| 棉花苗期耐低钾能力筛选指标研究及其与产量、品质的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨佳蒴,赵文青,胡伟,王友华,陈兵林,周治国. 棉花苗期耐低钾能力筛选指标研究及其与产量、品质的关系[J]. 棉花学报, 2014, 26(4): 301-309. DOI: 1002-7807(2014)04-0301-09 |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨佳蒴 赵文青 胡伟 王友华 陈兵林 周治国 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京农业大学/农业部南方作物生理生态重点开放实验室，江苏 南京 210095 |
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| 基金项目： | 南京农业大学青年科技创新基金(KJ2013001) |
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| 摘 要： | 以长江流域下游棉区的12个棉花主栽品种为研究材料,在人工气候室水培和田间种植条件下进行棉花苗期耐低钾能力筛选指标研究。结果表明,低钾会放大棉花苗期关于钾素吸收利用和光合碳同化等生理特性上的品种间差异幅度。土壤严重缺钾时会显著降低棉花铃数、铃重及衣分,其中铃数响应土壤缺钾最为敏感,而在铃重组成中纤维质量对土壤缺钾的响应幅度大于棉子质量。通过对比基于棉花苗期不同生理指标和最终产量与品质指标的筛选结果,发现综合考虑棉花苗期叶片SuSy活性、SPAD值和单株叶片生物量3项指标的低钾胁迫系数对棉花最终产量与品质的耐低钾能力具有较好的预测效果。通过试验筛选出低钾敏感型棉花品种泗杂3号和耐低钾型棉花品种泗棉3号,二者可作为进一步研究低钾环境下棉花产量、品质形成机理的理想试验材料。
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| 关 键 词： | 棉花 品种 耐低钾 筛选指标 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-03-29; |
Indicators of Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) Cultivar Screening for Low-Potassium Tolerance in Seedling Stage and Its Relationship with Yield and Quality |
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| Yang Jiashuo,Zhao Wenqing,Hu Wei,Wang Youhua,Chen Binglin,Zhou Zhiguo. Indicators of Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) Cultivar Screening for Low-Potassium Tolerance in Seedling Stage and Its Relationship with Yield and Quality[J]. Cotton Science, 2014, 26(4): 301-309. DOI: 1002-7807(2014)04-0301-09 |
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| Authors: | Yang Jiashuo Zhao Wenqing Hu Wei Wang Youhua Chen Binglin Zhou Zhiguo |
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| Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture / Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China |
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| Abstract: | Cotton yield and fiber quality are currently limited by varying levels of potassium(K) deficiency. Screening for low-K tolerant cotton genotypes is necessary to alleviate the shortage of available K in soil. In order to identify the yield-and-quality-based ideal indicators of cotton genotypes screening for low-K tolerance in seedling stage, 12 cotton cultivars (predominant cultivars developed in the lower Yangtze region) were tested both under hydroponic culture at low-K (0.02 mmol·L-1)/adequate-K(2.5 mmol·L-1) and in field with K deficient soil (86.3 mg·kg-1 with no K applied)/optimum K soil (150 kg·hm-2 applied). Results indicated that low-K condition increased the cultivar variation on potassium absorption and utilization and photosynthetic carbon assimilation traits in cotton seedling stage like K utilization efficient and Pn. Low-K also decreased boll number, boll weight and lint percentage, and the boll number was the most sensitive index to K deficiency. Lint weight per boll and seed weight per boll also decreased under low-K condition and the former character decreased more than the latter one. By comparing the results of seedling stage screening with the yield- and quality-based screening, the relative changed value of SuSy activity, together with SPAD in functional leaf and total leaves biomass in a plant were identified as the best indicators to evaluate the cottons ability for low-K tolerance based on yield and quality. Moreover, two cotton cultivars, low-K sensitive type cultivar Siza-3 and low-K tolerance type cultivar Simain-3, were suggested to be nice materials for further studies on the mechanism of low-K tolerance in cotton yield and quality formation. |
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| Keywords: | cultivars tolerance to low potassium indicator for screening |
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