| 花魔芋与湖北贝母一年两熟轮作栽培新模式研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘二喜,杨朝柱,郑小江,陈 勇,牟方贵,赵青华,降巧龙. 花魔芋与湖北贝母一年两熟轮作栽培新模式研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(31): 186-191. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1727 |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘二喜 杨朝柱 郑小江 陈 勇 牟方贵 赵青华 降巧龙 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖北民族学院林学园艺学院,恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院,湖北民族学院,恩施州克肥克魔芋科技有限公司,恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院,恩施州农业科学院,湖北省恩施州农业科学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室第四批开放基金项目“魔芋属植物传粉生物学及其昆虫访花机理的研究”(PKLHB1309)；湖北省农业科技创新中心特种作物育种团队项目资助“魔芋新品种选育与示范”；2013 湖北省农业厅蔬菜竞争性专项“魔芋种芋繁育基地建设及高效栽培技术集成示范” |
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| 摘 要： | 为探索花魔芋和湖北贝母的周年轮作栽培新模式，以花魔芋、湖北贝母为材料，考察其生育期、产量、病虫害、经济效益及栽培生理，探索新的轮作高效栽培模式。结果表明：花魔芋和湖北贝母轮作，生长期衔接良好，净作产量和效益分别为12377.85 kg/hm2和6189.25元/hm2，轮作中魔芋产量12489.00 kg/hm2、贝母产量8889.00 kg/hm2，总效益151335.00元/hm2。与对照相比，病害无显著差异，魔芋增产0.89%，虫害升高1.92%，综合效益高107.66%。同时，首次报道花魔芋根状茎的栽培生理问题，发现了其生育期与种芋安全贮藏的重要关系，提出生育期达184天以上方能基本保障根状茎的生理成熟。由此得出，花魔芋—湖北贝母一年两熟轮作栽培新模式可解决山区可耕作土地少、中药材野生种质资源湖北贝母过度开采等突出问题，实现生物多样性保护和经济效益的双赢。
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| 关 键 词： | SSH系统框架 SSH系统框架 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-06-19 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014-06-19 |
Study on the New Two Crops A Year Rotation Cultivation Model of Konjac and Fritillaria |
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| Affiliation: | Liu Erxi, Yang Chaozhu, Zheng Xiaojiang, Chen Yong, Mou Fanggui, Zhao Qinghua, Jiang Qiaolong (1Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province, Enshi Hubei 445000; 2Western Hubei Experimental Station of Hubei Agriculture Innovation Center, Enshi Hubei 445000; 3Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Hubei 445000; 4School of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi Hubei 445000; 5Kefeike Konjac Technology Co., Ltd, Xianfeng Hubei 445600) |
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| Abstract: | To explore the new two crops a year rotation cultivation model of konjac with winter crops such as fritillaria, the author studied the growth period, yield, diseases and insect pests, economic benefit and cultivation physiology. The results showed that, growing period of the two crops could be completed in one year, yield was 12377.85 kg/hm2 and benefit was 61889.25 yuan/hm2 by single cropping, yield of konjac and fritillaria were 12489.00 kg/hm2, 8889.00 kg/hm2 respectively by rotation, total benefits were 151335.00 yuan/hm2. Compared with the control, there was no significant difference in disease, increase rate of konjac yield was 0.89% , although pests increased 1.92% and the comprehensive benefit increased 107.66% . Meanwhile, physiological problems of konjac planting rhizomes was reported firstly, the important relationship was discovered between growth period and safe storage, the growth period of 184 days or longer was the basic guarantee condition for the physiological maturity. The new cultivation model could solve the problem of less tillage land in mountains, overexploitation of wild resources, and achieve both biodiversity conservation and economic benefits. |
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| Keywords: | Amorphophallus konjac K.Koch Fritillaria hupehensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia continuous cropping crop rotation cultivation model cultivation physiology |
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