农业部家畜血吸虫病流行病学观测点2011年观测结果情况

2011年对8个家畜血吸虫病观测点血吸虫感染、野粪污染情况以及螺情进行了调查.全年共检测了21091头牛、1425只羊以及1760头(匹)其他家畜,血吸虫病感染率分别为0.42％、0.63％和0％.在97头(只)感染家畜中,90.72％(88头)为牛,9.28％(9只)为羊.江西省吴城镇和湖南省南大膳镇的牛血吸虫感染率超过4％.在湖南省和江西省的观测点中发现家畜粪便有血吸虫虫卵污染,其中96.15％阳性野粪为牛粪.所有观测点都有钉螺分布,但阳性钉螺主要分布在湖南省和江西省的观测点.观测结果显示湖南省洞庭湖和江西省鄱阳湖地区是目前防控家畜血吸虫病的重点地区,且病牛依然是血吸虫病疫区(尤其是湖沼型地区)的主要传染源.

SUMMARY OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS IN 2011 FROM EIGHT NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE SITES

The present report summarizes epidemiological studies on Schistosoma japonicum infection in domestic animals,environmental distribution of schistosome eggs in animal feces and Oncomelania snails,which were conducted in 2011 in eight national surveillance sites in Hunan,Jiangxi,Anhui,Hubei,Jiangsu,Sichuan and Yunnan.A total of 21 091 cattle,1 425 sheep and 1 760 other domestic animals were examined using miracidia hatching technique.The positive rate was 0.42%(88/21 091) in cattle and 0.63%(9/1 425) in sheep.No Schistosoma japonicum infection was found in other animals.The prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection was over 4% in cattle in Nandashan of Hunan Province and Wucheng of Jiangxi Province.All field feces tested positive for schistosome eggs were collected from Hunan and Jiangxi,in which cattle fecal samples accounted for 96.15% and sheep fecal samples for 3.85%.Oncomelania snails were found at all tested sites but infected snails were found only in Dongting Lake region in Hunan Province and Poyang Lake region in Jiangxi Province.The results indicated that infected cattle were still main infectious resource for the transmission of Schistosomasis,especially in the marshland-lake endemic area.