抗逆高产国审‘冀饲3号’饲用小黑麦新品种的选育

基于饲用小黑麦杂交育种缺乏科学规范操作方法的现实问题，河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所创建形成了一套饲用小黑麦杂交选育方法，该选育方法明确了亲本选择依据、田间种植布局以及各世代的群体数量、种植密度、田间选择时期和选择依据。按照创建形成的饲用小黑麦杂交育种方法，本试验于2006—2017年经亲本杂交组配、6个世代选择、品比试验和区域试验，选育出了‘冀饲3号’饲用小黑麦新品种，2018年该品种通过了全国草品种审定委员会审定。国家区域试验结果显示，‘冀饲3号’平均干草产量为13 943.8 kg·hm^-2，较对照‘中饲828’和‘石大1号’分别增产5.2%和7.0%，表现出很好的丰产性和稳产性；该品种乳熟期全株粗蛋白含量9.0%，粗脂肪含量19.9%，均高于‘中饲828’；中性洗涤纤维含量49.4%，低于‘中饲828’，具有饲草品质较好、抗倒性强、抽穗期较早等优点。本试验选育出的‘冀饲3号’饲用小黑麦新品种可与其它春播作物进行复种，适宜在黄淮海地区推广种植。

Breeding of New Forage Triticale ‘Jisi No.3’ with Stress Resistance and High Yield

To fill the gaps in lacking of a scientific and standardized operation method for forage triticale hybrid breeding,a set of forage triticale hybrid breeding method has been established by the Dryland Farming Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences. Specifically,the method defines the selection criteria of parents,field planting layout,the population number of generations,planting density,field selection period and selection criteria. According to the innovative hybrid breeding method of forage triticale,a new forage triticale variety ‘Jisi No.3’ was selected in 2006—2017 through parental hybrid combination,six-generation selection,varietal comparison tests and regional tests,then it was registered by Chinese Herbage Cultivar Registration Board in 2018. The results of national regional tests indicated that ‘Jisi No.3’ had more abundant productivity and stability,its average hay yield was 13 943.8 kg·hm^-2,which was 5.2% higher than that of ‘Zhongsi No.828’,and 7.0% higher than that of ‘Shida No.1’. The CP content of the whole plant in the milk stage of ‘Jisi No.3’ was 9.0%,crude fat 19.9%,all higher than that ‘Zhongsi No.828’,NDF 49.4%,was lower than ‘Zhongsi No.828’. Given its high forage quality,good lodging resistance and early heading stage,‘Jisi No.3’ can be multiple cropping with other spring-sown crops,and be suitable for planting in Huang-Huai-Hai area.