| 蔬菜废弃物堆肥化技术研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋春丽. 蔬菜废弃物堆肥化技术研究[J]. 农学学报, 2019, 9(9): 40-44. DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18050014 |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋春丽 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海农林职业技术学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海农林职业技术学院科研课题“农业有机固体废弃物堆肥化技术研究”(KY1-0000-16-06)。 |
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| 摘 要： | [目的] 为探讨蔬菜废弃物堆肥化处理的最佳有机物配比组合,及添加微生物菌剂对蔬菜废弃物堆肥化的影响,[方法]本研究利用碧奥兰堆肥箱作为堆肥发酵仓,以蔬菜废弃物为原料,通过添加水稻秸秆、杂草等材料调节含水量和C/N进行堆肥发酵试验。设置处理1(蔬菜+水稻秸秆)、处理2(蔬菜+水稻秸秆+杂草)、处理3(蔬菜+水稻秸秆+微生物菌剂)三个处理,测定各处理的温度、含水率、pH、C/N以及发芽指数( GI) 等指标的变化。[结果]结果表明：蔬菜废弃物可通过添加秸秆、杂草等进行堆肥发酵,实现减量化、无害化、资源化的目的。添加微生物菌剂的处理在堆肥的第37d即完成发酵进程,而未添加微生物菌剂的处理在同条件下需要50d。[结论]添加外源微生物能显著提高堆肥温度、延长堆肥高温时间、加快有机物质的分解速率、缩短堆肥发酵周期。同时添加微生物菌剂可以促进堆肥的腐熟,降低堆肥产品对植物发芽和生长的不良影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 草地早熟禾 草地早熟禾 盐胁迫 耐盐系数 主成分分析 隶属函数综合评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-05-14 |
Study on Composting Techniques of Vegetable Wastes |
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| Abstract: | The paper aims to discuss the best combination of organic matter composting with vegetable wastes and the effect of adding microbial agent. The Biolan compost bin was used as a compost fermentation silo, and vegetable wastes were used as raw materials. The composting fermentation experiment was conducted by adding rice straw, weeds to adjust the water content and C/N. The treatments included treatment 1 (vegetables+ rice straw), treatment 2 (vegetables+ rice straw+ weeds), and treatment 3 (vegetable+ rice straw+ microbial agent). The changes in temperature, moisture content, pH value, C/N, and germination index (GI) of each treatment were measured. The results showed that vegetable wastes can be composted by adding straw and weeds to achieve reduction, harmlessness, and recycling. The treatment with the microbial agent was completed on the 37th day of composting, while the treatment without the microbial inoculum required 50 days under the same condition. The addition of exogenous microorganisms can significantly increase the composting temperature, prolong the time of high-temperature composting, accelerate the decomposition rate of organicmatter, and shorten the fermentation cycle of composting. The addition of microbial agents can promote compost maturity and reduce the adverse effects of compost products on plant germination and growth. |
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