| 我国外来生物入侵的立法概况 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙志凡. 我国外来生物入侵的立法概况[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2018, 34(4): 533-538. DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2018.04.006 |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙志凡 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京农学院植物科学技术学院, 北京 102206 |
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| 摘 要： | 随着经济全球化的加速，外来生物入侵现象日益严重。外来入侵生物一直被认为是世界范围内对生物多样性最大威胁之一，其对全球的经济发展、生态环境及人类健康造成了巨大的危害。由于复杂独特的地貌和各种气候类型，中国的外来生物入侵问题也正在面临巨大的挑战。针对这一现状笔者浅析了我国外来生物入侵的立法概况，指出我国在外来入侵生物立法过程中存在的问题，如立法地位低、制度薄弱、立法本意的背离、对长期利益的忽视和法律责任制度不明确等。为了完善我国外来入侵生物的法律制度，本文结合外来入侵生物的国际公约和外国法律，如美国、日本等法律法规，提出相关建议，包括立法化以防止外来生物入侵；整合行政资源，建立专门机构以限制外来生物的使用；建立对外来入侵生物和应急反应机制的跟踪和监控措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 外来入侵种类 立法 对策 法律责任制度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-04-03 |
Reflection on the Legal Issues of Alien Invasive Species |
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| SUN Zhifan. Reflection on the Legal Issues of Alien Invasive Species[J]. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2018, 34(4): 533-538. DOI: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2018.04.006 |
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| Authors: | SUN Zhifan |
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| Affiliation: | Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China |
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| Abstract: | With the acceleration of economic globalization, alien invasive species is becoming increasingly serious. The alien invasive species has long been regarded as one of the biggest threats to biodiversity in the world, causing great harm to the global economic development, ecological environment and human health. Because of complicated and unique landscapes and various climate types, the problem of alien invasive species in China is also facing huge challenge. So, the general legislation level of alien invasive species in China is investigated, and some deficiencies in the process of legislation of alien invasive species are found, including low legislative rank and weak system, deviations of legislative intent, unconcern of long-term interest and unclear legal liability system. To improve the laws and regulations system of alien invasive species in China, some suggestions are put forward based on the international conventions and foreign laws from the United States and Japan, including legislating to prevent the invasion of alien species, integrating administrative resources and setting up specialized agencies to combat the use of exotic species, and establishing of tracking and monitoring of alien invasive species and emergency response mechanism. |
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| Keywords: | alien invasive species legislation countermeasures legal liability system |
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