| 不同施肥方式和播种量对华南直播稻产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 傅友强,梁开明,麦国勋,潘华荣,许浩奇,潘俊峰,胡香玉,钟旭华,黄农荣. 不同施肥方式和播种量对华南直播稻产量的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2021, 27(5): 84-89. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.05.018 |
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| 作者姓名： | 傅友强 梁开明 麦国勋 潘华荣 许浩奇 潘俊峰 胡香玉 钟旭华 黄农荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.广东省农业科学院 水稻研究所/广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室,广州 510640;2.广东省湛江市廉江市营仔镇农业技术推广站,广东 廉江 524446 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省自然科学基金（2021A1515010566; 2021A1515010617）;广东省农科院水稻所优谷计划项目（2021YG04）;广东省农业科学院院长基金项目（202040）;广东省农业科学院“十四五”农业优势产业学科团队建设项目（202112TD）;科技创新战略专项资金“高水平农科院建设”（R2016YJ-YB3004; R2018QD-011）;广东重点实验室资助项目（2020B1212060047） |
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| 摘 要： | 水稻直播是一种轻简高效栽培模式,具有良好的应用前景。在粤西直播稻区开展大田试验,探究不同施肥方式（习惯法和“三控”法）和播种量（2.0、3.5、5.0、6.5、8.0和10.0 kg/667 m2）对直播稻产量的影响。结果表明,与习惯法施肥相比,采用“三控”法施肥的水稻有效穗数和结实率分别降低20.1%和5.1%,但每穗颖花数增加31.6%,稻谷产量增加11.3%。随着播种量的增加,水稻有效穗数从304万/ hm2增加到464万/hm2,每穗颖花数从112.09个降低到81.90个;稻谷产量以播种量为3.5 kg/667 m2的处理最高,达6.66 t/hm2。综上所述,华南直播稻生产应选择每穗颖花数多、收获指数高且千粒重大的品种,播种量3.5 kg/667 m2,采用“三控”法施肥。
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| 关 键 词： | 直播稻 播种量 “三控”施肥技术 稻谷产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-22 |
Effects of Different Fertilization Technologies and Sowing Rates on Grain Yield of Direct Seeded Rice in South China |
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| Youqiang FU,Kaiming LIANG,Guoxun MAI,Huarong PAN,Haoqi XU,Junfeng PAN,Xiangyu HU,Xuhua ZHONG,Nongrong HUANG. Effects of Different Fertilization Technologies and Sowing Rates on Grain Yield of Direct Seeded Rice in South China[J]. China Rice, 2021, 27(5): 84-89. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.05.018 |
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| Authors: | Youqiang FU Kaiming LIANG Guoxun MAI Huarong PAN Haoqi XU Junfeng PAN Xiangyu HU Xuhua ZHONG Nongrong HUANG |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology for Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China;2.Yingzi Town Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Lianjiang, Guangdong 524446, China |
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| Abstract: | Direct seeding of rice is a simplified and high-efficient cultivation model with good application prospects. A field experiment was carried out in the direct-seeding rice area in western Guangdong, and the effects of different fertilization methods （farmer fertilization method and “three control” fertilization method） and sowing rates （2.0, 3.5, 5.0, 6.5, 8.0 and 10.0 kg/667 m2） on yield of the direct-seeding rice were studied. The results showed that, compared with farmer fertilization method, the effective panicle number and seed setting rate of rice using the “three-control” fertilization method decreased by 20.1% and 5.1%, respectively, but the number of spikelets per panicle increased by 31.6%, and the grain yield increased by 11.3%. With the increase of seeding rate, the number of effective panicles of rice increased from 3.04 million/hm2 to 4.64 million/hm2, and the number of spikelets per panicle decreased from 112.09 to 81.90. When the sowing rate was 3.5 kg/667 m2, the grain yield reached 6.66 t/ hm2, which was the highest among all sowing rate treatments. In summary, the varieties with a large number of spikelets per panicle, a high harvest index and a large thousand grains are suitable for direct-seeding rice production in South China, with a sowing rate of 3.5 kg/667 m2 and the “three controls” fertilization technology. |
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| Keywords: | direct seeded rice sowing rate grain yield three control fertilization technology |
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