鼠类对玛多县草地表层土壤的影响及沙漠化作用

本文通过野外调查、室内试验分析方法研究了鼠类对玛多县草地表层土壤的破坏及沙漠化作用。结果表明,鼠兔挖掘洞穴,破坏草皮层,将下伏沙砾、土壤推于地表。在鼠害严重的地方,覆盖面积占草地面积的7.47%~16.41%,达到了轻度沙漠化水平。鼠洞洞口塌陷形成风蚀浅坑,风蚀浅坑不断发展,相互贯通,最终发展成"秃斑"和"黑土滩",是草地沙漠化形成的因素之一。

The Effect of Rodents on Surface Soil and Desertification of Grassland in Madoi County

By means of field investigation and laboratory test,we studied the rodents' damage to grassland surface soil and contribution to desertification in Madoi County.The results showed that,rodents destroyed the sward by burrowing caves.Rodents pushed the underlying soil and gravel to the surface to form rodent mounds,and played an important role in acceleration of sandy desertification on grassland.In severely damaged area in Madoi County,rodents mound covered about 7.47％ ～16.41％ of grassland area,which reached the level of light sandy desertification grade according to the sandy desertification classification.Collapse of burrow leaded to formation of wind erosion shallow pit.The pits connected each another and eventually formed a "barren patches" and "black soil land",which created favorable conditions for the formation grassland sandy desertification.