| 青海省海北地区高寒草甸群落特征和生物量对短期休牧的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐田伟,赵炯昌,毛绍娟,耿远月,刘宏金,赵新全,徐世晓. 青海省海北地区高寒草甸群落特征和生物量对短期休牧的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(4): 1-8. DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2019312 |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐田伟 赵炯昌 毛绍娟 耿远月 刘宏金 赵新全 徐世晓 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海 西宁 810008; 2.云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院 云南 昆明 650500; 3.青海大学生态环境工程学院 青海 西宁 810016; 4.中国科学院大学,北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项A类(XDA23060603、XDA2005010406),2018年度青海三江源生态保护和建设二期工程科研和推广项目(2018-S-2),青海大学中青年科研基金项目(2016-QNY-4),国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0501905、2016YFC0501805)和中国科学院“西部青年学者”B类项目资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 为揭示高寒草甸植被群落特征和生物量对短期休牧的响应,为高寒草甸合理利用提供依据,于2017年9月上旬采用样方法对青海省海北州门源县的连续放牧、生长季休牧和禁牧1年的高寒草甸样地进行调查、取样和分析,研究了短期休牧对高寒草甸植被群落结构和地上/地下生物量的影响。结果表明:1)生长季休牧和禁牧1年较连续放牧极显著提高了高寒草甸的群落高度、群落盖度和样方物种丰富度(P<0.01),极显著提高了异针茅、矮嵩草、异叶米口袋和青海苜蓿等代表性牧草高度(P<0.01);2)生长季休牧和禁牧1年较连续放牧极显著提高了枯落物量和半腐殖质量(P<0.01),极显著提高了禾本科、豆科和阔叶类植物生物量(P<0.01),极显著提高了总地上生物量和优质牧草产量(P<0.01);3)生长季休牧和禁牧1年较连续放牧极显著提高了表层地下生物量(0~10 cm)和总地下生物量(0~30 cm)(P<0.01)。对于青海海北地区的未退化高寒草甸,可以采用短期休牧技术优化其群落结构,提高生物量和优质牧草产量,促进天然草地资源合理利用。
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| 关 键 词： | 高寒草甸 短期休牧 植被群落特征 生物量 根冠比 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-07-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-11-18 |
Response of plant community structure and biomass to short-term rest grazing in an alpine meadow in Haibei Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai |
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| XU Tian-wei,ZHAO Jiong-chang,MAO Shao-juan,GENG Yuan-yue,LIU Hong-jin,ZHAO Xin-quan,XU Shi-xiao. Response of plant community structure and biomass to short-term rest grazing in an alpine meadow in Haibei Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(4): 1-8. DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2019312 |
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| Authors: | XU Tian-wei ZHAO Jiong-chang MAO Shao-juan GENG Yuan-yue LIU Hong-jin ZHAO Xin-quan XU Shi-xiao |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; 2.Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; 3.College of Eco-environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; 4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | This study explored the effects of short-term rest grazing on plant community structure and biomass, in order to provide a theoretical basis for decisions on the sustainable utilization of alpine meadow grassland. The plant community structure and biomass at three study sites (continuously grazed [CG], rest grazing for a growing season [RGGS], and not grazed for one year [NG1Y]) in Haibei alpine meadow were sampled and analyzed, in early September 2017. It was found that: 1) RGGS and NG1Y significantly increased plant community height, ground cover and species richness compared to CG (P<0.01). These treatments also increased the height of representative species such as Stipa aliena, Kobresia humilis, Gueldenstaedtia diversifolia and Medicago archiducis-nicolaii (P<0.01). 2) RGGS and NG1Y significantly increased litter fall and humus accumulation (P<0.01), significantly increased grass, legume and broad-leaved herb species biomass (P<0.01), and also significantly increased total aboveground biomass and high quality forage yield, compared to CG (P<0.01). 3) RGGS and NG1Y significantly increased 0-10 cm belowground biomass and total belowground biomass (0-30 cm) (P<0.01). Therefore, short-term rest grazing can be used to benefit vegetation community structure, improve high quality herbage yield and promote sustainable utilization of alpine meadow in Haibei Autonomous Perfecture of Qinghai province. |
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| Keywords: | alpine meadow short-term rest grazing vegetation community structure biomass root-shoot ratio |
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