| 玉米秸秆全量深翻还田地力提升技术模式实证及效益分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘剑钊,袁静超,梁尧,贺宇,张水梅,史海鹏,蔡红光,任军. 玉米秸秆全量深翻还田地力提升技术模式实证及效益分析[J]. 作物杂志, 2021, 37(2): 135-25. DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.02.019 |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘剑钊 袁静超 梁尧 贺宇 张水梅 史海鹏 蔡红光 任军 |
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| 作者单位： | 1吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部东北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,130033,吉林长春2公主岭市农业技术推广总站,136100,吉林公主岭3伊通满族自治县农业技术推广总站,130700,吉林四平 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0300202);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-07-G-6);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200403167SF);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200702008NC) |
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| 摘 要： | 以秸秆全量深翻还田技术为核心,集成精播保苗、病虫害防控、养分高效管理和机械收获等关键技术,构建了基于整个玉米种植链条的秸秆全量深翻还田地力提升技术模式,并于2018-2019年将此模式在吉林省公主岭和伊通两地18个规模经营主体进行实证。结果表明,与农民习惯操作相比,所有规模经营主体实证区应用该技术模式均表现为增产趋势,产量增幅为4.5%~11.9%,平均增产7.8%;化肥和水分生产效率平均增幅均为7.8%。由于采用规模化作业,大幅度降低了生产成本,仅秸秆深翻还田部分成本略有增加;与农民习惯操作相比,净利润增加13.0%~16.2%。表明该技术模式通过对全种植链的优化,实现了培肥、增产和增收等多重效益,可以在吉林省中南部地区大面积推广应用。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 秸秆还田 深翻 资源利用效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-21 |
Analysis of Field Verification and Benefit on Full Maize Straw Returning with Deep Plowing Mode |
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| Liu Jianzhao,Yuan Jingchao,Liang Yao,He Yu,Zhang Shuimei,Shi Haipeng,Cai Hongguang,Ren Jun. Analysis of Field Verification and Benefit on Full Maize Straw Returning with Deep Plowing Mode[J]. Crops, 2021, 37(2): 135-25. DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.02.019 |
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| Authors: | Liu Jianzhao Yuan Jingchao Liang Yao He Yu Zhang Shuimei Shi Haipeng Cai Hongguang Ren Jun |
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| Affiliation: | 1Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-Environment in Northeast Region of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China2Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Gongzhuling, Gongzhuling 136100, Jilin, China3Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Yitong Manchu Autonomous County, Siping 130700, Jilin, China |
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| Abstract: | This research was based on the technology by full maize straw returning with deep plowing, including some key techniques such as precision and keeping a full stand of seedlings, disease and insect control, nutrient-efficient management, and mechanical harvesting. The mode of full maize straw returning with deep plowing was established on the whole maize planting chain, it was demonstrated in 18 scale business entities of Gongzhuling and Yitong in 2018-2019 of Jilin province. The result showed that all scale business entities were the trend of increasing yield. Compared with ordinary farmers, the increase rate for yield was 4.5%-11.9% and the average increasing yield was 7.8%. Fertilizer and water efficiency increased by 7.8% on average. Because of the scale operation, the production cost was reduced largely, only full maize straw returning with deep plowing mode had increased a little. Compared with the operation of ordinary farmers, the net profit increased by 13.0%-16.2%. This indicate that the technology model realizes the multiple benefits of soil fertility cultivation, increasing yield and income by optimizing the whole planting chain, which can widely apply in the central and southern area of Jilin province. |
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| Keywords: | Maize Straw returning Deep plow Resource use efficiency |
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