| 生态工程前后三江源草地产草量与载畜压力的变化分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张良侠,樊江文,邵全琴,唐风沛,张海燕,李愈哲. 生态工程前后三江源草地产草量与载畜压力的变化分析[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(5): 116-123. DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140513 |
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| 作者姓名： | 张良侠 樊江文 邵全琴 唐风沛 张海燕 李愈哲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101;2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049;3.中国矿业大学,北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“大尺度土地利用变化对全球气候的影响”，国家科技支撑项目“国家尺度生态系统监测与评估技术集成应用系统”(2013BAC03B04)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 三江源生态保护和建设工程对生态系统的恢复具有重要作用,其对草地生态系统的影响也成为关注的热点。本文基于GLO-PEM模型和载畜压力指数,对比分析了三江源地区实施生态工程前后草地产草量和载畜压力的变化。结果表明,工程实施后的2005-2012年8年的草地平均产草量为694 kg/hm2,比工程实施前1988-2004年17年的平均产草量(533 kg/hm2)提高了30.31%,减畜措施实施后的2003-2012年10年的平均载畜压力指数为1.46,比1988-2002年15年平均载畜压力指数(2.49)下降了36.1%。草地产草量的提高和载畜压力的减轻,主要归因于生态保护和建设工程的实施以及气候变化。其中,生态工程对草地生态系统的恢复已初见成效。
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| 关 键 词： | 三江源 草地产草量 草地载畜压力 生态保护和建设工程 生态成效 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-12-12 |
Changes in grassland yield and grazing pressure in the Three Rivers headwater region before and after the implementationof the eco-restoration proj ect |
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| ZHANG Liang-xia,FAN Jiang-wen,SHAO Quan-qin,TANG Feng-pei,ZHANG Hai-yan,LI Yu-zhe. Changes in grassland yield and grazing pressure in the Three Rivers headwater region before and after the implementationof the eco-restoration proj ect[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(5): 116-123. DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140513 |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Liang-xia FAN Jiang-wen SHAO Quan-qin TANG Feng-pei ZHANG Hai-yan LI Yu-zhe |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101, China;2.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049, China;3.China University of Mining &Technology, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper reports on the impact of the Ecological Protection and Construction project in the Three Rivers headwater region. Grassland yield and grazing pressure have been calculated using the Global Production Efficiency Model (GLO-PEM) model and the Grazing Pressure Index. Data have been analysed and compared for the years before and after the project was initiated. Results indicate that the region’s mean grassland yield from 2005 to 2012, after project implementation, was 30.31% higher (694 kg/ha) than from 1988 to 2004, before the project began (533 kg/ha). Following the introduction of the livestock reduction program, the mean index of grazing pressure from 2003 to 2012 was 36.1% lower (1.46) than for the years 1988 to 2002 (2.49). The reasons for grassland recovery and grazing pressure reduction may be due to a combination of the Ecological Protection and Construction project and climate change. However, the ecological effectiveness of the project has clearly emerged. |
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| Keywords: | Three Rivers headwater region grassland yield grazing pressure ecological protection and con-struction proj ect ecolog ical effectiveness |
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