| 面向高比例分布式光伏发电消纳的复合型需求侧响应控制 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵凤展, 张启承, 张帅, 郭杨瑾, 吴鸣, 陈铭, 沈浚. 面向高比例分布式光伏发电消纳的复合型需求侧响应控制[J]. 农业工程学报, 2022, 38(16): 190-197. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.16.021 |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵凤展 张启承 张帅 郭杨瑾 吴鸣 陈铭 沈浚 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院，北京 100083;2.国网上海能源互联网研究院有限公司，北京100192;3.海宁市金能电力实业有限公司，浙江 314400;4.国网浙江海宁市供电有限公司，浙江 314400 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家电网公司科技项目（适应高比例分布式资源接入的配电网弹性评估技术研究）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（51707196）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 在大力推进分布式光伏发电的形势下，利用负荷侧灵活性资源提升光伏消纳水平并改善电网运行经济性已成为促进新能源发展的重要措施，如何高效进行需求侧响应控制是目前该领域研究的关键问题之一。传统的峰谷分时电价仅根据区域电网内的负荷变化的总体情况确定分时段电价实现削峰填谷，该方法未考虑区域内新增电源的发电特性，从而导致负荷调整的灵活性较差，无法有效解决区域内光伏消纳的问题。该研究针对光伏装机比例较高的区域配电网尤其是乡村配电网，提出一种基于优化调整分时电价时段的激励型需求侧响应和区域集中优化调控相结合的配电网复合型需求响应控制策略。该策略首先结合负荷需求和光伏出力曲线对分时电价峰谷时段进行因地制宜的自适应调整；其次，基于新的电价时段进行用户侧分布式最优出力计划建模，并给出用户侧可削减、可时移负荷的响应调整范围的计算方法；最后由区域调度中心实现负荷集中控制。通过算例对比验证该文方法在计及用户舒适度的基础上，弃光率和系统综合运行成本较优化前均有明显降低，解决了含高比例光伏配电网的光伏消纳及经济运行问题，为配电网精细化管理水平的提升提供了理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 光伏 分布式发电 乡村配电网 分时电价 复合型需求侧响应 配电网经济运行 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-07-03 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-08-14 |
Compound demand side response control for high proportion distributed photovoltaic absorption in distribution networks |
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| Zhao Fengzhan, Zhang Qicheng, Zhang Shuai, Guo Yangjin, Wu Ming, Chen Ming, Shen Jun. Compound demand side response control for high proportion distributed photovoltaic absorption in distribution networks[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2022, 38(16): 190-197. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2022.16.021 |
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| Authors: | Zhao Fengzhan Zhang Qicheng Zhang Shuai Guo Yangjin Wu Ming Chen Ming Shen Jun |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;2.State Grid Shanghai Energy Internet Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100192, China;3.Haining Jinneng Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhejiang 314400, China;4.State Grid Zhejiang Haining Power Supply Company, Zhejiang 314400, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Solar energy is one of the most potential renewable sources in most rural areas. Photovoltaic (PV) power generation technology has also been widely applied with abundant solar energy resources. The installed capacity of PV power generation is ever increasing in recent years in China. However, the excess or abandonment of the output has often occurred, due mainly to the mismatch between the total load and energy output curve of PV generation. An optimal control strategy is highly required to absorb the excess PV power for the cost-saving system operation. The regional PV absorption characteristics also vary greatly in some areas, particularly where the traditional time-of-use (TOU) electricity price cannot be suitable for the local load. The incentive demand response (IDR) can be expected to serve as the scheduling strategy from the demand side, according to subsidies and discounts for the flexible load. In this study, a compound strategy of demand side response was proposed for the distribution networks with a high proportion of the distributed PV using the combined IDR and regional centralized regulation (RCR). Among them, one hour was taken as the time interval. The specific control strategy was designed as follows. Firstly, the peak and valley periods of electricity price were divided in the regional dispatching center (such as the load aggregator or the power selling company) using the IDR and original TOU electricity price in the study area. A new TOU electricity price scheme was obtained, according to the local PV output and load time sequence. The difference in electricity price before and after adjustment was selected as the subsidy unit price in the 24 control periods, and then transmitted to the power load in advance. Secondly, the distributed model was optimized by the load user. A power consumption model was then achieved using the user load reference value and the new TOU electricity price. The range of the distributed load was determined to match the power consumption plan and load adjustment range of each period of the day in the regional dispatching center. Thirdly, the PV power prediction was combined with the load plan uploaded by the user and the adjustment range. A centralized control model was established with the distributed calculation as the variables, while the maximum PV consumption and the lowest economic operation cost as the objective. Then, the optimal plan was obtained for the load adjustment. The user load was controlled using the direct load control (DLC) on the control day. A better match was realized for the curve of the load and PV output, in order to maximize the PV consumption for the overall economic operation of the system. Taking a 10 kV distribution network as an example, the model was verified using the MATLAB software. As a result, the total cost of one day after optimization using the compound demand response strategy was reduced by 12.9% and 10.5%, respectively, compared with the traditional TOU electricity price and the user IDR with the new TOU electricity price only without RCR. Consequently, the control strategy of decentralized and regional centralized dispatching can be expected to match the total load curve with the PV output curve for the interaction between the supply and demand, according to the response income of the user demand side. At the same time, the finding can greatly contribute to the consumption capacity of PV power generation and the economy of system operation |
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| Keywords: | distributed generation photovoltaic absorption rural distribution network time-of-use electricity price compound response economic operation of distribution network |
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