| 长期施肥对黑土磷素积累、形态转化及其有效性影响的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 周宝库,张喜林. 长期施肥对黑土磷素积累、形态转化及其有效性影响的研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2005, 11(2): 143-147. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2005.0201 |
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| 作者姓名： | 周宝库 张喜林 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 黑龙江哈尔滨150086 |
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| 摘 要： | 1980年开始,在小麦大豆玉米轮作制中,研究长期定位施用常量的氮、磷、钾(小麦、玉米施肥量为N150、P2O575、K2O75kg/hm2;大豆为N75、P2O5150、K2O75kg/hm2)和有机肥(马粪,折N75kg/hm2,只在玉米后茬上施用),以及二倍和四倍量对土壤磷素积累、形态变化及磷肥后效的影响。23年研究结果表明,长期不施肥,黑土土壤全磷下降37.4%、速效磷下降了60%;施用磷肥土壤全磷增加53.9%～65.7%、速效磷增加6～15倍。积累的磷素大部分以有效性较高的Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P形态积累在土壤中,施用磷肥可使Ca2-P增加4～15倍,Ca8-P增加4～16倍,Al-P增加1.6～11.8倍,Fe-P增加1.4～4.4倍,O-P增加0.6～1.7倍,Ca10-P增加0.3～0.7倍。所积累在土壤中的磷素具有生物有效性。
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| 关 键 词： | 黑土 磷素形态 有效性 长期施肥 |
| 文章编号： | 1008-505X(2005)02-0143-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004-02-11 |
Effect of long-term phosphorus fertilization on the phosphorus accumulation and distribution in black soil and its availability |
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| ZHOU Bao-ku,ZHANG Xi-lin. Effect of long-term phosphorus fertilization on the phosphorus accumulation and distribution in black soil and its availability[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2005, 11(2): 143-147. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2005.0201 |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Bao-ku ZHANG Xi-lin |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Soil and Fertilizer Institute;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Harbin 150086;China |
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| Abstract: | Successively oversupply of phosphorus fertilizers brought about the accumulation of phosphorus in the black soil. The results showed that soil nutrients were unbalanced, and the fertilizer efficiency was low. The status of accumulated phosphorus, transform of inorganic phosphorus and bio-availability of accumulated phosphorus in black soil were studied in this paper by the means of long-term fixed site field trial. The results were as follows:1. Total P content decreased by 37.4% due to long-term no fertilization. Phosphorus fertilization remarkably increased total P content, especially the treatment with 2 times phosphorus fertilization, which was 53.9%—65.7% higher compare with the treatment of no fertilization. Application of manure alone could not supply enough P to keep phosphorus balance in soil. And the P was exhausted.2. Available P in black soil decreased by 60.0% and 23.2% for the treatments of no fertilization and long-term applying manure, respectively. But available P in P fertilization treatments enhanced which was 6—15 times higher than that of no fertilization treatment. The more P fertilizer was applied, the more available P was accumulated.3. As to the accumulated P in black soil, Ca10-P is highest, then is O-P, Ca8-P and Ca2-P content was lowest. P (fertilization) could increased Ca2-P, Ca8-P and Al-P content which had higher availability to crop, while it had little effect on the content O-P and Ca10-P which had lower availability to crop.4. The phosphorus was depleted in black soil under the condition of long-term no P fertilization, so the effect of the P fertilizer was significant for the treatment of long-term no P fertilization, while, for the treatment of long-term P fertilization, the response is quite low. The accumulated phosphorus has an after effect on crops. It needn't to applying a mount of P fertilizer to soil every year under the condition of P accumulation in soil. |
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| Keywords: | black soil phosphorus long-term fertiliztion availability |
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