| 湄潭茶园土壤养分特征及肥力质量评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 柳书俊,姚新转,赵德刚,吕立堂. 湄潭茶园土壤养分特征及肥力质量评价[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(11): 33-45. DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020061 |
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| 作者姓名： | 柳书俊 姚新转 赵德刚 吕立堂 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.贵州大学茶学院,贵州 贵阳 550025;2.贵州大学农业生物工程研究院山地植物资源与种质创新省部共建教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 550025;3.贵州省农业科学院,贵州 贵阳 550025 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探明湄潭茶园土壤养分特征及肥力质量现状,选用pH、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾6个指标,应用主成分分析法对湄潭6种类型茶园土壤养分特征及肥力质量状况进行评价。结果表明:1)湄潭茶园土壤pH为3.73~7.26,均值为5.01,61.11%的茶园土壤达到优质茶园的标准,湄潭茶园土壤pH整体适宜,16.67%的茶园土壤有酸化趋势。2)湄潭茶园土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量整体丰富,均值分别为22.84 g·kg-1、1.43 g·kg-1、124.50 mg·kg-1、44.16 mg·kg-1和135.61 mg·kg-1,分别有61.11%、70.37%、61.11%、55.56%和59.26%的茶园土壤达到优质茶园的标准,但各养分指标之间存在着明显的空间差异。3)湄潭茶园土壤肥力综合指标值(IFI)为0.179~0.989,均值为0.683,分别有51.85%和31.48%的茶园土壤处于Ⅰ和Ⅱ级水平,土壤养分状况整体良好;各类型茶园IFI之间存在明显的空间差异,其由大到小分别为:中山黄壤>丘陵黄壤>丘陵石灰土>低山黄壤>中山石灰土>低山石灰土。4) pH与有机质、全氮、有效磷之间呈极显著负相关关系,与碱解氮呈显著负相关关系;各养分指标之间存在着显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01)的正相关关系,各养分之间关系比较密切且具有同源性。pH与IFI呈极显著(P<0.01)负相关关系,其他养分指标均与IFI呈极显著(P<0.01)正相关关系。
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| 关 键 词： | 湄潭茶园 土壤养分 土壤肥力质量 土壤肥力综合指标值 主成分分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-02-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-03-23 |
An evaluation of soil nutrient status and balance in Meitan tea plantations |
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| LIU Shu-jun,YAO Xin-zhuan,ZHAO De-gang,LÜ,Li-tang. An evaluation of soil nutrient status and balance in Meitan tea plantations[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(11): 33-45. DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020061 |
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| Authors: | LIU Shu-jun YAO Xin-zhuan ZHAO De-gang LÜ Li-tang |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;2. The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;3. Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550025, China |
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| Abstract: | This research investigated the soil nutrient status and balance in Meitan tea plantations. Six indicators were selected (pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium) and data on these collected for six categories of tea plantation. The data were evaluated by principal component analysis. It was found that: 1) The soil pH of Meitan tea plantations ranged from 3.73 to 7.26, with an average value of 5.01. In 61.11% of the surveyed tea plantations, the soil tests satisfied the standard set for high quality tea plantations. Hence, the soil pH of Meitan tea plantations was generally suitable, although soil in 16.67% of the tea plantations had an acidification trend. 2) The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in Meitan tea plantations were in most cases rich, with average values of 22.84 g·kg-1, 1.43 g·kg-1, 124.50 mg·kg-1, 44.16 mg·kg-1 and 135.61 mg·kg-1, respectively. For the same list of tests, soil in 61.11%, 70.37%, 61.11%, 55.56% and 59.26%, respectively, of the tea plantations met the standard for high quality tea plantations, but the status for individual nutrients differed between plantations. 3) The integrated fertility index (IFI) range for the surveyed Meitan tea plantations was 0.179-0.989, with an average value of 0.683. In 51.85% of the tea plantations soil was at level Ⅰ status, and in 31.48%, it was at level Ⅱ. Hence, the soil nutrient status is generally good. There were obvious differences in IFI between the different categories of tea plantations, with the ranking being: medium mountain yellow soil>hilly yellow soil>hilly calcareous soil>low mountain yellow soil>medium mountain calcareous soil>low mountain calcareous soil. 4) There was a very significant negative correlation between pH and organic matter, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus, and a significant negative correlation of pH with alkaline nitrogen. There was a significant (P<0.05) and a very significant (P<0.01) positive correlation between the nutrient indexes; i.e. the values for the various nutrients at any one test site were relatively close and homologous. Tea plantation values for soil pH were negatively correlated with IFI (P<0.01), and test values for other nutrients were positively correlated with IFI (P<0.01). |
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| Keywords: | Meitan tea plantations soil nutrient soil fertility quality integrated fertility index (IFI) principal component analysis |
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