| 红树林沉积物反硝化和厌氧氨氧化速率的时空变化及环境响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 林雨彬,秦永强,马思远,曾若菡,陈雨梅,刁晓平. 红树林沉积物反硝化和厌氧氨氧化速率的时空变化及环境响应[J]. 热带生物学报, 2023, 14(1): 129-135. DOI: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2023.01.012 |
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| 作者姓名： | 林雨彬 秦永强 马思远 曾若菡 陈雨梅 刁晓平 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.海南大学 生态与环境学院，海口 570228 |
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| 基金项目： | 2020年海南省普通高等学校研究生创新科研课题（Hys2020-185）；海南省重大科技计划项目（ZDKJ2019006） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究红树林退塘还林过程对沉积物氮循环速率的影响，使用15N同位素示踪技术研究原生红树林区域（原生区）、修复红树林区域（修复区）和退养鱼塘区域（鱼塘区）3种生境的红树林沉积物反硝化与厌氧氨氧化速率的时空分布特征，并分析影响沉积物反硝化与厌氧氨氧化速率的环境因素。结果表明:1. 不同生境沉积物理化因子存在季节性差异，沉积物反硝化速率具有空间差异。旱季修复区反硝化速率（14.39 nmol·g?1·h?1）与鱼塘区（11.48 nmol·g?1·h?1）相比未有明显差异，但显著高于原生区（8.08 nmol·g?1·h?1）（P<0.05）；雨季修复区反硝化速率（11.67 nmol·g?1·h?1）与原生区（11.29 nmol·g?1·h?1）、鱼塘区（9.62 nmol·g?1·h?1）相比无明显生境差异；不同生境的反硝化速率无明显季节性差异。2. 沉积物厌氧氨氧化速率具有时空差异。旱季不同生境沉积物厌氧氨氧化速率变化趋势与反硝化速率相似:旱季修复区厌氧氨氧化速率（0.52 nmol·g?1·h?1）最高，显著高于原生区（0.10 nmol·g?1·h?1）（P<0.05）；雨季不同生境沉积物厌氧氨氧化速率差异不明显。原生区沉积物厌氧氨氧化速率具有明显的季节差异，雨季明显高于旱季（P<0.05）。对各环境因子与沉积物反硝化速率和厌氧氨氧化速率进行相关性分析发现，沉积物温度、盐度、氨氮、硝氮与不同季节沉积物反硝化和厌氧氨氧化速率的相关性存在一定差异，不同生境沉积物的温度、氨氮和硝氮与反硝化速率和厌氧氨氧化速率具有明显的相关性，反硝化速率与厌氧氨氧化速率两者在红树林区域存在明显的协同。研究结果为红树林的生态修复和清退工作的效果及阶段评估提供科学支持。
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| 关 键 词： | 反硝化 厌氧氨氧化 氮循环 红树林清退 沉积物 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-05 |
Temporal and spatial variation and environmental response of denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation rates in mangrove sediments |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 5702282.Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 5702283.School of Biology, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China |
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| Abstract: | The temporal and spatial distribution of denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) rates in mangrove sediments in different mangrove habitats (native mangrove area, restored mangrove area, and abandoned fish pond area) was analyzed by using isotope tracer technique (15N) to determine environmental factors affecting denitrification and anammox rates of the mangrove sediments. The results indicated that there were seasonal differences in physical and chemical factors of the mangrove sediments in different habitats, and that the denitrification rates of the mangrove sediments had spatial variation. The denitrification rate of the mangrove sediment was significantly higher in the restored mangrove area (14.39 nmol·g?1·h?1) than in the native mangrove area (8.08 nmol·g?1·h?1) in dry season (P < 0.05), but not significantly different from that in the abandoned fish pond area (11.48 nmol·g?1·h?1). There was no significant difference in denitrification rate among the habitats in rainy season since the denitrification rate of the mangrove sediment was 11.67 nmol·g?1·h?1 in the restored mangrove area, 11.29 nmol·g?1·h?1 in the native mangrove area and 9.62 nmol·g?1·h?1 in the abandoned fish pond area. There was no significant seasonal variation in denitrification rate among the habitats. The anammox rates of the mangrove sediments showed a temporal and spatial variation in the habitats. The anammox rates in dry season tended to showed a similar change to the denitrification rates in the sediments of different habitats in dry season, and the anammox rate in the restored mangrove area was the highest in dry season (0.52 nmol·g?1·h?1), which was significantly higher than that in the native mangrove area (0.10 nmol·g?1·h?1) (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the anammox rate in all the habitats in rainy season. The anammox rate of the mangrove sediment in the native mangrove area had obvious seasonal variation, and it is higher in rainy season than in dry season (P < 0.01). Correlation analysis of various environmental factors with the denitrification rate and the anammox rate in the mangrove sediments showed difference in the correlations of sediment temperature, salinity, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen with denitrification and anammox rates in different seasons. The sediment temperature, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in different habitats were significantly correlated with denitrification rate and anammox rate. Obvious synergy between denitrification rate and anammox rate was found in the mangrove areas. |
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