鸡源肺炎克雷伯菌的分离鉴定和耐药性分析

为探究鸡源肺炎克雷伯菌的流行性和耐药情况，本试验采集蛋鸡新鲜粪便60份(雏鸡36只/产蛋鸡24只)，通过分离培养、VITEK2 Compact生化鉴定、特异性基因PCR扩增和微量肉汤稀释法对分离菌株进行了菌种鉴定、耐药表型、耐药基因以及毒力基因检测。结果显示，从粪便样本中共分离出48株肺炎克雷伯菌；分离菌株对氨苄西林、大观霉素、四环素、氟苯尼考、磺胺异噁唑和复方新诺明表现出高度耐药，耐药率范围为50.00%~100.00%，对奥格门丁、庆大霉素、头孢类和喹诺酮类药物耐药程度较低，耐药率范围为14.58%~27.08%，对黏菌素和美罗培南敏感；75.02%的菌株表现为多重耐药，最高表现为8重耐药，占10.42%。耐药基因和毒力基因检测结果显示，48株肺炎克雷伯菌共检出aadA1、tetA、oqxA、oqxB、blaTEM和qnrB 等6种耐药基因，以及entB、wabG、uge和kfuBC 等4种毒力基因，本试验结果可为临床用药、动物源细菌耐药性监测和健康养殖提供数据支持。

Isolation, Identification and Drug Resistance Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Chickens

To investigate the prevalence and drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in chickens, 60 fresh feces of laying hens (36 chicks /24 laying hens) were collected for experimental study. The identification, drug resistance phenotype, resistance genes and virulence genes of K. pneumoniae were detected by PCR, VITEK2 Compact biochemical test and standard broth microdilution method. Resultsshowed that a total of 48 K. pneumoniae strains were isolated from feces. K. pneumoniae isolates had high resistance to ampicillin, spectinomycin, tetracycline, florfenicol, sulfisoxazole and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, with resistance rates ranging from 50.00%~100.00%; Isolates showed low resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, gentamicin, cephalosporins and quinolones, with resistance rates ranging from 14.58% to 27.08%. All isolates were sensitive to colistin and meropenem. Multi-drug resistant strains accounted for 75.02% of the isolates, and 10.42% strains were resistant to eight kinds of antibacterial drugs. The results of drug resistance genes and virulence genes detection showed that a total of 6 drug resistance genes and 4 virulence genes were detected from 48 K. pneumoniae strains, including aadA1, tetA, oqxA, oqxB, blaTEM and qnrB genes, uge, wabG, kfuBC and entB. This study can provide data support for clinical drug use, animal health breeding and clinical animal drug resistance monitoring.