| 猪粪替代化肥对茶叶产量、品质和土壤肥力的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 周晓天,刘佩诗,常珺枫,郭龙,郭亮,张强,马友华. 猪粪替代化肥对茶叶产量、品质和土壤肥力的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2022, 53(2): 413-420. DOI: 10.19336/j.cnki.trtb.2021060701 |
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| 作者姓名： | 周晓天 刘佩诗 常珺枫 郭龙 郭亮 张强 马友华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/安徽农业大学资源与环境学院，安徽 合肥 230036 |
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| 基金项目： | 2017农业部果蔬茶有机肥替代化肥试点项目（皖农土函2017-651）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 将猪粪资源化利用于茶叶生产，在解决猪粪废弃物排放问题的同时，实现茶叶的提质增效。 方法 应用连续2年小区试验结果，研究以猪粪替代不同比例化肥对茶叶产量、品质和茶园土壤肥力的影响。 结果 在氮磷钾养分之和施用量一定的条件下，从茶叶的百芽质量、芽茶密度和产量综合评价以100%猪粪处理表现最佳，其次为70%猪粪处理。随着猪粪施用量的增加，茶叶中的游离氨基酸和水浸出物含量呈先降后升、茶多酚含量和酚氨比呈先升后降、咖啡碱含量呈逐渐上升趋势变化。100%猪粪处理和70%猪粪处理两处理茶叶内含物质改善效果最佳，且茶叶百芽质量芽茶密度表现最优，增产效果显著。土壤pH、有机质、速效钾、有效磷的含量均随猪粪施用比例增加而依次升高。 结论 100%猪粪处理茶叶品质提高幅度最大，土壤肥力提升效果也最佳，其次是70%猪粪处理。因此，提高猪粪等有机肥施用比例、减少化肥施用量，是培肥茶园土壤、改善茶叶品质的最有效途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 茶叶 猪粪有机肥 产量 品质 土壤肥力 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-06-07 |
Effects of Substitution of Pig manure for Chemical Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Tea and Soil Fertility |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Control of Anhui Province, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China2.Jinzhai Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, LV’an 237000, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective The resource utilization of pig manure in tea production can not only solve the problem of pig manure waste discharge, but also improve the quality of tea. Method The effects of substituting pig manure for different proportions of chemical fertilizer on yield and quality of tea and fertility of soil in tea garden were studied by using the results of 2-year continuous plot experiment. Result Under the condition of a certain amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, the quality and yield of tea was the best in the treatment of 100% pig manure, followed by the treatment of 70% pig manure. With the increase of the application amount of pig manure, the contents of free amino acid and water extract in tea decreased first and then increased. The contents of tea polyphenol and phenol: ammonia ratio increased first and then decreased, and the contents of caffeine increased gradually. The 100% pig manure treatment and 70% pig manure treatment had the significant improvement effectiveness. Soil pH, organic matter, available potassium and available phosphorus increased with the increasing proportion of pig manure application. Conclusion The 100% pig manure treatment had the greatest improvement in tea quality and soil fertility, followed by the 70% pig manure treatment. Therefore, increasing the proportion of pig manure and other organic fertilizer application and reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer application are the most effective ways to fertilize the soil and improve the quality of tea. |
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