| 一次性施肥对水稻产量及养分吸收的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张 木,唐拴虎,黄 旭,李 苹,付弘婷. 一次性施肥对水稻产量及养分吸收的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32(3): 1-7. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15080078 |
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| 作者姓名： | 张 木 唐拴虎 黄 旭 李 苹 付弘婷 |
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| 作者单位： | (广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广州 510640) |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业（农业)科研专项“主要粮食作物一次性施肥技术研究与示范”(201303103)，“三熟区耕地培肥与合理轮作制”(201503123)；广东省科技计划项目“农作物健康低碳栽培与营养调控技术研究与示范”(2012A020100004)，“新型肥料与高效施肥科技创新研发与服务平台建设”(2014B090904068)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过田间小区试验研究一次性施肥对水稻生长的作用效果，进而明确水稻一次性施肥是否能达到传统分次施肥的增产效果及其机制。本研究以传统分次施肥为对照，研究了一次性施用常规速效肥、硝化抑制剂DCD型稳定肥、硝化抑制剂DMPP型稳定肥以及树脂包膜控释肥对水稻产量、产量构成要素、分蘖动态、灌浆期光合速率以及主要生长节点植株氮、磷、钾含量的影响。试验表明，分别一次性施用各种类缓/控释肥均可以满足水稻各生长期对氮、磷、钾的吸收，促进水稻分蘖、增加水稻有效穗数及穗粒数，增强水稻光合速率和碳氮代谢水平，提高或保持了水稻正常产量。一次性施用缓控释肥较传统分次施肥对水稻具有稳产或增产的作用是因为其能在整个生育期内满足水稻的养分供应，在不降低千粒重及结实率的基础上提高或是保持水稻的有效穗数及穗粒数。
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| 关 键 词： | 桔梗 桔梗 氮磷钾配比 产量 有效成分 经济效益 商洛 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-08-14 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015-09-11 |
Effects of Single Basal Fertilizer Application on Yield and Nutrient Absorption of Rice |
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| Zhang Mu,Tang Shuanhu,Huang Xu,Li Ping and Fu Hongting. Effects of Single Basal Fertilizer Application on Yield and Nutrient Absorption of Rice[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2016, 32(3): 1-7. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15080078 |
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| Authors: | Zhang Mu Tang Shuanhu Huang Xu Li Ping Fu Hongting |
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| Affiliation: | (Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Guangzhou 510640) |
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| Abstract: | A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of single basal fertilizer application on growth of rice, and then to clarify whether single basal fertilizer application could achieve high-yield production as conventional split fertilization and its mechanism. The effects of single basal application of conventional quick-acting fertilizer, nitrification inhibitor DCD type stable fertilizer, nitrification inhibitor DMPP type stable fertilizer and resin-coated controlled-release fertilizer on yield, components of yield, dynamic of tiller, photosynthetic rate during grain filling stage and the contents of N, P and K in the main growth stages of rice were studied in this experiment, and the conventional split fertilization was served as the control. The results showed that single basal application of slow/controlled-release fertilizers satisfied the absorption of N, P, and K in different growth stages, increased tiller number, panicles, grain number, photosynthetic rate and carbon-nitrogen metabolism, thus improved or maintained the normal grain yield. The results showed that single basal application of slow/controlled-release fertilizers could improve or maintain normal yield as split fertilization due to the increase or maintenance of panicles and grain number on the basis of ensuring normal 1000-grain weight and setting rate. |
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| Keywords: | rice slow/controlled-release fertilizer nutrient uptake photosynthetic rate yield components |
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