森林植物间的异株克生

植物异株克生是一种生物化学关系,即植物能够产生某些化学物质对邻近的植物产生某种不利影响。本文综述了异株克生的概念、在林业生产实践中的现象,异株克生物质的产生、吸收和转化等,并对一些问题进行了讨论。人们可以充分利用植物间的相互关系,促进林木生长,防治林内杂草等。     

森林植物的异株克生及在林业生产中的应用

植物的异株克生是一种生物之间的化学关系。本文综述了植物异株克生的概念和在林业生产中的植物异株克生现象,为植物间的生化关系在林业生产中的应用提供参考。     

浅谈以生态为基础的森林植物栽培

本文阐述了以生态为基础的森林植物栽培意义；种苗培育中良种选择、苗床的土壤改良、菌根使用、幼苗保护、苗木选择等问题；以及森林营造、育林管理的育林规划的制定，改善树种混交与配置，培育与抚育等问题。     

浅谈小兴安岭森林植物资源及其开发利用

小兴安岭林区蕴藏着极丰富的植物资源,开发利用好这些资源,所带来的经济收益是不可估量的。     

浅谈岩生植物及其在园林中的应用

岩生植物具有植株低矮,株形紧密;根系发达,耐干旱,耐瘠薄土壤;生长缓慢,生活期长;花色艳丽等特点.岩生植物按自然分类系统分为苔藓植物、蕨类植物、裸子植物、被子植物.按光照要求分为喜光类、耐荫类、喜阴湿类.按在园林中的应用分类,分为草本类、藤木类、灌木及矮乔类、蕨类、苔藓地衣类.论述了岩生植物在园林中的应用形式、岩生植物的选择与配置等.     

对森林营林生产技术问题的探讨

管理模式落后、人工造林质量差、营林生产不符合市场需求等问题一直是影响部分林区营林工作发展的因素。要改变现状,必须在营林这一环节进行改进,提高营林生产的管理水平,降低生产成本,在技术上提高种苗质量、改善幼林抚育技术、调整人工林培育方向、优化造林树种结构,提高科技在营林生产中的含量,促进其科学经营发展。     

浅谈乡土植物在森林重庆建设中的作用

本文从乡土植物的特点、重庆乡土植物资源概况、乡土植物的优势、开发乡土植物的意义等方面论述了乡土植物在森林重庆建设的作用和意义,并针对乡土植物推广利用的现状,提出了推广利用乡土植物的几条措施和途径。     

国外林业基金制度的实践及其借鉴

通过对法国、英国、芬兰、美国、日本、德国、瑞典、新西兰、澳大利亚、加拿大等林业发达国家林业基金制度的介绍 ,总结其特点 ,提出我国应从实际出发 ,根据国情林情借鉴其成功的经验及做法。     

Use and knowledge of forest plants among the Ribeirinhos, a traditional Amazonian population

This study assessed the ethnobotanical use and knowledge of forest plant diversity among the Ribeirinhos, a traditional population of the Brazilian Amazon living in a protected area (Tapajós National Forest, West of Pará), and compared the importance of forest plants used in their daily activities with the use of cultivated plants (agrobiodiversity) from their home gardens and swidden-fallows. We used two complementary quantitative ethnobotanical methods, based on (i) daily scan observations in 14 families’ homes, and (ii) ethnobotanical inventories of trees, palms and lianas of DBH ≥ 5 cm in 23 plots each of 0.1-ha, set up in three types of forests. Analyses of the ethnobotanical surveys in the plots showed that most forest species (120 out of the 140 inventoried, i.e. 86 %) were acknowledged to be useful by the informants (use value >0) and accounted for 91.2 % of the inventoried individuals measuring DBH ≥ 5 cm. However, daily observations of plant gathering in homes showed that only a few forest species considered ‘useful’ were used daily, whilst species cultivated in gardens and swidden-fallows represented the majority of species used. The Ribeirinhos were also found to know as much about using forest plant diversity, if not more, than other traditional groups from Amazonia or from other tropical regions of South America, including the Amerindians. The article concludes with some recommendations for adapting development practices to local uses of plant diversity in this protected area.     

Lianas and self-supporting plants during tropical forest succession

Lianas (woody vines) are an important component of tropical forests, with a strong impact on forest dynamics, but their responses during forest succession have received relatively little attention. Here, we present an analysis of the changes in stem density, biomass, and species richness of lianas and self-supporting plants during tropical forest succession. We surveyed lianas ≥0.5 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) and self-supporting plants ≥2.5 cm dbh in 0.1 ha inventory plots in a chronosequence of 30 sites in northeastern Costa Rica, 23 sites on abandoned pastures 10–44 years of age, and seven sites in old-growth forest. Stem density of self-supporting plants showed no predictable chronosequence trend, but liana stem density declined significantly with forest age. Aboveground biomass of self-supporting vegetation increased rapidly during succession, with forests 31–44 years exhibiting higher levels of biomass than old-growth forests. Liana biomass accumulated more slowly, with the highest levels in old-growth sites. Species richness of self-supporting vegetation increased significantly during succession, but species richness of lianas showed no change or a slight decline with forest age, depending on the method of assessment. The differences between tree and liana responses during succession stem from the unique physiology and life history traits of lianas.     

大岗山森林植物病害调查初报

2007年10月30日～11月13日在江西大岗山生态站对25个样地进行了森林植物病害的初步调查,结果显示各类病害发生普遍,共计发现病害103种,其中真菌病害95种,叶斑病、煤污病、白粉病为主要病害类型.病害总体发生比较轻,未见造成流行.     

乡土植物在兰湖森林公园的花境营造

结合兰湖森林公园的客观实际情况,讨论了乡土植物在近郊森林公园花境营造中的独特作用,对选择推广的乡土植物及配置模式做了介绍。     

Soil impact and radiation dose to native plants in forest ecosystem

A radiation dose assessment model was applied to determine naturally occurring radionuclides ²³⁸U, ²¹⁰Po and ²³²Th in trees like Elaeocarpus oblongus, Evodia roxburghiana (Juice of the leaves that are used to treat fever), Vaccinium neilgherrense, Viburnum hebanthum and Michelia nilagirica and shrubs like Lasianthus coffeoiaes and Hedyotis stylosa in the agroforests of the Western Ghats, India and these areas were used for different agroforestry models of land development systems. The concentration of radionuclides in the biota and corresponding soil was measured using a gamma ray spectrometer and an alpha counter. The concentration ratios of these radionuclides varied substantially between the species, and E. oblongus showed a preferential uptake of all the radionuclides and hence useful for bio-indication of radionuclides in such soils. ERICA assessment tool was employed to provide an assessment of the potential doses to biota’s growing in agro forest E. oblongus appears to be much prone to radiation absorption from the dose risk point of view. The annual effective dose (AED) due to ingestion of these radionuclides in E. roxburghiana was also estimated, and was found to be lower than the world average.     

GENERAL SURVEY OF QUARANTINE OBJECTS OF FOREST PLANTS IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

SuRVEYMETnoDThetreesPeCiesbeingsurvcyedarefKoreanpine(Ptouskoraensis)Poplar(PopulussPP.)Manchurianash(F~usmandehurica)Peashrub(CtwamicrophyHaShrubbyFalseindigo(AmorPhafrUticosa)Thesurvq'methodbeingengagedintheworkisroutineinvestigation.Theworkwasconductedthroughthecombinationofgeneralsurvq'andsystematicsurvey,rangeestimationandprar.1caIinvestigation,plotsurvey'-sitesamplillgandmoth-kilIinglampmethods.ThequarantincspcciesofdiseasesandpestsbeingillvestigatedinthcworkaretotaIlySevente…     

森林植物检疫系统的开发研制

介绍了在森林植物检疫荼中,如何收集和建立森林植物检疫信息数据库,并结合森林植物检疫工作的实际,阐述了森林植物检疫工作中的森防人员管理、检疫证书管理、无检疫对象苗圃管理、检疫对象及有害生物管理及检疫哨卡和管理主要的功能。系统具有图文结合、操作简便、界面友好的特点。     

甘肃省小陇山林区主要野生药用植物

小陇山林区位于甘肃东南部，总面积1243万亩，是兼有南北气候特点的典型天然次生林区，境内野生药用植物资源蕴藏丰富，种类繁多。笔者通过调查，已发现156科1004种。现将部分分布广泛，开发利用潜力大的主要野生药用植物的性味功能、产地分布及生长环境整理如下。 1 银杏（白果）（Ginkgo biloba L.） ①药用部分：种子、叶。②性味功能：味甘、性平，有小毒。湿肺益气，镇咳止喘，可治冠心病。③产地分布：林区南部，严坪、榆树林场分布。 2 白皮松（Pinus bungeana Zucc.） ①药用部分：球果。②性味功能：味甘、性温。治慢性气管炎…