓度分别为2.6 mg/mL、1.6 mg/mL;亲和常数分别为2.30E+10、1.88E+09;抗体亚类均为IgG1,轻链为kappa链;且均能与IBRV发生特异性反应,与接种IBRV的MDBK细胞发生反应,产生特异性荧光;间接ELISA测定腹水效价分别为1∶204800、1∶12800。利用CHO细胞表达的IBRV-gD蛋白成功制备了2株单克隆抗体,为下一步建立特异性的IBRV检测方法奠定了基础。     

Concurrent infection with Trichinella spiralis and other helminths in pigs

The aim of this study was to investigate possible influence of different helmintosis in the development of Trichinella spiralis in experimental infected pigs. Forty-two Iberian pigs were allocated to six groups. Three groups were single inoculated with Ascaris suum, Metastrongylus apri or T. spiralis, respectively. Two groups were co-infected with T. spiralis and A. suum or T. spiralis and M. apri, respectively, while the last group included uninfected control pigs. Clinical signs were only observed in pigs with single or concurrent M. apri infections, with more severe respiratory symptoms in pigs with mixed M. apri infection. The number of A. suum and M. apri lung larvae, intestinal larvae of A. suum and adult M. apri were reduced in pigs with mixed Trichinella infections compared to pigs with single infections. In contrast, the number of liver white spots was higher in pigs with mixed infections. While T. spiralis muscular larval burdens were increased in pigs concomitantly infected with M. apri, they were reduced in pigs concomitantly infected with A. suum, compared to pigs receiving single infections with either of these helminths. Pigs with single or mixed A. suum infections showed higher eosinophil levels compared to the remaining groups. IgGt, IgG1, IgG2 and IgM against T. spiralis antigen could not be detected in pigs with single Ascaris or Metastrongylus infections, indicating that no cross-antibodies were produced. IgGt, IgG1 and IgM antibodies were detected earlier and generally at higher levels in mixed T. spiralis infections compared to single T. spiralis infections. The results suggest that T. spiralis had a low synergistic interaction with M. apri in concomitantly infected pigs, and an antagonistic interaction in concurrent infection with A. suum.     

Evaluation of IFA, MAT, ELISAs and immunoblotting for the detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in paired serum and aqueous humour samples from experimentally infected pigs

The study evaluated the efficiency of diagnostic laboratory methods to detect anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in paired serum and aqueous humour samples from experimentally infected pigs. 18-mixed breed pigs were used during the experiment; these were divided into two groups, G1 (infected group, n=10) and G2 (uninfected group, n=8). Infection was performed with 4 x 10(4) VEG strain oocysts at day 0 by the oral route in G1 animals. All pigs were euthanized at day 60, when retina, aqueous humour, and blood samples were collected. Anti-T. gondii antibody levels were assessed in serum (s) and aqueous humour (ah) by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), modified agglutination test (MAT), m-ELISA (using crude membranes from T. gondii tachyzoites as antigen) and r-ELISA (using rhoptries from T. gondii tachyzoites as antigen). Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) of samples from the retina were performed by using Tox4 and Tox5 primers. Antibody titers of G1 animals ranged from 128 to 1024 and from 16 to 256 in serum and aqueous humour, respectively. There were differences in the correlation coefficients between IFA(s) x IFA (ah) (r=0.62, P=0.05), MAT(s) x MAT (ah) (r=0.97, P<0.0001); however, there was no significant difference between r-ELISA(s) x r-ELISA (ah) (r= 0.14, P=0.7). Antibodies present in serum and aqueous humour recognized similar antigens. Samples of retina were positive by PCR in 30% (3/10) of infected pigs. G2 animals remained without antibody levels and were PCR negative throughout the experiment. These results suggest that the use of a combination of tests and immunoblotting for paired aqueous humour and serum samples could improve the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis.     

Prevalence of trichinosis in southern Louisiana swine

After an outbreak of human trichinosis in Louisiana involving 45 cases and 1 death in 1979 and 1980, a survey of pigs killed in 21 selected small slaughterhouses in southwestern Louisiana was conducted from November 1980 to September 1981. The sera from 1,225 pigs were examined for trichinella antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); 1,223 diaphragms were subjected to peptic digestion and examined for the presence of Trichinella spiralis larvae. One diaphragm (0.08%) was found to contain T spiralis (26 larvae/g of muscle) and 4 of the slaughterhouse sera were positive (0.33% seroprevalence). Pigs in 52 herds throughout the state were also tested for ELISA antibodies. The ELISA-positive pigs were not found among the 267 pigs tested from the 52 herds.     

Isolation of a 14 kDa antigen from Taenia solium cyst fluid by HPLC and its evaluation in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of porcine cysticercosis

A fraction with a major band of 14kDa was obtained from crude cyst fluid of Taenia solium cysticerci by 2-step chromatography. A first fraction isolated by gel filtration (Sephacryl S-300 high resolution) was purified using an anion exchange column (Mono Q HR 5/5) on high performance liquid chromatography. Evaluation of the analytic sensitivity of this fraction (F3) was carried out in an antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Ab-ELISA-F3) using serum samples from pigs experimentally infected with different doses of T. solium eggs. The cross-reactivity of F3 was evaluated with serum samples from pigs that were naturally or experimentally infected with Taenia hydatigena, Taenia saginata asiatica, Fasciola hepatica, Trichinella spiralis, Metastrongylus apri, Trypanosoma congolense and Sarcoptes scabiei, and with serum samples of rabbits hyper-immunised with metacestode cyst fluid of T. hydatigena and T. solium. Antibody titres of lightly or heavily infected pigs differed in their kinetics. However, the increase in F3-specific antibodies could not be related to the infection level. Analysis of the specificity of the F3 showed that serum samples of pigs infected with other parasites did not recognise this antigen. Cross-reaction with T. hydatigena occurred in ELISA using cyst fluid as antigen, but the F3 antigen fraction was not recognized by rabbit hyper-immune serum samples to T. hydatigena. Evaluation of the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the Ab-ELISA-F3 was done by a non-parametric receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis using 66 serum samples from Zambian village pigs. The total number of cysticerci of these pigs was determined by dissection (28 pigs harboured T. solium cysticerci and 38 were negative at dissection). In addition, 58 serum samples from Cameroonian pigs (28 pigs from cysticercosis-free farms and 30 pigs with cysticerci at tongue inspection) were used in a separate ROC analysis. The results from the ROC analysis yielded a low diagnostic value (area under ROC curve=0.48) with the sera from the Zambian pigs while a relatively high diagnostic value was obtained with the sera from Cameroonian pigs (area under ROC curve=0.78). The main factor contributing to a low diagnostic value based on the Zambian serum samples seemed to be the false-positive reactions that were likely caused by the occurrence of transient antibodies in the non-infected animals.