动物模型BLUP选择效果的计算机模拟研究

在采用动物模型最佳线性无偏预测(BLUP) 方法对个体育种值进行估计的基础上, 模拟了在一个闭锁群体内连续对单个性状选择10个世代的情形, 并系统地比较了群体规模、公母比例和性状遗传力对选择所获得的遗传进展和群体近交系数变化的影响。结果表明, 扩大育种群规模不仅可以获得更大的持续进展, 同时还可有效缓解近交系数的过快上升; 育种群中公畜比例过低时, 不仅会降低遗传进展, 群体近交系数的上升速度也会加快, 实际中应保证育种群具有一定的规模和适宜的公母比例。对高遗传力性状进行选择时, 可望获得更大的遗传进展, 同时近交系数的上升速度也会快一些。

Computer simulation of the effects of selection based on animal model BLUP in a closed population

A ten-generation continuous selection experiment on a single trait in a closed population was simulated. Individual breeding values were estimated through animal model best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). The effects of population size, sire-dam ratio and trait heritability on genetic response and inbreeding coefficient from the selection were analyzed. The results showed that it would gain higher sustainable genetic respons and lower inbreeding rate when implementing BLUP selection in larger population. When the sire-dam ratio was too low, it would not only decrease the genetic response, but also increase the inbreeding rate. To gain higher genetic progress and acceptable inbreeding rate, it should keep enough large population size and feasible sire-dam ratio in practice. It would gain higher genetic response when implementing selection on those traits with higher heritability, the inbreeding coefficient would also increase faster somewhat in this case.