| 冬小麦不同茎蘖生产力对立体匀播技术的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 陶志强,王艳杰,王德梅,杨玉双,徐哲莉,赵广才,常旭虹. 冬小麦不同茎蘖生产力对立体匀播技术的响应[J]. 作物杂志, 2019, 35(2): 110-254. DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.02.017 |
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| 作者姓名： | 陶志强 王艳杰 王德梅 杨玉双 徐哲莉 赵广才 常旭虹 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业农村部作物生理生态重点实验室,100081,北京2 石家庄市农林科学研究院赵县实验基地,051530,河北石家庄 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300407);国家小麦产业技术体系(CARS-03) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了明确小麦立体匀播技术对茎蘖生产力的影响,完善小麦立体匀播技术提高小麦生产力的理论,以多穗型品种藁优2018为试验材料,采用立体匀播和常规条播2种播种方式,探讨了立体匀播对茎蘖叶片光合速率、子粒灌浆特性、生物产量、子粒产量和收获指数的影响。结果表明,与常规条播相比,立体匀播处理的主茎千粒重与之相等;第一子蘖（1蘖）旗叶灌浆期的净光合速率（Pn）提高了0.3%,达到最大灌浆速率的时间、缓慢增长期、指数增长期、增长滞缓期分别延长了0.12、0.12、0.11、0.12d,千粒重和单穗粒重分别增加了0.5和0.03g;第二子蘖（2蘖）Pn提高了8.0%,并且随着灌浆期推进其下降幅度减缓,最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率、千粒重分别提高了2.0%、1.8%、2.3g,成熟期单株生物产量、单穗粒重和收获指数分别增加了0.3g、0.11g和0.02。综合以上结果得出,立体匀播处理在保持主茎粒重不降低的同时,提高了1蘖Pn,延长了灌浆持续期,进而提高了粒重;提高了2蘖的Pn和子粒灌浆速率,进而提高了粒重;并且缩小了1蘖、2蘖与主茎粒重之间的差异,提高了茎蘖群体的整齐度,进而提高了单株和群体生产力。
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| 关 键 词： | 立体匀播 小麦 灌浆速率 光合速率 粒重 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-02-25 |
Response of Productive Capacity among Tillers in Winter Wheat to Tridimensional Uniform Sowing |
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| Zhiqiang Tao,Yanjie Wang,Demei Wang,Yushuang Yang,Zheli Xu,Guangcai Zhao,Xuhong Chang. Response of Productive Capacity among Tillers in Winter Wheat to Tridimensional Uniform Sowing[J]. Crops, 2019, 35(2): 110-254. DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.02.017 |
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| Authors: | Zhiqiang Tao Yanjie Wang Demei Wang Yushuang Yang Zheli Xu Guangcai Zhao Xuhong Chang |
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| Affiliation: | 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China;2 Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Zhaoxian 051530, Hebei, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to clarify the effect of tridimensional uniform sowing (TUS) on productive capacity of wheat tillers, improve the high yield potentiality of TUS technology theory,we conducted a test with the variety of Gaoyou 2018 (much tillers), two sowing patterns including TUS and conventional drilling (CD), and discussed the effect of TUS on net photosynthetic rate (Pn), grain filling characteristics, biomass, grain yield and harvest index among different tillers. The results showed that compared with CD, 1000-kernel weight of the main stem (Z) in TUS unchanged. In the first tiller (1N), Pn of flag leaf increased by 0.3% at grain filling stage; the duration, slow increase period, exponential increase period, stopping growth period of grain weight reaching the maximum grain filling rate extended 0.12, 0.12, 0.11, 0.12d; respectively. 1000-kernel weight and kernels weight per spike increased 0.5 and 0.03g, respectively. In the second tiller (2N), Pn increased by 8.0%, and decreased slowly with the development of grain filling process. The maximum grain filling rate, mean grain filling rate, 1000-kernel weight increased by 2.0%, 1.8%, 2.3g, respectively; The biomass, kernels weight per spike, harvest index increased 0.3g, 0.11g, 0.02. respectively. In conclusion, TUS remained 1000-kernel weight of the main stem to be not reduced, and improved Pn, grain filling duration as well as kernel weight in 1N simultaneously. Moreover, TUS also improved Pn, grain filling rate and kernel weight in 2N. The difference of kernel weight among 1N, 2N and Z was reduced, the uniformity of tillers was improved, and the productive capacity per plant and population were increased under TUS. |
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| Keywords: | Tridimensional uniform sowing Wheat Grain filling rate Photosynthetic rate Kernel weight |
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