| 新型W-OH材料对崩积体土壤分离速率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 祝亚云,曹龙熹,吴智仁,陈 冲,梁 音. 新型W-OH材料对崩积体土壤分离速率的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2017, 54(1): 73-80. DOI: 10.11766/trxb201604200200 |
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| 作者姓名： | 祝亚云 曹龙熹 吴智仁 陈 冲 梁 音 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室 南京土壤研究所，南京 210008; 中国科学院大学，北京 100049;2. 中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室 南京土壤研究所,南京,210008;3. 江苏大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏镇江,212013 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划（2014BAD15B0302） |
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| 摘 要： | 崩岗崩积体土壤颗粒容易脱离母体而发生侵蚀,而新型亲水性聚氨酯材料(W-OH)能有效增加土壤颗粒之间的粘结力,从而抑制侵蚀的发生。为此,通过变坡式水槽实验,研究不同浓度的W-OH材料(2.0%、3.0%、4.0%、5.0%)对崩岗崩积体土壤分离速率的影响。结果表明:W-OH材料能够显著降低崩积体土壤的分离速率,土壤分离速率的大小随W-OH浓度的升高而降低;由于固结表层的存在,W-OH材料显著改变了表层土壤的侵蚀过程,使得土壤分离速率与坡度、水流剪切力、水流功率等参数之间的函数关系相对于对照发生了改变,并且表层土壤发生分离的临界水流剪切力也得到了提升。
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| 关 键 词： | 崩岗 W-OH材料 土壤分离 水力参数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-04-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016-05-04 |
Impact of W-OH on Soil Detachment Rate of Colluvial Deposits in Collapsing Hill |
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| ZHU Yayun,CAO Longxi,WU Zhiren,CHEN Chong and LIANG Yin. Impact of W-OH on Soil Detachment Rate of Colluvial Deposits in Collapsing Hill[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2017, 54(1): 73-80. DOI: 10.11766/trxb201604200200 |
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| Authors: | ZHU Yayun CAO Longxi WU Zhiren CHEN Chong LIANG Yin |
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| Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,School of The Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University,Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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| Abstract: | hills combines land leveling and planting of trees and grass. However,the method per disturbs the soil and besides,the benefits of revegetation come into being slowly. Soil particles in colluvial deposits are readily detachable with surface runoff. Now a new type of hydrophilic polyurethane,called W-OH,is available and good to intensify the cohesive force of soil particles between each other,and hence can be used to make up the weakness of the traditional method. [Method]In this study a slope flume experiment was carried out to analyze effect of W-OH on soil detachment rate of colluvial deposits. The experiment was designed to have four W-OH concentrations,i.e. 2%,3%,4%,5%,five slope gradients,i.e. 8.8%,17.6%,26.8%, 36.4% and 46.6% and three flow rates,i.e. 1.0 L s-1,2.0 L s-1 and 3.0 L s-1. The slope flume had a chamber to hold soil samples. Before the experiment,the soil samples were soaked in water for 12 hours to make the samples saturated and in the process of soaking,the water surface was kept slightly lower than the upper surface of the ring-knife. Slope gradient of the flume was regulated with a pulley system and water flow with a group of valves. Before the scouring process started,soil moisture content of the samples was measured, and soil detachment rate was calculated out of the difference between the soil samples before and after the experiment in dry weight. In order to facilitate the use of soil erosion models to estimate the effect of W-OH mitigating erosion,relationships of soil detachment rate with flow shear stress,stream power and unit stream power were analyzed. [Result]Results show that as affected by a specific combination of slope gradient and flow rate,soil detachment rate decreased with the increasing concentration of W-OH. Such a trend was not obvious when the slope gradient was 8.8% and the flow rate 1.0 L s-1 or 2.0 L s-1.When the flume was over 8.8% in slope gradient,soil detachment rate displayed a clear gradient between the treatments and dropped by 1~3 orders of magnitude,as compared to CK,and the higher the W-OH application rate,the greater the descend gradient of the soil detachment rate. The analysis of relationships of soil detachment rate with hydraulic parameters shows that compared with CK,critical flow shear stress of the soil applied with W-OH increased. [Conclusion]All the findings listed above indicate that the effect of W-OH reducing soil detachment rate is remarkable,and such an effect increases with increasing W-OH application rate. Under different circumstances,to reduce soil detachment rate decreases by two orders of magnitude,it is necessary to apply W-OH at a corresponding rate. Once W-OH is applied,a consolidated surface layer is formed with the surface soil of colluvial deposits,thus altering the process of soil erosion. When the consolidated surface layer is intact,soil erosion is very weak,and once the consolidated surface layer is ripped by surface runoff,soil erosion aggravates dramatically. |
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| Keywords: | Collapsing Hill W-OH Soil Detachment Hydraulic Parameters |
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