近10年北美蓝莓新品种资源及其特征

蓝莓杂交育种工作的目标主要集中在改善蓝莓的果实品质、提高产量、增强抗病性和耐贮性、提早或延迟果实成熟期等方面，北美在近10年开发出很多新的蓝莓品种，其中开发出北高丛蓝莓新品种31个，南高丛蓝莓新品种53个，兔眼蓝莓新品种24个，半高从蓝莓新品种3个，矮丛蓝莓新品种5个。从公布的这些数据可以看出，开发出的南高丛蓝莓新品种最多，北高丛次之，半高从最少，说明越来越多的蓝莓育种者越来越重视南高丛新品种的开发，这样可以将南高丛蓝莓的优良基因更好地开发出来，并将其逐步渗入到北高丛蓝莓品种中，以改善北高丛蓝莓的性状。随着现代生物技术的不断发展，将为蓝莓杂交育种工作开辟新的领域，也将加快蓝莓的育种进程。本文综述了近10年北美蓝莓新品种资源及其特征。

New varieties resources and characteristics of North American blueberry in recent ten years

The breeding goal of Blueberry mainly focus on improving the quality of fruit, increasing the yield of blueberry, enhancing disease resistance and storage tolerance, early or delayed fruit maturity and so on. In recent 10 years, North America has developed many new varieties of blueberry, including the number of the northern highbush blueberry new varieties were 31, southern highbush blueberry were 53, rabbit eye blueberry were 24, half-highbush blueberry were 3, and lowbush blueberry were 5. From these released data we can see that new varieties of southern highbush blueberries were the most, northern highbush were second, and the half highbush were the least, showing that more and more breeders of blueberry pay more and more attention to the development of southern highbush new varieties, so the excellent genes of southern highbush could be well developed., and gradually introgressed into norhtern highbush, improving the trait of northern highbush. With the development of modern biotechnology, the blueberry breeding work has opened up new areas, will also speed up the process of breeding blueberry. The new varieties and characteristics of North American blueberry were summarized in recent 10 years.