| 增氧微咸水对小白菜光响应特征及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙燕, 王怡琛, 王全九. 增氧微咸水对小白菜光响应特征及产量的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2020, 36(9): 116-123. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.09.013 |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙燕 王怡琛 王全九 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室，西安710048;2.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所，黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室，杨凌 712100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重点项目（41830754）、国家自然科学基金面上项目（51679190）和陕西省自然科学基础研究计划一般项目（青年）（2019JQ-732） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探讨水培条件下微咸水溶解氧浓度对小白菜光响应特征及产量的影响,测定了5种增氧水平下小白菜的光合响应过程,并采用直角双曲线模型、非直角双曲线模型、直角双曲线修正模型和指数模型分别对小白菜光响应曲线进行拟合比较,筛选出最优模型并利用最优模型对小白菜的光合特征参数进行了计算。试验结果表明,经误差分析,不同增氧水平下4种模型的光响应曲线拟合结果存在差异,非直角双曲线模型对所有处理的模拟精度均最高,是分析增氧微咸水水培条件下小白菜光响应曲线的最优模型。光响应曲线参数显示,18.5 mg/L的微咸水溶解氧浓度处理下小白菜的暗呼吸速率、表观量子效率、最大净光合速率均显著高于其他微咸水增氧处理。此外,18.5 mg/L的微咸水溶解氧浓度处理下小白菜的净光合速率和地上部鲜质量也显著高于其他微咸水增氧处理。因此,利用微咸水培养小白菜较为适宜的溶解氧浓度约为18.5 mg/L,该增氧处理有利于增强小白菜的耐荫性和忍受高光强的能力,增大小白菜叶片的可利用光强范围,提高叶片的生理活性,并促进小白菜叶片光合作用的高效运行,进而实现小白菜高产。
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| 关 键 词： | 光合作用 微咸水 溶解氧 小白菜 光合特征 光响应模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-01-03 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-02-28 |
Effects of oxygenated brackish water on light response characteristics and yield of pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) |
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| Sun Yan, Wang Yichen, Wang Quanjiu. Effects of oxygenated brackish water on light response characteristics and yield of pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.)[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2020, 36(9): 116-123. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.09.013 |
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| Authors: | Sun Yan Wang Yichen Wang Quanjiu |
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| Affiliation: | 1.State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China |
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| Abstract: | In arid and semiarid areas,brackish water irrigation can be a great potential approach to alleviate the shortage of fresh water resources in agriculture.However,the irrigation of agricultural land with brackish waters can also reduce crops production due to salt stress,while lead to soil degradation,such as secondary salinization.To accurately evaluate soil salinity,various methods have been developed to safely utilize brackish water for farmland irrigation system.The oxygenated treatment technology can be expected to improve the adverse effects of salt content on soil structure and crop growth,due to easy operation,low energy consumption,cost-saving,friendly environment and high efficiency.In this study,the pakchoi was taken as the research object under the combination of the brackish water irrigation and oxygenation technology.A mathematical model was proposed to investigate the impact of dissolved oxygen in brackish water on light-response characteristics and pakchoi yield under the condition of hydroponics.Four light-response models,including rectangular hyperbolic,non-rectangular hyperbolic,modified rectangular hyperbolic and exponential model,were used to analyze the photosynthetic characteristics of pakchoi leaves.Five levels of dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured,9.5(CK),12.5,15.5,18.5,22.5mg/L.In the light-response model,the optimal parameters of the photosynthetic characteristics were obtained under the different dissolved oxygen concentration of brackish waters.The results showed that there was significant difference between the fitting light-response curves in four light-response models at the five levels of dissolved oxygen concentration in brackish water during the error tests.The optimal accuracy can be obtained in the non-rectangular hyperbolic model for all treatments.Specifically,the photosynthetic parameters indicated that the maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pnmax),apparent quantum efficiency(α),and dark respiration rate(Rd)under 18.5 mg/L treatment were significantly higher than those under other treatments.In 18.5 mg/L dissolved oxygen concentration,the net photosynthetic rate and fresh quality for the aboveground part of pakchoi were also significantly higher than those in other levels.Therefore,the 18.5 mg/L dissolved oxygen concentration can be optimal level for pakchoi cultivating with brackish water.The reason is that the dissolved oxygen in brackish water can enhance the shade tolerance and the ability to endure high light intensity of pakchoi,as well the available range of light intensity.In addition,the oxygenated treatment can also improve the physiological activity and efficient photosynthesis of pakchoi leaves,and thereby to achieve the high yield of pakchoi.The findings can provide a theoretical basis for the safe and efficient utilization of brackish water,while the alleviation of oxygen stress in crop roots for brackish water irrigation in arid areas. |
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| Keywords: | photosynthesis brackish water dissolved oxygen pakchoi photosynthetic characteristic light response model |
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