| 野生型水稻及其低硅突变体中植硅体和植硅体碳的含量与分布特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 张楠,闫国超,叶木军,樊小平,肖卓熙,陈好,彭苗,梁永超. 野生型水稻及其低硅突变体中植硅体和植硅体碳的含量与分布特征[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(1): 45-54. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18056 |
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| 作者姓名： | 张楠 闫国超 叶木军 樊小平 肖卓熙 陈好 彭苗 梁永超 |
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| 作者单位： | 教育部污染环境修复与生态健康重点实验室/浙江大学环境与资源学院，杭州 310058 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31572191）资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】水稻是典型的富硅植物,植硅体沉积在水稻体内可封存有机碳。本文分析不同吸硅能力基因型水稻植硅体含量、形态、分布及其固碳特征,探究水稻植硅体固碳机理。【方法】盆栽试验在浙江大学玻璃房内进行。供试材料为水稻低硅突变体Lsi1和Lsi2及其野生型,所有施肥和管理措施一致。于成熟期,取水稻地上部茎、叶、鞘样品,常规方法测定硅、植硅体、植硅体碳含量。【结果】1)不同基因型水稻体内硅含量、植硅体含量、生物量干物质植硅体碳含量存在显著差异,均表现为突变体显著低于其野生型,大小依次为Lsi1野生型> Lsi2野生型> Lsi2突变体> Lsi1突变体,Lsi1和Lsi2突变体水稻植硅体碳含量显著高于其野生型,大小依次为Lsi1突变体> Lsi2突变体> Lsi2野生型> Lsi1野生型。2)野生型水稻硅与植硅体含量为鞘>叶>茎,而突变体水稻硅与植硅体含量为叶>鞘>茎,水稻叶片中的植硅体碳与生物量干物质植硅体碳含量最高,植硅体碳含量整体分布趋势为叶>茎>鞘,生物量干物质植硅体碳含量整体变化趋势为叶>鞘>茎。3)水稻植硅体含量与硅含量之间呈极显著正相关(P <0.01),高吸硅的水稻植硅体含量高,且形成的植硅体比表面积小,表明植硅体含量及其形态受其遗传特性的影响。植硅体含量与生物量干物质植硅体碳含量之间呈极显著正相关(P <0.01),植硅体碳含量与生物量干物质植硅体碳含量之间呈极显著负相关(P <0.01),表明生物量干物质植硅体碳含量除了受植硅体含量影响,还受植硅体所包裹的有机碳浓度影响。4) Lsi1及Lsi2野生型水稻生物量、植硅体储量、植硅体碳储量显著高于其突变体。【结论】具有高吸硅能力的野生型水稻与其突变体相比,生物量、硅、植硅体、生物量干物质植硅体碳含量增加,分布不同,虽然植硅体碳含量降低,但植硅体碳储量增加。Lsi1及Lsi2野生型水稻比低硅突变体水稻具有更高的固碳潜力。
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻突变体 植硅体 植硅体碳 植硅体碳储量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-02-14 |
The contents and distributions of phytolith and phytolith-occluded carbon in different rice genotypes |
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| ZHANG Nan,YAN Guo-chao,YE Mu-jun,FAN Xiao-ping,XIAO Zhuo-xi,CHEN Hao,PENG Miao,LIANG Yong-chao. The contents and distributions of phytolith and phytolith-occluded carbon in different rice genotypes[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2019, 25(1): 45-54. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18056 |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Nan YAN Guo-chao YE Mu-jun FAN Xiao-ping XIAO Zhuo-xi CHEN Hao PENG Miao LIANG Yong-chao |
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| Affiliation: | Key laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education/College of Environmental& Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objectives】Rice is a well-known silicon (Si) accumulator. The phytolith enriched with Si in rice plant is able to occlude organic carbon. In order to explore the effect of Si-uptake ability on the content, distribution and carbon sequestration characteristic of phytoliths in rice, we selected four rice genotypes for investigation, different for illuminating the mechanism of phytolith carbon sequestration in rice.【Methods】A pot experiment was conducted in the glass room of Zhejiang University using two rice mutants and their wild types, i.e. Lsi1, a mutant defective in Si-uptake (low silicon rice 1) and Lsi2, a mutant defective in Si-uptake (low silicon rice 2). Si-uptake ability on the contents of SiO2, phytolith and phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC) were measured in different aboveground organs (stem, leaf and sheath). All treatments were under the same fertilization and management conditions.【Results】1) Different rice genotypes had significant differences in contents of SiO2, phytolith and PhytOC per gram of dry biomass with the following decreased order: Lsi1 wild type > Lsi2 wild type > Lsi2 mutant > Lsi1 mutant. The PhytOC contents were in the order of Lsi1 mutant > Lsi2 mutant > Lsi2 wild type > Lsi1 wild type. The contents of SiO2, phytolith and PhytOC in Lsi1 and Lsi2 wild type were significantly higher than in its corresponding mutant, while the PhytOC contents showed an opposite trend. 2) The contents of SiO2 and phytolith in the rice mutants were the highest in leaf, followed by sheath and stem, while in the rice wide types, their contents were the highest in sheath, followed by leaf and stem. The PhytOC contents and PhytOC per gram of dry biomass of rice were the highest in leaf of the four rice genotypes. The distribution trend of PhytOC content was in the order of leaf > stem > sheath, while that of PhytOC per gram of dry biomass of rice was in the order of leaf > sheath > stem. 3) There existed a positive correlation between phytolith contents and SiO 2 contents (P<0.01). Higher contents and smaller specific surface area of phytolith were observed in the rice genotypes with higher Si-uptake ability, indicating that both of the content and form of phytolith were affected by the genetic characteristics. A positive correlation was also found between phytolith contents and PhytOC (P<0.01), while negative correlation was observed between PhytOC contents and PhytOC (P<0.01), suggesting that the PhytOC per gram of dry biomass of rice was closely related to not only the phytolith content but the content of PhytOC. 4) The storages of phytolith and PhytOC, dry biomasses of the wild types of rice were significantly higher compared with their mutants.【Conclusions】Compared with the mutants, the wild types of rice has the higher contents of SiO2 and phytolith, dry biomasses and PhytOC per gram of dry biomass of rice, although the distributions are different. The wild types has lower PhytOC contents, but higher PhytOC storages than the mutants. Therefore, Lsi1 and Lsi2 wild type rice with higher Si-uptake ability have higher carbon sequestration potential than their corresponding mutants. |
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| Keywords: | rice mutant phytolith phytolith-occluded carbon phytolith-occluded carbon storage |
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