| 烟粉虱B型和Q型竞争能力的室内比较分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 卢少华,李静静,刘明杨,白润娥,汤清波,闫凤鸣. 烟粉虱B型和Q型竞争能力的室内比较分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(7): 1339-1347. DOI: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.07.09 |
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| 作者姓名： | 卢少华 李静静 刘明杨 白润娥 汤清波 闫凤鸣 |
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| 作者单位： | 河南农业大学植物保护学院，郑州 450002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(31471776) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】烟粉虱（Bemisia tabaci）B型和Q型均为外来入侵种类。近年田间调查表明，Q型在中国大部分地区已经取代B型成为优势种，有必要研究烟粉虱生物型之间的取代机制及其影响因素。论文在实验室条件下比较这两种生物型的取食能力及竞争能力，以期为烟粉虱有效治理提供依据。【方法】利用刺吸电位（electrical penetration graph，EPG）技术测定烟粉虱B型和Q型雌、雄成虫在黄瓜叶片上的取食行为，并在室内黄瓜上混合饲养两种烟粉虱生物型，多代监测其种群动态和雌雄比例，以比较其在室内无农药压力条件下的竞争力。【结果】 EPG结果显示，（i）总体上，烟粉虱B型的总刺探次数（P=0.020）和刺探的总持续时间（P=0.048）显著高于Q型；在第2阶段B型E波时间百分比显著低于Q型（P=0.001），刺探时间百分比差异不显著；B型Pd波总次数（P=0.012）和Pd波总持续时间（P=0.016）均显著高于Q型；（ii）烟粉虱B型雌性非刺探波Np的时间百分比显著低于雄性（P=0.035）；而第2阶段刺探时间的百分比显著大于雄性（P=0.011），与唾液分泌相关的第2阶段E波百分比却显著短于雄性（P＜0.001）；但B型雌、雄性成虫在第3阶段吸食韧皮部汁液的时间则差异不显著（P＞0.05）。Q型雌性不仅在第2阶段刺探的百分比显著高于雄性（P=0.031），而且在整个记录时间内的总持续时间也显著高于雄性（P=0.039），而雌性的非刺探时间Np波却显著短于雄性（P=0.038）；（iii）对于雌性，烟粉虱B型被动吸食植物汁液的E2＞10 min的个数显著多于Q型（P=0.036）；但是，烟粉虱Q型雌性第2阶段E波百分比显著高于B型雌性（P＜0.001）。两种生物型混合饲养结果显示，随烟粉虱世代增加，B型和Q型所占比例逐步出现分化。第1代时，B型种群数量在混合种群中所占比例已接近80%；而第5代和第6代时，B型所占比例已达到98%，Q型近乎完全被B型取代。同种生物型烟粉虱两性间的比例变化趋势一致，且同种生物型烟粉虱雌性所占比例均略高于其雄性。【结论】室内EPG记录和多代混养种群动态结果都表明，在室内没有农药压力的环境下，烟粉虱B型在黄瓜上的取食能力和种群竞争能力均高于Q型，而且两种生物型雌性的取食和竞争能力均高于雄性。
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| 关 键 词： | 烟粉虱 B生物型 Q生物型 竞争力 刺吸电位技术（EPG） 寄主适应性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-10-13 |
Comparative Analysis of the Competitiveness Between B and Q Biotypes of Bemisia tabaci Under Laboratory Conditions |
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| LU Shao-hua;LI Jing-jing;LIU Ming-yang;BAI Run-e;TANG Qing-bo;YAN Feng-ming. Comparative Analysis of the Competitiveness Between B and Q Biotypes of Bemisia tabaci Under Laboratory Conditions[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(7): 1339-1347. DOI: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.07.09 |
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| Authors: | LU Shao-hua LI Jing-jing LIU Ming-yang BAI Run-e TANG Qing-bo YAN Feng-ming |
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| Affiliation: | College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002 |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】B and Q biotypes of Bemisia tabaci are two invasive cryptic species in China. The field investigation showed that Q biotype is becoming the dominant replacing B biotype in most areas of China in recent years. It is necessary to research the mechanisms and the influencing factor of the B. tabaci biotype replacement. Differences of feeding behaviors and competitiveness between B and Q biotypes of B. tabaci were compared under laboratory conditions, aiming to provide a basis for effective management of whiteflies. 【Method】 The stylet probing behaviors of B and Q biotypes of B. tabaci on Cucumis sativus were recorded and analyzed by using the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique. The competitiveness of the two biotypes of B. tabaci was compared by investigating the population dynamics of the two biotypes in six successive generations on C. sativus. 【Result】 EPG results showed that B biotype B. tabaci had significantly more total number of probes (P=0.020) and longer total duration of probes (P=0.048) than Q biotype, and during the 2nd phase, the percentage of E was mainly lower (P=0.001) in B biotype than Q biotype, but there was no significant difference in percentage of probing duration between the two biotypes. Q biotype had significantly more total number of Pd (potential drop) (P=0.012) and longer total duration of Pd (P=0.016). For comparison of males and females in the same biotype, B biotype females were significantly lower than B biotype males in the percentage of Np (P=0.035) and the percentage of E (P＜0.001) during the 2nd phase, but females had significantly higher percentage of probe duration (P=0.011) than males. However, there was no significant difference in the duration of E(P＞0.05) in the 3rd phase between males and females of B biotype. For Q biotype, females not only had significantly higher percentage of probing duration (P=0.031) in the 2nd phase than Q biotype males, but also had significantly longer total duration of probes (P=0.039). Q biotype females had significantly shorter total duration of Np (P=0.038) than Q biotype males. There were no significant differences between males of B and Q biotypes for all EPG variables. For females whiteflies, B biotype had significantly more total number of individuals with E2＞10 min (P=0.036) than Q biotype, but Q biotype females had significantly higher percentage of E (P＜0.001) than B biotype in the 2nd phase. The results of the population dynamics of whiteflies on cucumber plants showed that the percentages of populations of the two biotypes became more and more divergent with the generations. In the 1st generation, the percentage of B biotype in the whole population almost reached 80%, and the percentage of the B biotype out of the whole population in the 5th generation and 6th already reached 98%. 【Conclusion】 Both the feeding ability and the competitiveness of B. tabaci B biotype were higher than those of Q biotype on cucumber without insecticide stresses in the laboratory, and those of females in either biotype of B and Q were higher than males. |
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| Keywords: | Bemisia tabaci B biotype Q biotype competitiveness electrical penetration graph (EPG) host adaptation |
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