| 不同土壤耕作方式下稻田土壤微生物多样性研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 潘孝晨,唐海明,肖小平,汤文光,李超,汪柯,程凯凯. 不同土壤耕作方式下稻田土壤微生物多样性研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(23): 51-57. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18060046 |
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| 作者姓名： | 潘孝晨 唐海明 肖小平 汤文光 李超 汪柯 程凯凯 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.湖南大学研究生院隆平分院;2.湖南省土壤肥料研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项：湖南双季稻三熟区耕地培肥与合理农作制构建集成研究与示范”(201503123);湖南省自然科学基金杰 出青年基金“长期施肥下双季稻田根际微生物对土壤碳、氮转化的影响机制”(2017JJ1018);国家重点研发计划项目“双季稻田地力提升持续丰产技 术”(2018YFD0301004-02)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 土壤耕作方式是影响土壤环境和质量重要的因素;土壤微生物是土壤重要的组成部分,是有机质分解营养转化中最活跃的部分。目前,前人开展了不同土壤耕作方式对稻田耕层土壤微生物影响的研究,但是因为土壤类型、气候、田间管理措施等因素的影响,其研究结论各异。为深入了解不同土壤耕作方式下土壤微生物的变化情况,本文系统分析了前人在免耕、旋耕、翻耕等不同耕作方式对土壤微生物影响的研究进展。结果表明：(1)免耕处理下土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量高于翻耕和旋耕,土壤微生物生物量随着土壤深度的增加而减少。(2)不同耕作处理间微生物数量及酶活性均存在着显著差异,微生物数量及酶活性均随土壤深度、季节变化、耕作年限等变化而改变,微生物数量总体趋势呈现细菌>放线菌>真菌数量。(3)保护性耕作下土壤微生物多样性高于翻耕、旋耕等耕作处理且土壤微生物多样性随着土壤深度增加呈下降的变化趋势。总的来说,本文总结了目前不同土壤耕作方式下土壤微生物的研究进展,并深入分析了对所出现差异的原因,其结果对今后进一步研究我国南方双季稻田根际土壤微生物的变化规律提供参考依据,为完善我国南方双季稻田土壤耕作方式、保护稻田生态环境提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 贵州 贵州 甘蔗 SSR-CE/DF 指纹图谱 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-06-09 |
Paddy Soil Microbial Diversity Under Tillage Practices: Research Progress |
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| Abstract: | Soil tillage methods is an important factor affecting the soil environment and quality. Soil microorganisms are an important component of soil, and it is the most active part of nutrient conversion of soil organic matter decomposition. At present, some studies have conducted to studies the effects of different soil tillage treatments on the soil microorganisms in plough layer of paddy fields. However, the results of some research were different due to the different factors, such as soil type, climate, and field management practices. In order to understand the changes of soil microorganisms under different soil tillage treaments, the process studies on the effects of different soil tillage treatments (no-tillage, rotary tillage, plow tillage and other different tillage) on soil microorganisms were analysis in the present paper. The results showed that: (1) It was generally believed that the soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents under no-tillage treatment were higher than that of under tillage and rotary tillage treatments, and the soil microbial biomass were decreased with the increase of soil depth. (2) There were significantly differences in amount of microbes and enzyme activities with different tillage treatments, and the number of microorganisms and enzyme activities were changed with the soil depth, seasonal comdition, and the duration of cultivation, and so on. Meanwhile, the number of microorganisms with the following order bacteria> actinomycetes> fungi. (3) The soil microbial diversity with conservation tillage treatment were higher than that of tillage and rotary tillage treatments, and the soil microbial diversity were decreased with the increase of soil depth. The current research about progress of soil microorganisms under different soil tillage treatmments, the reasons for different experimental results were analyzed in the present paper. Therefore, these result were provided reference for further studying on the changes of soil microorganisms in the rhizospheric soils, improving the soil tillage and protecting ecology of double-cropping paddy fields in Southern China. |
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