中华人民共和国动物防疫法

(上接2008年第12期) 第六章动物诊疗 第五十条从事动物诊疗活动的机构,应当具备下列条件: (一)有与动物诊疗活动相适应并符合动物防疫条件的场所: (二)有与动物诊疗活动相适应的执业兽医; (三)有与动物诊疗活动相适应的兽医器械和设备; (四)有完善的管理制度.     

中职农业学校《猪病防治》教学改革探析

《猪病防治》是中等职业农业学校畜牧兽医(动物科学与动物医学)学科中兽医(动物医学)专业、兽医卫生检验(动物检验检疫)专业和畜牧兽医(动物科学与动物医学)专业的一门重要专业临床课,是讲述猪病发生、发展的规律以及指导学生掌握如何预防、控制和消灭这些猪病(特别是猪的传染病)方法的学科.     

村级动物卫生监督(防疫)员队伍建设的探讨

最基层的村级动物卫生监督工作,至今没有专职人员,均由村动物防疫员兼管动物卫生监督工作。当前村动物卫生监督(防疫)员队伍存在管理较乱,劳动报酬低,年龄日趋老化,文化程度偏低,从业专业人员不足,队伍流动性大等问题。应针对存在的问题,建立村动物卫生监督(防疫)员管理办法和村动物卫生监督(防疫)员进出机制,完善村动物卫生监督(防疫)员的培训,提高村动物卫生监督(防疫)员业务能力,提高基层防疫监督员的待遇,确保村动物卫生监督(防疫)员队伍稳定,以适应现代畜牧业发展的需要。     

动物的饲养方法

<正> 1.发明的名称:动物的饲养方法 2.专利内容: (1)一种由活性化物质使水活化的工艺及用活化水供动物饮用的优良动物饲养法。 (2)第(1)项中将上述水与饲料混合,供动物采食的动物饲养法。 (3)第(1)项中,以含稀有元素矿石为特征的上述活性化物质的动物饲养法。     

畜禽养殖场经营应遵循的法律法规

<正>1.动物卫生监督机构对动物饲养场实行动物卫生监管工作的法律依据。《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》(以下简称《动物防疫法》)第五十八条;《动物防疫法》第五十九条。2.养殖场应履行的法定义务。(1)符合动物防疫条件,申办《动物防疫条件合格证》。依据《动物防疫条件审查办法》第二条。(2)建立健全防疫制度。依据《动物防疫法》第十九条;《动物防疫条件审查办法》第八、第九条。(3)建立健全养殖档案。依据《中华人民共和国畜牧法》(以下简称《畜牧法》)第四十一条;《畜禽标识和养殖档案管理办法》     

要加强对动物诊疗人员和场所的管理

随着各类动物养殖场(户)规模的不断扩大,社会养殖数量的不断增加,养殖场(户)对动物疫病的防治越来越重视,对动物诊疗人员的需求数量在不断增多,对动物诊疗技术水平要求越来越高,应对市场需求,从事动物诊疗的人员急剧上升,各类动物门诊纷纷挂牌营业,结果出现了一些不容忽视的问题:(一)不具备相应兽医专业知识、不熟悉法律知识的人员从事动物诊疗活动。(二)不具备消毒、无害化处理等设施条件的动物门诊开业。(三)不具备开展相关化验项目的动物门诊挂着开展“抗体监测、化验”的宣传牌,以欺骗养殖户。(四)不讲职业道德、违法诊疗(包治)国家规定…     

浅析温州市新型基层动物防疫(诊疗)服务组织

<正>动物疫病防控工作的重点在基层,难点在散户,但是,基层和散户动物防疫(诊疗)工作难落实,已成为动物疫病防控工作的"短板",面对国内外动物疫情频发的严峻形势,必须提升基层动物防疫(诊疗)工作的能力和水平。为此,我市积极探索培育和扶持新型基层动物防疫(诊疗)服务组织,积极推进动物疫病防控工作向最基层延伸,有效增强了动物疫病防控能力,维护了社会公共卫生安全。1基本情况新型基层动物防疫(诊疗)服务组织(以下简称     

病死动物无害化处理与相关产业的风险应对

正病死动物无害化处理,是将因病死亡的动物尸体按照国家规定进行处理,以保障病死动物本生群体,病死动物以外其他动物群体,人群,人居环境,自然环境的安全健康。目前我区(青岛西海岸新区)的病死动物无害化处理模式由3点构成:(1)畜禽养殖场(户)通过手机App、电话、     

对使用非疫区证明的质疑

随着<中华人民共和国动物防疫法>(以下简称<动物防疫法>)的颁布实施,农业部统一制定了五种动物及动物产品检疫合格证明,这为加强对进入流通领域环节的动物及动物产品的动物防疫监督、促进动物及动物产品的合理流动、减少动物疫病的传播、促进和保护养殖业的健康发展起到了积极的作用.但在日常的动物防疫监督检查中,我们却发现进(出)县境的运输有动物或动物产品的货主,除持有按法律规定必须应持有的动物(动物产品)出县境检疫合格证明、动载工具消毒证明外,有的还持有动物(动物产品)产地检疫合格证明、动物免疫证明和格式不一、五花八门的××病非疫区证明.如"禽流感"非疫区证明等.同时,省外有的动物防疫监督检查站的工作人员在查验由循化县运出的动物(动物产品)时,发生了多次对只持有动物(动物产品)出县境检疫××合格证明、运载工具消毒证明、事业性财政收费收据,而没持有××病非疫区证明的货主进行处罚的行为.对此行为,笔者提出如下异议和质疑,供同行商榷.     

转基因动物的安全性

转基因动物(transgenic animal)是指这种动物基因组中稳定地整合有以实验方法所导人的外源基因(或特定DNA片段)的动物。随着转基因动物技术的发展，转基因动物已在促进动物生长，改善产品品质，动物抗病育种，生产药用蛋白、生产营养保健(医疗)品和可用于人体器官移植的动物器官等领域的应用上，均显示出巨大的经济效益和社会效益。但伴     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.