| 氮磷钾配比施肥对番石榴生长发育和果实品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄婉莉,张朝坤,康仕成,李辉. 氮磷钾配比施肥对番石榴生长发育和果实品质的影响[J]. 南方农业学报, 2022, 53(5): 1288-1295. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2022.05.011 |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄婉莉 张朝坤 康仕成 李辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 漳州市农业科学研究所, 福建漳州 363005;2 闽南师范大学生物科学与技术学院, 福建漳州 363005 |
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| 基金项目： | 福建省科技计划项目（2019N0055） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】探究不同氮磷钾配比施肥对番石榴生长发育和果实品质的影响，以期为番石榴合理施肥提供理论依据。【方法】采用基质容器栽培的方法，设置3组不同氮磷钾配比的营养液，即处理A（高氮低磷中钾，10∶6∶13）、处理B（低氮中磷高钾，6∶7∶16）和处理C（低氮低磷高钾，8∶4∶15），以复合肥为对照，分析不同氮磷钾配比施肥对...
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| 关 键 词： | 番石榴 施肥 生长发育 果实品质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-06-11 |
Effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium ratio of fertilization on the growth and development and fruit quality of Psidium guajava L. |
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| HUANG Wan-li,ZHANG Chao-kun,KANG Shi-cheng,LI Hui. Effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium ratio of fertilization on the growth and development and fruit quality of Psidium guajava L.[J]. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2022, 53(5): 1288-1295. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2022.05.011 |
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| Authors: | HUANG Wan-li ZHANG Chao-kun KANG Shi-cheng LI Hui |
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| Affiliation: | 1 Zhangzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363005, China;2 School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363005, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】To explore the effects of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium ratio of fertilization on the growth and development and fruit quality of Psidium guajava，so as to provide a theoretical basis for the appropriate fertilization of P. guajava.【Method】Using the method of matrix container cultivation，three groups of nutrient solutions with different nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium ratios were set up，which were treatment A（high nitrogen，low phosphorus and medium potassium，10∶6∶13），treatment B（low nitrogen，medium phosphorus and high potassium，6∶7∶16）and treatment C（low nitrogen，low phosphorus and high potassium，8∶4∶15）. With compound fertilizer as the control，the effects of different nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium ratios on the nutritional growth，reproductive growth and fruit quality of P. guajava cultivated in matrix container were analyzed.【Result】Effects of fertilizers of different nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium ratios on the nutritional growth of P. guajava were different. Treatment A and C were better than CK in terms of the growth of trunk diameter increase，the length and diameter of primary and secondary branches and leaf area. Treatment B had no significant difference with CK（P>0.05，the same below）. The mineral content of leaves treated with nutrient solution was significantly higher than that of CK（P<0.05）. Compared with CK，the content of nitrogen，calcium，magnesium，boron and zinc in leavesin treatment A increased by 12.50%，115.25%，61.53%，13.29% and 14.01% respectively. In terms of reproductive growth，the flowering branch rate，fruit setting rate，single fruit weight and single plant yield of treatment A increased by 4.53%，10.85%，7.41% and 29.49% respectively compared with CK，while other treatments had no significant difference with CK. In terms of fruit quality，the contents of soluble solid，soluble sugar，reducing sugar and VC in treatment A were increased by 22.42%，16.54%，15.09% and 8.27% respectively compared with CK，while there was no significant difference between other treatments and CK.【Conclusion】In conclusion，the fertilization treatment of increasing potassium and reducing phosphorus on the basis of high nitrogen effectively promotes the vegetative growth of P. guajava plants and increases P. guajava yield，and plays a certain role in the improvement of fruit soluble solids，soluble sugar and other quality indicators. It is suggested that the fertilization ratio of P. guajava in southern Fujian is N∶P2O5∶K2O=10∶6∶13. |
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