| 施氮量对等行距密植棉花气体交换和叶绿素荧光特性的影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 田雨,王旭文,韩焕勇,罗宏海,王方永. 施氮量对等行距密植棉花气体交换和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(11): 1987-1997. DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.11.004 |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 田雨 王旭文 韩焕勇 罗宏海 王方永 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.新疆农垦科学院棉花研究所/农业部西北内陆区棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,新疆石河子 832000;2.石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子 832003 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201900);兵团重大科技项目(2016AA001-2);兵团重点领域创新团队建设计划(2017CB011) |
| |
| 摘 要： | 【目的】 研究施氮量对等行距密植棉花光合特性及产量的调节机制,为等行距密植模式下棉花高效氮肥管理提供理论依据和实践指导。【方法】 以早熟棉品种新陆早64号为材料,设5个施氮量(N)处理:N0(0 kg/667 m2)、N8(8 kg/667 m2)、N16(16 kg/667 m2)、N24(24 kg/667 m2)和N32(32 kg/667 m2),测定棉花关键生育时期的气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数、产量及其构成因子。【结果】 不同施氮量条件下单铃重无显著差异,总铃数和产量以N16和N24处理较高、N0和N8处理最低。盛花至盛铃后期,N16、N24和N32处理的净光合速率始终均处于较高水平,但N16和N24处理盛铃期的蒸腾速率和气孔导度显著低于N32处理,胞间CO2浓度显著高于N32处理。不同施氮量处理的最大光化学效率在盛花至盛铃期无显著差异,但N0和N8处理的最大光化学效率在盛铃后期显著低于其他处理,N16和N24处理的实际光化学效率和光化学猝灭系数在盛铃后期保持较高值,且N16处理的非光化学猝灭系数在盛铃至盛铃后期显著低于N24和N32处理。【结论】 在等行距密植条件下,施氮16~24 kg/667 m2有利于保持花铃期叶片较高的光合能力,维持盛铃后期叶片对光能的利用,获得较高的棉花产量。
|
| 关 键 词： | 棉花 等行距密植 施氮量 光合作用 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-03-15 |
Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Gas Exchange and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Cotton under Wide-row Spacing with High Density |
| |
| TIAN Yu,WANG Xuwen,HAN Huanyong,LUO Honghai,WANG Fangyong. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Gas Exchange and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Cotton under Wide-row Spacing with High Density[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(11): 1987-1997. DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.11.004 |
| |
| Authors: | TIAN Yu WANG Xuwen HAN Huanyong LUO Honghai WANG Fangyong |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Genetics and Breeding in the Northwest Inland Region of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Cotton Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China;2. College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China |
| |
| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To clarify the regulation mechanism of photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton under wide-row spacing with high-density conditions in the hope of providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for the management of high-efficiency nitrogen fertilizer.【Methods】 By taking the early-maturing cotton cultivar Xinluzao 64 as the test variety, this paper measured the gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, yield and yield components of cotton at the yield formation stage under 5 different treatments, namely nitrogen application rates of N0 (kg/667 m2), N8 (8 kg/667 m2), N16 (16 kg/667 m2), N24 (24 kg/667 m2) and N32 (32 kg/667 m2).【Results】 There was no significant difference in the single boll weight under various nitrogen application rates; the total number of bolls and yield treated by N16 and N24 were relatively high, while those by N0 and N8 treatments were the lowest. From the full-bloom stage to the later stage of boll development, the net photosynthetic rates of cotton treated by N16, N24 and N32 were always at a high level. The transpiration rates and stomatal conductance of N16 and N24 treatments at the boll development stage were much lower than those of N32 treatment were, yet their intercellular CO2 concentrations were significantly higher than that of N32 treatment. From the full-bloom stage to the boll development stage, no significant difference was observed in the maximum photochemical efficiencies of various nitrogen application treatments except that the maximum photochemical efficiencies of N0 and N8 treatments were significantly lower than those of other treatments at the later stage of boll development; the actual photochemical efficiencies and photochemical quenching coefficients of N16 and N24 treatments were high in the later stage of boll development. Furthermore, the non-photochemical quenching coefficient of N16 treatment was significantly lower than those of N24 and N32 treatments.【Conclusion】 Under wide-row spacing with high-density conditions, a nitrogen application rate of 16-24 kg/667 m2 contributes to the high photosynthetic capacity of leaves at the flowering and boll setting stages of cotton, as well as the best utilization of light energy by leaves in the later stage of boll development, thereby greatly raising the yield of cotton. |
| |
| Keywords: | cotton wide-row spacing with high density nitrogen application rate photosynthesis yield |
|
| 点击此处可从《新疆农业科学》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《新疆农业科学》下载全文 |
|
