| 氮、磷、钾对滇重楼产量及皂苷含量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李金龙, 熊俊芬, 张海涛, 等. 氮、磷、钾对滇重楼产量及皂苷含量的影响[J]. 云南农业大学学报（自然科学）, 2016, 31(5): 895-901. DOI: 10.16211/j.issn.1004-390X(n).2016.05.019 |
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| 作者姓名： | 李金龙 熊俊芬 张海涛 魏少飞 杨生超 何忠俊 张兴芬 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.云南农业大学 资源与环境学院, 云南 昆明 650201;2.曲靖市麒麟区农业局, 云南 曲靖 655300;3.云南农业大学 云南省优势中药材规范化种植工程研究中心, 云南 昆明 650201;4.1. 云南农业大学 资源与环境学院, 云南 昆明 650201;5.2. 云南农业大学 云南省优势中药材规范化种植工程研究中心, 云南 昆明 650201 |
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| 摘 要： | 滇重楼是名贵道地中药材，过度采挖已使其野生资源濒临灭绝，人工栽培是解决滇重楼资源危机的必然途径。合理施用氮、磷、钾肥可提高其药用部位产量和品质。本文通过3414田间小区肥料效应试验，设N：23 kg/667 m2、P2O5：12 kg/667 m2、K2O：30 kg/667 m2为常规施肥水平，研究不同水平氮、磷、钾对滇重楼产量及皂苷含量的影响。结果表明：土壤氮、磷、钾的贡献率分别为77.97%，64.93%和136.52%，土壤供钾量丰富，供氮量中等，供磷量不足；增施氮肥和磷肥，不施钾肥可提高滇重楼的产量。由滇重楼根茎增产率的单因素、双因素和三因素肥料效应函数方程可知：单施氮、磷、钾肥对滇重楼根茎增产率影响较小，氮、磷、钾配施对滇重楼根茎增产率影响最大；三因素肥料效应方程推荐的最佳施肥量（N：34.5 kg/667 m2，P2O5：18 kg/667 m2，K2O：0 kg/667 m2）所得滇重楼根茎增长率最高，为87%；适量的氮肥和磷肥可提高滇重楼新、老根茎的皂苷含量，增施钾肥会使滇重楼新根茎皂苷含量降低。当氮肥和磷肥施用量分别为23 kg/667 m2和18 kg/667 m2时，滇重楼新、老根茎总皂苷含量最高；钾肥施用量为0 kg/667 m2时，滇重楼新根茎总皂苷含量最高。
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| 关 键 词： | 3414肥料试验 滇重楼 皂苷 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-04-21 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015-05-27 |
Effects of NPK Fertilizer on Yield and Total Saponin Contents in Paris polyphilla var. yunnanensis |
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| LI Jinlong, XIONG Junfen, ZHANG Haitao, et al. Effects of NPK Fertilizer on Yield and Total Saponin Contents in Paris polyphilla var. yunnanensis[J]. JOURNAL OF YUNNAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY（Natural Science）, 2016, 31(5): 895-901. DOI: 10.16211/j.issn.1004-390X(n).2016.05.019 |
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| Authors: | LI Jinlong XIONG Junfen ZHANG Haitao WEI Shaofei YANG Shengchao HE Zhongjun ZHANG Xingfen |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Resource and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;2.Qilin Agricultural Bureau, Qujing 655300, China;3.Yunnan Research centre on Good Agricultural Practice for Dominant Chinese Medicinal Materials, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;4.1. College of Resource and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;5.2. Yunnan Research centre on Good Agricultural Practice for Dominant Chinese Medicinal Materials, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China |
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| Abstract: | Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis is an expensive genuine medicine material in China. It is endangered due to excessive excavation in recent years. Artificial cultivation of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis is an important measure to resolve supply problem and rational application of NPK fertilization can increase yield and medical quality.3414 fertilization experiment were conducted with regular fertilization of NPK (N:23 kg/667 m2, P2O5:12 kg/667 m2, K2O:30 kg/667 m2) was carried out to study the effect of different rates of NPK fertilization on yield and total saponin content of rhizome.The result showed that contributions of soil NPK fertility were 77.97%,64.93% and 136.52%,respectively,the content of potassium in soil was abundant, and nitrogen was in middle degree, phosphorus was deficient. N and P fertilizer application increased yield and saponin content of rhizome.It showed that single application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer increased little yield of rhizome,combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with a significant effect on increasing rhizome yield. It had a highest growth rates in P. polyphylla rhizome yield(87%)with applying optimum amount of fertilizer (N:34.5 kg/667 m2, P2O5:18 kg/667 m2, K2O:0 kg/667 m2). The study showed that N fertilizer and P fertilizer could improve the content of saponin in new and old rhizome of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, K fertilizer reduced the content of saponin in new rhizome. The saponin content reached the maximum when N and P2O5 application rates were 23 kg/667 m2 and 18 kg/667 m2,respectively.The content of saponin in new rhizome of P. polyphylla was the highest when K fertilizer application rate was 0 kg/667 m2. |
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| Keywords: | 3414 fertilizer experiment Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis saponin yield |
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