| 堆肥过程中氮素转化及保氮措施研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 翁 洵,王 炎,郑孟菲,何长征. 堆肥过程中氮素转化及保氮措施研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(27): 26-32 |
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| 作者姓名： | 翁 洵 王 炎 郑孟菲 何长征 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南农业大学园艺园林学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 2015 年湖南农业大学大学生创新性实验计划项目“阳台蔬菜菌渣复合栽培基质的研制”(XCX15129)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 堆肥过程中氮素损失既降低堆肥质量,又污染环境。为了深入研究堆肥过程中的氮素转化及合理的堆肥保氮措施,笔者归纳总结了堆肥中氮素的氨化作用、氨同化作用、硝化作用、反硝化作用以及形成鸟粪石沉淀等过程,分析了与氮素损失密切相关的堆体的C/N比、pH值、温度、通风与氧气供应等因素,指出可通过调节C/N比、接种微生物菌剂、添加吸附剂和化学物质、控制通风等措施控制氮素损失。今后有必要从基于堆料碳氮组成形态的C/N比、氮素转化的微生物学机理以及适合规模化堆肥生产的保氮技术等方面进一步开展研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 堆肥 氮转化 保氮措施 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-05-25 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017-08-30 |
Nitrogen Transformation and Nitrogen Conservation in Composting: Research Progress |
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| Abstract: | Nitrogen loss during composting not only reduces the quality of the compost, but also pollutes environment. To study nitrogen transformation and proper measures of nitrogen conservation during composting, the authors summarized ammonification, ammonia assimilation, nitrification, denitrification and struvite formation in compost. Factors such as C/N ratio, pH value, temperature and ventilation influencing nitrogen loss during composting were also analyzed. Measures like regulating C/N ratio, inoculating microbial agents, adding adsorbents and chemicals, and controlling ventilation for controlling nitrogen loss were demonstrated. In future, further studies should be carried out on the C/N ratio based on the form of carbon and nitrogen, the microbiological mechanism of nitrogen transformation and the technology for minimizing nitrogen loss that suitable for large-scale composting production. |
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| Keywords: | composting nitrogen transformation nitrogen conservation |
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