| 交替隔沟灌溉棉花群体生理指标的水氮耦合效应 |
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| 引用本文： | 李培岭,张富仓,贾运岗. 交替隔沟灌溉棉花群体生理指标的水氮耦合效应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2010, 43(1): 206-214. DOI: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2010.01.025 |
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| 作者姓名： | 李培岭 张富仓 贾运岗 |
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| 作者单位： | （西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金，国家科技支撑计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究交替隔沟灌溉棉花群体生理指标、生物量、产量的水氮耦合效应。【方法】本试验采用交替隔沟灌溉方式进行大田小区试验,施氮量和灌水量采用二次通用旋转组合设计,分析棉花群体生理指标在不同水、氮组合下（灌水量：37.48—218.52 mm;施氮量：56.2—134.2 kg?hm-2）的变化规律。【结果】棉花叶片光合势(LAD)、作物生长率(CGR)、群体净同化率(NAR)、叶面积指数(LAI)、产量、生物量的水、氮单因子效应表明,施氮量56.2—122.8 kg?hm-2时,各群体生理指标、产量、生物量与施氮量呈显著的正相关。施氮量122.8—134.2 kg?hm-2时,LAD、CGR与施氮量呈显著的正相关,NAR、LAI、产量和生物量变化不显著。灌水量37.52—192 mm时,群体生理指标、产量、生物量与灌水量呈显著的正相关。灌水量192—218.48 mm,LAD、CGR、LAI与灌水量呈显著的正相关,NAR、产量和生物量变化不明显。棉花群体生理指标、生物量、产量的水氮耦合效应表明,灌水量在37.52—192 mm范围内,LAD、CGR、NAR、LAI随灌水量增加而均增长,但增长趋势随施氮量增加而逐渐降低。灌水量在192—218.48 mm各群体生理指标、生物量、产量变化不显著。施氮量56.2—95.2 kg?hm-2,群体生理指标、产量、生物量随施氮量增加而增长,但增长趋势随灌水量增长而逐渐降低。施氮量从95.2增加到134.2 kg?hm-2,各群体生理指标、生物量、产量随施氮量变化不显著。【结论】交替隔沟灌能够协调棉花群体生长发育,提高棉花产量和水、氮利用效率。
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| 关 键 词： | 交替隔沟灌 棉花 群体生理指标 水氮耦合效应 |
| 收稿时间： | 2008-08-18; |
Coupling Effect of Water and Nitrogen on Population Physiological Indices Under Alternative Furrow Irrigation |
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| LI Pei-ling,ZHANG Fu-cang,JIA Yun-gang. Coupling Effect of Water and Nitrogen on Population Physiological Indices Under Alternative Furrow Irrigation[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(1): 206-214. DOI: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2010.01.025 |
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| Authors: | LI Pei-ling ZHANG Fu-cang JIA Yun-gang |
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| Affiliation: | LI Pei-ling1,2,ZHANG Fu-cang1,JIA Yun-gang1 (1Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil , Water Engineering in Arid , Semiarid Areas,Ministry of Education,Northwest Agriculture , Forestry University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,2School of Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi) |
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| Abstract: | [Objective]The objective of this paper is to study the coupling effect of water and nitrogen on population physiological indices, cotton biomass and cotton yield under alternative furrow irrigation (AFI). [Method] The alternate furrow irrigation methods was used, the second common rotary combination design water and nitrogen application rate, and the cotton population physiological indices changes in different water and nitrogen combinations were determined in test area of field. [ Result] The result showed that a single-factor effect of water or nitrogen on cotton physiological indices, cotton yield, cotton biomass was observed. Leaf area duration (LAD), crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area index (LAI), yield, biomass of the irrigation and nitrogen single-factor effect indicates that when nitrogen rate was at 56.2-122.8 kg·hm~(-2), population physiological indices, yield, biomass and nitrogen application rate were significantly and positively correlated. Nitrogen application rate at 122.8-134.2 kg·hm~(-2), LAD and CGR were significantly and positively correlated, and NAR, LAI, biomass, yield, and had no significant changes. When irrigation norm was at 37.52-192 mm, population physiological indices, cotton yield, cotton biomass and irrigation had a significant positive correlation. When irrigation norm was at 192-218.48 mm, LAD, CGR, LAI and irrigation were significantly correlated, NAR, and biomass, cotton yield did not change significantly. Cotton population physiological indices, cotton biomass, cotton yield of water and nitrogen coupling effect show that when irrigation norm was at 37.52-192 mm, LAD, CGR, NAR, and LAI increased significantly with the increase of irrigation norm, but the increasing trend with the increase in nitrogen application rate decreased. Irrigation in the 192-218.48 mm, under different nitrogen application rate, population physiological indices, biomass,yield no significant change. When the nitrogen rate was at 56.2-95.2 kg·hm~(-2), LAD, CGR, NAR, and LAI increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen application rate, but the increasing trend with the increase of nitrogen application rate tended to decrease. When nitrogen application rate was 95.2-134.2 kg·hm~(-2), the population physiological indices, cotton biomass, cotton yield had no significant changes. [Conclusion] The coupling effect of water and nitrogen on cotton physiological indicators, biomass and yield under alternative furrow irrigation, can be utilized which is to coordinate cotton growth and development, thus improving cotton yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | alternative furrow irrigation cotton population physiological indices coupling effect of water and nitrogen |
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