| 三峡库区秭归段消落带重金属时空分布特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈天,程瑞梅,肖文发,沈雅飞,曾立雄,王丽君,孙鹏飞,张萌. 三峡库区秭归段消落带重金属时空分布特征[J]. 林业科学研究, 2022, 35(5): 22-32. DOI: 10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2022.005.003 |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈天 程瑞梅 肖文发 沈雅飞 曾立雄 王丽君 孙鹏飞 张萌 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京 100091;中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京 100091;南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京 210037 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项;国家重点研发计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 分析比较三峡库区消落带土壤重金属含量的时空差异,研究消落带金属污染现状并提出防治措施。 方法 以2008年、2014年和2018年的秭归段三峡库区的淹水区（高程145～175 m）和未淹水区（高程175～185 m）消落带土壤为研究对象,使用消解法对样品的理化性质和铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、锌（Mn）含量进行检测分析。 结果 结果表明：（1）对2008年、2014年和2018年的消落带土壤研究发现,淹水区土壤总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、有机质（SOM）含量持续降低,土壤pH值较2008年增加,2018年已接近7。（2）截至2018年,消落带土壤中Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn含量不断增加,Zn在消落带中下部（高程145～165 m）、及未淹水区土壤中地质累积指数污染程度均为“强”;消落带下部（高程145～165 m）的Cu、消落带中下部及未淹水区土壤的Zn已经造成了轻度生态风险。（3）消落带土壤理化性质和4 种重金属含量的相关性分析表明,土壤pH的上升可能带来4 种重金属累积量增加的风险,土壤TP增加可能会减少土壤中4 种重金属累积,而土壤TN含量的增加可能引起未淹水对照区土壤Fe、Mn的增加以及淹水区Cu和Zn的减少。 结论 三峡大坝的运行造成土壤氮磷等养分质量的下降,消落带土壤重金属污染现状不容忽视,尤以Cu和Zn的生态风险为重,因此需要继续长期监测,必要时可以考虑改变植被构成等人工干预手段。
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| 关 键 词： | 消落带 重金属 时空变化 生态风险 理化性质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-12-21 |
Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Water Level Fluctuating Zone of Zigui Section in Three Gorges Reservoir Area |
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| CHEN Tian,CHENG Rui-mei,XIAO Wen-fa,SHEN Ya-fei,ZENG Li-xiong,WANG Li-jun,SUN Peng-fei,ZHANG Meng. Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Water Level Fluctuating Zone of Zigui Section in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Forest Research, 2022, 35(5): 22-32. DOI: 10.13275/j.cnki.lykxyj.2022.005.003 |
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| Authors: | CHEN Tian CHENG Rui-mei XIAO Wen-fa SHEN Ya-fei ZENG Li-xiong WANG Li-jun SUN Peng-fei ZHANG Meng |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;2. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To analyze and compare the temporal and spatial differences in soil heavy metal content in the water-fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges reservoir area, study the current situation of metal pollution in this area, and put forward prevention and control measures. Methods The soils in the flooded area (elevation 145-175 m) and unflooded area (elevation 175-185 m) from the water-fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges reservoir area in the Zigui section in 2008, 2014, and 2018 were used for the study. We examined the physicochemical properties and copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Mn) contents of these samples through the digestion method. Results The results showed that: (1) The contents of soil total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and organic matter (SOM) in the flooded area continued to decrease from 2008 to 2018. The soil pH increased compared with 2008 and it was close to 7 in 2018. (2) As of 2018, the contents of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in the soil of water level fluctuating zone have been increasing. The geological accumulation index pollution degree of Zn in the middle and lower part of water level fluctuating zone (elevation 145～165 m) and the soil in the non-flooded area was “strong”; Cu in the lower part of the water level fluctuating zone (elevation 145～165 m) and Zn in the soil in the middle and lower part of water level fluctuating zone and non-flooded area had caused slight ecological risks. (3) The correlation analysis between soil physical and chemical properties and the contents of four heavy metals in water level fluctuating zone showed that the rise of soil pH might bring the risk of increasing the accumulation of four heavy metals. The increase of soil TP might reduce the accumulation of four heavy metals in the soil, while the increase of soil TN content might cause the increase of soil Fe and Mn in the non-flooded area and the decrease of Cu and Zn in the flooded area. Conclusion In summary, the operation of the Three Gorges Dam has caused a decline in the quality of soil nutrients such as reducing nitrogen and phosphorus contents. The status of soil heavy metal pollution in water level fluctuating zone cannot be ignored, especially the ecological risks of Cu and Zn. Therefore, long-term monitoring should be continued, and artificial intervention means such as changing vegetation composition can be considered if necessary. |
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| Keywords: | the water-fluctuation zone heavy metals spatiotemporal variation ecological risk the physical and chemical properties |
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