两种纳米农药及其原药对亚洲柑橘木虱的毒力比较

亚洲柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri Kuwayama是黄龙病的传播媒介,快速、高效地防治媒介昆虫是黄龙病综合防治最重要的技术措施。纳米农药不但能够提高药效、降低化学农药用量,而且提高使用安全性和生物利用度。为了明确纳米农药对亚洲柑橘木虱的防治效果,本实验选用纳米阿维菌素水悬浮剂、纳米阿维.吡虫啉水悬浮剂及其对应原药进行毒力测定,并比较同质量浓度下的杀虫效果,结果表明：1、两种纳米农药的毒力均高于对应原药,其中纳米阿维.吡虫啉水悬浮剂的毒力最强,其处理后第三天LC₅₀为0.0054mg/L,LC₉₅为2.1019mg/L；2、处理后48h、72h相比于24h,纳米阿维.吡虫啉在同质量浓度,死亡率的上升幅度极大,1.25-20 mg/L在72h时导致的死亡率达93%-100%,与200 mg/L无显著差异,而原药随时间推移死亡率虽有所上升,但幅度较小；3、纳米阿维菌素及其原药在处理后3-4d才开始出现死亡,虽然起初纳米阿维菌素防效不及原药,但在随后3d提效速度较快,并在防效上也超过原药；4、阿维.吡虫啉与阿维菌素相比,无论是纳米农药还是原药,其发挥药效较快,而且杀虫效果较好。

Comparison of the toxicity of 2 nano-pesticides and their corresponding original pesticides against Diaphorina citri Kuwayama

The Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is the major vector of Huanglongbing(HLB). Rapid and effective control of D. citri is the most important technical measure for the integrated management of HLB. Nano-pesticides can not only improve the efficacy thus reduce the amount of chemical pesticides, but also improve the safety and bioavailability. In this study, the toxicities of 2 nano-pesticides nano-abamectin SC and nano-abamectin-imidacloprid SC, and their corresponding original pesticides were tested and compared on D. citri, to determine the toxicity of D. citri and compare the control under the same mass concentration. The results showed that: 1. The toxicities of the 2 nano-pesticides both higher than their original pesticides. Among them, nano-abamectin-imidacloprid had the best control effect. The LC₅₀ was 0.0054mg/Land the LC₉₅ was 2.1019 mg/L on the third day after treatment. 2. Compared with 24h, the mortality of nano-abamectin-imidacloprid increased greatly at the same mass concentration at 48h and 72h, while the mortality of the original pesticide just increased slightly as time went on. 3. The psyllid adults did not die until after 3-4 days treated with nano-abamectin and its original pesticide. Although the effect of nano-abamectin was not as good as that of the original pesticide at the beginning, it improved rapidly in the subsequent 3 days and exceeded the original pesticide in control. 4. The effects of the 2 insecticides were also compared. The toxicities of both original and nano abamectin-imidacloprid were higher than original and nano abamectin respectively. In addition, psyllid adults of abamectin-imidacloprid treatments started to die much earlier than abamectin treatments, indicating abamectin-imidacloprid is much better than abamectin alone in D. citri control.