| 印楝提取物制备的微囊防腐剂在木材中的固化规律 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘露晨,徐国祺. 印楝提取物制备的微囊防腐剂在木材中的固化规律[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(4): 117-124. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170447 |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘露晨 徐国祺 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北林业大学工程技术学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(31500470)，黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2016014) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的印楝是一种抑菌效果优良的天然材料，这种材料不仅可以防止木材腐朽而且不会污染环境。使用印楝种子提取印楝植物活性成分，将其制备成微囊防腐剂，探究该防腐剂在木材中受温度影响的固化规律及抑菌性能。方法首先利用印楝提取物制备微囊防腐剂预制剂，使之能够更好地进入木材中，再通过程序升温的方法来比较在不同温度控制下微囊防腐剂在木材中的成囊情况。同时，通过褐腐菌抑菌实验考察防腐剂的抑菌性能。使用褐腐菌侵蚀不同处理的樟子松试件12周，通过试件的质量损失率来表征耐腐性能。通过40、50、60、70、80 ℃程序升温处理后的大青杨试件微观电镜图，分析印楝提取物微囊防腐剂在木材中的固化规律。结果经80 ℃升温处理后的樟子松细胞腔内也形成了微囊结构。褐腐菌抑菌实验结果显示:受褐腐菌侵蚀后，樟子松试件对照组质量损失率达到21.05%；经印楝种子提取物处理的试件质量损失率为10.96%，达到耐腐标准；经MUF处理的试件质量损失率为29.23%；经印楝提取物微囊防腐剂处理的试件质量损失率为6.01%，达到强耐腐等级。结论随着升温温度的升高，固化形成的微囊颗粒呈减小趋势，且在木材细胞壁中的分布更为均匀，结合更为紧密。印楝提取物制备的微囊防腐剂达到强耐腐等级，这说明印楝提取物制备的微囊防腐剂具有较好的防腐效果，而且防腐效果较持久。
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| 关 键 词： | 木材防腐剂 印楝提取物 微囊 植物活性成分 固化规律 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-12-20 |
Curing rule of microcapsules preservatives prepared from neem extracts in wood |
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| Liu Luchen,Xu Guoqi. Curing rule of microcapsules preservatives prepared from neem extracts in wood[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(4): 117-124. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170447 |
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| Authors: | Liu Luchen Xu Guoqi |
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| Affiliation: | College of Engineering and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveNeem(Melia azedarach)is a natural material with excellent antifungal effect, which can not only prevent the wood from decay but also keep the environment unpolluted. In order to research the curing rule with temperature and antibacterial properties, active components extracted from neem seeds were used to prepare microcapsules preservatives.MethodFirst, preformulations of microcapsules preservatives were prepared for easy access to wood. Then, the microcapsule conditions under different temperature controls were compared through temperature-programmed route. Their antifungal properties against Gloeophyllum trabeum were analyzed by tests. The mass loss rate of Pinus sylvestris was measured to characterize the decay resistance after the wood was treated by Gloeophyllum trabeum for 12 weeks. By SEM images of Populus ussuriensis wood through different temperature-programmed routes (40, 50, 60, 70, 80 ℃), we analyzed the curing rules in wood.ResultMicrocapsule structure was formed in the lumen of Pinus sylvestris through the temperature-programmed route of 80 ℃. After the treatments of Gloeophyllum trabeum for 12 weeks, the mass loss rate of untreated wood was 21.05%. The mass loss rate of Pinus sylvestris wood treated with neem seed extracts was 10.96%, which reached the standard of decay resistance. The mass loss rate of Pinus sylvestris wood treated with MUF was 29.23%, and that of Pinus sylvestris wood treated with microcapsule preservative prepared from neem extracts was 6.01%, which reached a strong decay resistance.ConclusionWith the temperature increasing, the microcapsule particles became smaller, distributed more evenly and tightly in the cell wall. Microcapsules preservatives prepared from neem extracts reached a strong decay resistance, which means that the preservative performs a better and lasting antifungal effect. |
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