| 皱纹盘鲍人工育苗的初步研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴宙, 周丽青, 迟长凤, 吴彪, 孙秀俊, 刘志鸿, 赵丹, 于涛, 郑言鑫. 基于线粒体COⅠ和Cytb基因探讨北鲍南养对皱纹盘鲍群体遗传结构的影响[J]. 水产学报, 2024, 48(1): 019310. DOI: 10.11964/jfc.20210812991 |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴宙 周丽青 迟长凤 吴彪 孙秀俊 刘志鸿 赵丹 于涛 郑言鑫 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.浙江海洋大学，国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心，海洋生物种质发掘与利用国家地方联合实验室，浙江 舟山 316022;2.中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所，农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室，山东 青岛 266071;3.中国水产科学研究院长岛增殖实验站，山东 烟台 265800 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划蓝色粮仓项目(2018YFD0900803) |
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| 摘 要： | 为探讨近三十年来我国皱纹盘鲍养殖模式对群体遗传结构产生的影响，利用线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基 (COⅠ)基因和细胞色素b (Cytb)基因分析了定殖漳州的群体、大连培育蓬莱越冬群体、荣成培育福建越冬群体及长山列岛 (砣矶岛、大钦岛、南隍城岛)皱纹盘鲍群体的遗传多样性与群体遗传结构。结果显示，在259个个体730 bp的COⅠ序列片段中检测到48个变异位点和30个单倍型，6个群体的单倍型多样性为0.586~0.897，核苷酸多样性为0.0056~0.0081。259个个体730 bp的Cytb序列片段中检测到59个变异位点和32个单倍型，6个群体的单倍型多样性为0.605~0.909，核苷酸多样性为0.0077~0.0120。基于COⅠ和Cytb基因的群体间Fst值以及AMOVA结果表明，绝大部分群体之间存在显著的遗传分化，并且遗传变异主要来源于群体内。现行的皱纹盘鲍北鲍南养模式加强了不同群体之间的基因交流，使不同遗传背景的种群二次接触，导致皱纹盘鲍6个群体均具有较高的单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性；而各养殖群体中的不同选育条件则可能是造成显著遗传分化的重要原因。本研究对分属南北沿海的6个皱纹盘鲍群体的遗传评估将为我国皱纹盘鲍资源的合理利用以及养殖模式对遗传结构的影响提供科学依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 皱纹盘鲍 细胞色素C氧化酶亚基基因 细胞色素b基因 遗传多样性 遗传结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-08-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-10-26 |
A preliminary study on the artificial rearing of the larvae and juveniles of Haliotis discus hannai ino |
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| WU Zhou, ZHOU Liqing, CHI Changfeng, WU Biao, SUN Xiujun, LIU Zhihong, ZHAO Dan, YU Tao, ZHENG Yanxin. Effects of southern culture pattern on population genetic structure of Haliotis discus hannai based on mitochondrial COⅠ and Cytb gene sequences[J]. Journal of fisheries of china, 2024, 48(1): 019310. DOI: 10.11964/jfc.20210812991 |
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| Authors: | WU Zhou ZHOU Liqing CHI Changfeng WU Biao SUN Xiujun LIU Zhihong ZHAO Dan YU Tao ZHENG Yanxin |
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| Affiliation: | 1.National and Provincial Joint Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Marine Aquatic Genetic Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;2.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;3.Changdao Enhancement and Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Yantai 265800, China |
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| Abstract: | Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) is an important marine shellfish in China, which is naturally distributed in the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula, and has high economic and nutritional value. Since the 1990s, with the extensive application of hybridization technology, the cultivation industry of H. discus hannai has gradually moved from northern to southern China and developed rapidly. In 2019, the production of H. discus hannai and its hybrid offsprings in China has reached 180 000 tons. However, the process of artificial breeding and selection may reduce the genetic diversity index of species, change the genetic structure, or even cause genetic differentiation of populations. In order to explore the possible effects of cultivation patterns on the genetic structure of Pacific abalone in China in the last 30 years, 259 individuals were collected from Dalian (DL), Rongcheng (RC), Zhangzhou (ZZ), Tuoji Island (TJ), Daqin Island (DQ), and Nanhuangcheng Island (NH) , the last three island belonging to the Changshan Archipelago of China. The mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit (COⅠ) gene and cytochrome B (Cytb) gene sequences were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced on an automatic sequencer by using forward and reverse primers. Bioedit 7.0.5, DNAsp 5.10, MEGA 6.06 and Arlequin 3.5 software were used for sequence analysis. After sequence matching and shearing, 730 bp fragment length of COⅠ and Cytb genes were obtained. The results showed that 48 mutation sites and 30 haplotypes were detected in the 730 bp COⅠ sequence of 259 individuals; the haplotype diversity of the 6 populations ranged from 0.586 to 0.897, and the nucleotide diversity was 0.0056-0.0081; 59 mutation sites and 32 haplotypes were detected in the 730 bp Cytb sequence of 259 individuals. The haplotype diversity ranged from 0.605 to 0.909 and the nucleotide diversity was 0.0077-0.0120 in the 6 populations. The results of Fst and AMOVA among populations based on COⅠ and Cytb genes showed that there was significant genetic differentiation between most populations, and the genetic variation mainly existed between individuals but within populations. The current cultivation mode of H. discus hannai enhanced the gene exchange between different populations, and the secondary contact of populations with different genetic backgrounds resulted in high haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity in all 6 populations. Different breeding standards in different breeding populations may be an important reason for the significant genetic differentiation. The evaluation of genetic resources of six Haliotis discus hannai populations in the northern and southern China coasts conducted in this paper provides a scientific basis for the rational utilization of the resources in China and the influence of breeding modes on genetic structure. |
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| Keywords: | Haliotis discus hannai COⅠ Cytb genetic diversity genetic structure |
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