| 水氮耦合对滴灌小麦生理生长及产量的影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 刘国宏,付彦博,扁青永,魏亚媛,魏彦宏,张万旭,朱锦泉. 水氮耦合对滴灌小麦生理生长及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(7): 1582-1589. DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.07.003 |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 刘国宏 付彦博 扁青永 魏亚媛 魏彦宏 张万旭 朱锦泉 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.新疆农业科学院吐鲁番农业科学研究所,新疆吐鲁番 8380002.新疆农业科学院拜城农业试验站/国家土壤质量阿克苏观测试验站,新疆阿克苏 8430003.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所, 乌鲁木齐 8300914.新疆兵团农业推广技术总站,乌鲁木齐 830091 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 土壤质量阿克苏野外观测站资源共享平台建设;国家土壤质量阿克苏观测试验站建设项目;自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项-资源共享平台建(PT2110);优秀青年科技人才培养项目“南疆冬小麦滴灌水肥一体化技术研究与示范”(2020Q030) |
| |
| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究新疆南疆地区水肥耦合对滴灌冬小麦生理生长及产量的影响。【方法】以新冬52号为供试材料,两因素裂区试验设计,设置灌水处理3个水平:W1(2 241m3/hm2)、W2(3 486m3/hm2)、W3(4 731m3/hm2);设置施肥处理(氮素)4个水平:N0(0 kg/hm2)、N1(135 kg/hm2)、N2(195 kg/hm2)、N3(255 kg/hm2),分析不同水氮组合对滴灌冬小麦株高、叶面积、光合特性(净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、细胞间隙CO2浓度(Ci)、产量及水氮利用效率的变化。【结果】(1)随着灌水量的增加或施N量的增加, 新冬52号冬小麦的株高、叶面积、光合特性和产量呈现同步增加趋势;(2)但灌水量过少时(W1处理),增加N肥并不明显提高产量和光合性能;当灌水量提高到W2和W3水平后,株高、叶面积、光合特性和产量随着施N量的增加呈现明显的增加趋势,表现出以水带肥的良好效果。 (3)在各处理中, W3N2(灌水4 731m3/hm2、施氮N195kg/hm2)的产量最大(8 570 kg/hm2),相对应的各项光合特性值也达到最大值; (4)W2N2处理(灌水3 486m3/hm2、施N195kg/hm2)的产量则处于次大值(8 465 kg/hm2),W2N2的光合特性值并非最大,但其N肥农学利用率达到最大值(16.69 kg/kg ),灌溉水生产效率也达到最大值(1.66 kg/m3 );(5)W2N2与W3N2相比,虽然产量减少了105 kg/hm2(减少1.2%),但灌水量减少了1 245 m3/h2(减少26.3%)、施肥量减少60 kg/hm2(减少23.53%)。【结论】灌水3 486 m3/hm2和氮肥195kg/hm2 的技术组合可作为新冬52号冬小麦的节本增效生产方案。
|
| 关 键 词： | 水肥耦合 滴灌冬小麦 生理生长 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-11 |
Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Physiological Growth and Yield of Wheat under Drip Irrigation |
| |
| LIU Guohong,FU Yanbo,BIAN Qingyong,WEI Yayuan,WEI Yanhong,ZHANG Wanxu,ZHU Jinquan. Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Physiological Growth and Yield of Wheat under Drip Irrigation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(7): 1582-1589. DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.07.003 |
| |
| Authors: | LIU Guohong FU Yanbo BIAN Qingyong WEI Yayuan WEI Yanhong ZHANG Wanxu ZHU Jinquan |
| |
| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To study the effects of water and fertilizer coupling on physiological growth and yield of winter wheat under drip irrigation in southern Xinjiang. 【Method】 Xindong 52 was used as the test material, and the two-factor split zone experiment was designed. Three levels of irrigation treatment were set: W1 (2,241 m3/hm2), W2 (3,486 m3/hm2) and W3 (4,731 m3/hm2). Four levels of fertilization treatment (nitrogen) were set: N0 (0 kg/hm2), N1 (135 kg/hm2), N2 (195 kg/hm2), N3 (255 kg/hm2). The effects of different combinations of water and nitrogen on plant height, leaf area, photosynthetic characteristics (Pn,Tr,Gs,Ci), yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat under drip irrigation were analyzed.【Result】 (1) With the increase of irrigation amount or N amount, the plant height, leaf area, photosynthetic characteristics and yield of Xindong 52 winter wheat increased synchronously.(2) When the irrigation amount was too low (W1 treatment), increasing N fertilizer did not significantly improve the yield and photosynthetic performance; When the irrigation amount was increased to W2 and W3 levels, plant height, leaf area, photosynthetic characteristics and yield showed an obvious trend of increase with the increase of N application rate, which showed a good effect of waterborne fertilizer. (3) Among all treatments, W3N2 (4,731 m3/hm2 irrigation, N1 95 kg/hm2 application) had the highest yield (8,570 kg/hm2), and the corresponding photosynthetic characteristic values also reached the maximum; (4) The yield of W2N2 treatment (3,486 m3/hm2 and 195 kg/hm2) was at the sub-maximum value (8,465 kg/hm2). The photosynthetic characteristic value of W2N2 was not the maximum, but the agricultural utilization rate of N fertilizer reached the maximum (16.69 kg/kg), and the production efficiency of irrigation water also reached the maximum (1.66 kg/m3). (5) Compared with W3N2, the yield of W2N2 decreased by 105kg/hm2 (decreased by 1.2%), but the irrigation amount decreased by 1,245 m3/hm2 (decreased by 26.3%). 【Conclusion】 The technical combination of irrigation water of 3,486 m3/hm2 and nitrogen fertilizer of 195 kg/hm2 can be used as the cost-saving and efficiency-increase production scheme of "Xindong 52" winter wheat. |
| |
| Keywords: | coupling of water and fertilizer drip irrigation winter wheat physiological growth yield |
|
| 点击此处可从《新疆农业科学》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《新疆农业科学》下载全文 |
|
